Peter Attia MD, 171- Longevity science: caloric restriction studies, aging biomarkers & possible longevity molecules 48,911 views Aug 9, 2021

171- Longevity science: caloric restriction studies, aging biomarkers & possible longevity molecules 48,911 viewsAug 9, 2021 129K subscribers Steve Austad is a distinguished professor of biology at the University of Alabama and director of one of the Nathan Shock Centers of Excellence in aging biology. Steve's current research seeks to understand the underlying causes of aging, specifically with a long-term goal of developing medical interventions that slow the age-related decay of human health. In this episode, Steve tells Peter about his unusual childhood and stints as a cab driver and lion tamer. He goes on to describe what led to his focus on studying aging and some of the major challenges and limitations of working with laboratory animals. Steve and Peter talk about the relationship between caloric restriction and lifespan, including some of the most important studies exploring this question. Additionally, they hypothesize what might explain the sex-related differences in longevity between men and women, explain the importance of finding longevity biomarkers, and discuss the most promising molecules as potential longevity agents. We discuss: 00:00:00 - Intro 00:00:10 - Steve’s background and unusual childhood 00:07:19 - Steve’s adventures driving a cab in New York City 00:12:11 - How Steve drove to LA and accidentally became a lion tamer 00:22:18 - How Steve’s early graduate school experiences led him to study longevity 00:30:35 - The challenges and limitations of working with lab mice 00:43:49 - The connection between caloric restriction and lifespan 00:52:30 - Mice vs. rats and rodent aging experiments 00:57:32 - The impact of dietary composition and the harm of sucrose: Comparing two caloric-restriction studies in monkeys 01:12:22 - Challenges of studying animals due to major differences in the lab animal vs. wild animals 01:28:22 - Human studies of calorie restriction 01:37:18 - Better dietary protocols for humans: Alternatives to long-term caloric restriction 01:42:12 - The protective effect of fasting 01:50:53 - Reflecting on the sex differences in human lifespan, and why women have more neurodegenerative diseases 02:10:17 - The importance of identifying longevity biomarkers and which ones show the potential to change the landscape of longevity research 02:21:35 - Molecules showing the most promise as longevity agents Show notes page: https://peterattiamd.com/steveaustad/ -------- About: The Peter Attia Drive is a weekly, ultra-deep-dive podcast focusing on maximizing health, longevity, critical thinking…and a few other things. With over 30 million episodes downloaded, it features topics including fasting, ketosis, Alzheimer’s disease, cancer, mental health, and much more. Peter is a physician focusing on the applied science of longevity. His practice deals extensively with nutritional interventions, exercise physiology, sleep physiology, emotional and mental health, and pharmacology to increase lifespan (delay the onset of chronic disease), while simultaneously improving healthspan (quality of life). Learn more: https://peterattiamd.com Subscribe to receive exclusive subscriber-only content: https://peterattiamd.com/subscribe Sign up to receive Peter's email newsletter: https://peterattiamd.com/newsletter Connect with Peter on: Facebook: http://bit.ly/PeterAttiaMDFB Twitter: http://bit.ly/PeterAttiaMDTW Instagram: http://bit.ly/PeterAttiaMDIG Subscribe to The Drive: Apple Podcast: http://bit.ly/TheDriveApplePodcasts Overcast: http://bit.ly/TheDriveOvercast Spotify: http://bit.ly/TheDriveSpotify Google Podcasts: http://bit.ly/TheDriveGoogle Chapters Intro 0:00 Steve’s background and unusual childhood 0:10 Steve’s adventures driving a cab in New York City 7:19 How Steve drove to LA and accidentally became a lion tamer 12:11 How Steve’s early graduate school experiences led him to study longevity 22:18 The challenges and limitations of working with lab mice 30:35 91 Comments rongmaw lin Add a comment... Peter Attia MD Pinned by Peter Attia MD Peter Attia MD 9 months ago (edited) In this episode we discuss: 00:00:00 - Intro 00:00:10 - Steve’s background and unusual childhood 00:07:19 - Steve’s adventures driving a cab in New York City 00:12:11 - How Steve drove to LA and accidentally became a lion tamer 00:22:18 - How Steve’s early graduate school experiences led him to study longevity 00:30:35 - The challenges and limitations of working with lab mice 00:43:49 - The connection between caloric restriction and lifespan 00:52:30 - Mice vs. rats and rodent aging experiments 00:57:32 - The impact of dietary composition and the harm of sucrose: Comparing two caloric-restriction studies in monkeys 01:12:22 - Challenges of studying animals due to