林榮茂部落格: Impact of Dietary Resistant Starch on the Human Gut Microbiome, Metaproteome, and Metabolome.

Sunday, January 06, 2019

Impact of Dietary Resistant Starch on the Human Gut Microbiome, Metaproteome, and Metabolome.

Maier TV1, Lucio M1, Lee LH2, VerBerkmoes NC3, Brislawn CJ4, Bernhardt J5, Lamendella R6, McDermott JE4,7, Bergeron N8,9, Heinzmann SS1, Morton JT10, González A10, Ackermann G10, Knight R10, Riedel K5, Krauss RM8, Schmitt-Kopplin P1,11, Jansson JK12.

Author information

1: Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.
2: Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Science (CICS), Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
3: The University of Texas, El Paso, Texas, USA.
4: Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA.
5: Institute of Microbiology, Greifswald University, Greifswald, Germany.
6: Juniata College, Huntingdon, Pennsylvania, USA.
7: Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
8: Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, California, USA.
9: College of Pharmacy, Touro University California, Vallejo, California, USA.
10: University of California, San Diego, California, USA.
11: Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany.
12: Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA janet.jansson@pnnl.gov.

Abstract

Diet can influence the composition of the human microbiome, and yet relatively few dietary ingredients have been systematically investigated with respect to their impact on the functional potential of the microbiome. Dietary resistant starch (RS) has been shown to have health benefits, but we lack a mechanistic understanding of the metabolic processes that occur in the gut during digestion of RS. Here, we collected samples during a dietary crossover study with diets containing large or small amounts of RS. We determined the impact of RS on the gut microbiome and metabolic pathways in the gut, using a combination of "omics" approaches, including 16S rRNA gene sequencing, metaproteomics, and metabolomics. This multiomics approach captured changes in the abundance of specific bacterial species, proteins, and metabolites after a diet high in resistant starch (HRS), providing key insights into the influence of dietary interventions on the gut microbiome. The combined data showed that a high-RS diet caused an increase in the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes, including increases in relative abundances of some specific members of the Firmicutes and concurrent increases in enzymatic pathways and metabolites involved in lipid metabolism in the gut.IMPORTANCE This work was undertaken to obtain a mechanistic understanding of the complex interplay between diet and the microorganisms residing in the intestine. Although it is known that gut microbes play a key role in digestion of the food that we consume, the specific contributions of different microorganisms are not well understood. In addition, the metabolic pathways and resultant products of metabolism during digestion are highly complex. To address these knowledge gaps, we used a combination of molecular approaches to determine the identities of the microorganisms in the gut during digestion of dietary starch as well as the metabolic pathways that they carry out. Together, these data provide a more complete picture of the function of the gut microbiome in digestion, including links between an RS diet and lipid metabolism and novel linkages between specific gut microbes and their metabolites and proteins produced in the gut.