major differences in the lab animal vs. wild animals 01:28:22 - Human studies of calorie restriction 01:37:18 - Better dietary protocols for humans: Alternatives to long-term caloric restriction 01:42:12 - The protective effect of fasting 01:50:53 - Reflecting on the sex differences in human lifespan, and why women have more neurodegenerative diseases 02:10:17 - The importance of identifying longevity biomarkers and which ones show the potential to change the landscape of longevity research 02:21:35 - Molecules showing the most promise as longevity agents 22 Fernando Almaguer Fernando Almaguer 9 months ago This guy had some stories to tell. Man ! Great podcast 20 Harini Rajan Art Harini Rajan Art 9 months ago Wow! That story with the lion and his youth in general would make a great movie! 37 Scott Gilliland Scott Gilliland 9 months ago Ouch, as a 5’7” person, I was saddened to hear I’m not normal 😝 Great video, as always! Thank you for sharing these great conversations with us, I always learn a lot. 19 Patrick Whelan Patrick Whelan 9 months ago This is very good. When you have a cursory knowledge of a subject, like I have, it’s easy to get swayed by a superficial read of an abstract or watch a podcast by a scientist perhaps with a book to sell or a project to push - no names mentioned, but we can all think of a few - whereas these two gentlemen give a non-biased deep dive into the subject matter. 16 MrRadar45 MrRadar45 9 months ago Peter, as a non-medico I am regularly impressed how you encourage different perspectives and make cogent and incisive questions that get to the heart of the issue. Thanks for making these fascinating interviews available no lay-people like me. Specifically, this interview revealed the questions in and around research yet I do not think that I will get castrated soon to increase my longevity. 29 l k l k 8 months ago I find it interesting that Dr Attia is chasing longevity and yet the activities he participates in are higher risk such as extreme swimming or car racing, quite the paradox... almost like he can't get rid of the thrill seeking aspect of his life 8 Alexis Espinosa Alexis Espinosa 9 months ago (edited) Well said Dr. Steve! The same thing I said about the Richard Miller's "gold standard tests for longevity": they are finding that diabetes drugs extend life of mice in their experiments. I say: of course, if they give them a diabetes-producing diet to the mice, then yes, those drugs of course will help. But the control group should be eating a much better diet than the chow they give them. Then, from there, longevity drugs should be tested. So, yes, it is very important to find the ideal diets (and life style) for the lab mice and rats to start with. 7 Peter Peter 8 months ago Keeping monkeys caged for decades, alone in small cages, was extremely inhumane. Brutal. Don't understand how this could be allowed. 4 Jackie Bardsley Jackie Bardsley 9 months ago Thank you - another great interview. I always learn so much. 3 mark veen mark veen 9 months ago (edited) I've seen a woman in pristine condition at age 103. Could still walk without any help. Clear voice and hold long conversations. Hardly any wrinkles. Looked like a healthy 75 year old. Doctor checkups every season. Everything seemed more then fine for her age. One summer day however she took a midday nap and was gone. With a smile on her face. Family told nothing strange was going on the day before. I would imagine at those extreme ages. You would need to have a very strong will to live, and still have goals. If you're happy and content. Did everything you wanted to do. The body just gives up I think, eventhough it could go on for longer. Ultimately, the mind controls the body. 20 Pavel Chorda Pavel Chorda 3 months ago (edited) Great interview. As a biologist, I was always interested in longevity, my thirst of knowledge brought me to Studie Taoism (I was doing martial arts since I was 4), I went deep into the topic and in the practice, the point here is, in men the shortering of life span comes directly from the loss of jingchi, directly associated to the loss of sperm, Of course as animals we need to pass on our genetics to the next generation, improving if it's possible 😉, This could be the relationship between sexual hormones, longevity. It's a long topic Spek25 Spek25 3 months ago I have listened to many talks on this subject of calorie restriction and it seems that the message is the more that your body struggles to stay alive by not starving to death, the longer you do stay alive. Dietary hormesis. As though it is mutating everything to achieve that goal. SAD dieters are telling their bodies “hey, I am satisfied, it’s a great time to die.” 2 bernhardwalther bernhardwalther 3 weeks ago Great content! Thanks for being so accurate. I heard the way is long to go for people over 40. Let's hope to be lucky on rapamycine very soon... Melisa Surprisebox Melisa Surprisebox 3 months ago This is the best episode that i’ve ever had on yours for fun. I heard this one third time and I still laugh about the lion. Focused Vegetable Focused Vegetable 7 days ago Loved his background and overall perspective. I am not sure I would known him to be such an exciting scientist from his papers. Nader Youssef Nader Youssef 9 months ago wow.. Lots of knowledge.. Thanks peter for making this knowledge available to us.. 2 Phil Winston Phil Winston 8 months ago "But you're a normal sized person, its not as if you are 5'7 now, so where did the growth spurt come from?" 5'7 man crying here :'( Thanks Peter! Made my day! 2 elbay2 elbay2 9 months ago Fascinating discussion… thank you! 5 Craig M Craig M 9 months ago I cannot believe how educational this was. 1 Dan Dan 9 months ago "As rats they're fatter, more diseased, reach puberty quicker, have too many kids" ...sounds the perfect model for human research to me. 6 Ivica Petrović Ivica Petrović 9 months ago what a great guest, as always…🤗 what a great pod, as always…👊🏻 1 Tony Noonan Tony Noonan 9 months ago Thanks Dr Attia, Great Podcast,whats your view on giving metformin to an asymptomatic patient with 35% generalized coronary artery plaque deposits with a view to stabilising the disease process.. 1 Crypto Musician Crypto Musician 9 months ago At the age of 72, I am at 20 a year low point at 239 lbs. It is now 30:00 of an extremely interesting YouTube and I am on a calorie restricted nutritious diet. Will continue to watch and report... 1 Scott K Scott K 8 months ago I think the monkey studies prove one thing: excessive sugar is a death sentence. 3 Anthony Lawrence Anthony Lawrence 9 months ago I have a personalised story and n of 1 but I seem to have established an interesting effect. I am aged 69. I have worked out for the last 45 years 3 times per week HIIT and HIRT for 1 hour. The last 5 years fairly strict Keto diet, almost no sugar and starch and only complex carbs. (no nuts I'm allergic) I weigh 70kg at 5'10" height. I take a daily, limited but strict, daily supplement stack daily. I use IF only, eating within a 6 hour window twice per day between 1pm and 7pm. I have recently had a GlycanAge Test for biological age. It came back at 32 (they've never seen this out of 150,000 subjects). Interestingly, I have recently increased my calorie intake by at least 400 calories using natural yoghurt, double cream, pure Whey protein powder and a few blueberries. In a month it has made no difference to my baseline weight. Anyway, seems to be interesting so far? 14 Science Simplified Science Simplified 9 months ago im starting to really agree that methylation clocks are just a big effort to find a signal in a bunch of noise.. but its mostly just noise or different proxys for different things depending on the clock.. like im sorry if a certain lifestyle reverses clock by 6 years, does that mean that lifestyle will make you age in reverse in live forever? of course not.. of course its all more nuanced different clocks are measuring different things but it is starting to feel like hype 2 Ran Amitay Ran Amitay 9 months ago 1:25:50 is a small Easter egg. Loved this discussion! ImakenomoneyLOL ImakenomoneyLOL 1 month ago Wow this guy took an arrow to the knee and lived to tell the tale login users login users 3 months ago I would want to be part of calorific or dietary restriction studies and I promise to follow them diligently. Carla Harmon Carla Harmon 1 month ago This is AMAZING! Joe Tart Joe Tart 9 months ago Would love a interview with Dr Ron Rosedale! Armands Riekstiņš Armands Riekstiņš 9 months ago This was really good! 1 N. F. N. F. 8 months ago Good overall but the conversation about the origins of risk-taking behaviors in young men vs. women veered off in a real non-scientific and clueless direction 1 Fernando Almaguer Fernando Almaguer 9 months ago Right away hearing about the kidney blood restriction test on mice seems cruel to me. Like we are nazis and other species are the test subjects 6 Zephyr López Cervilla Zephyr López Cervilla 9 months ago 1:56:50 I don’t think a human embryo with a 46,YY karyotype would be viable (or a human embryo with any total monosomy other than 45,X). 2 John DiTraglia John DiTraglia 9 months ago Dr. Austad that's called constitutional short stature (that also runs in families like familial short stature) where you go through puberty later and finally wind up more average height. 0 Pottenger's Human Pottenger's Human 9 months ago Sounds like there is zero benefit to caloric restriction than not overeating and a lot of drawbacks. Now let's see fixed ad libitum compared to fixed healthy diet compared to 23:1 compared to fasting one day and eating ad libitum, fixed budget and or 23:1 on the eating day. Then maybe we will get some idea if the actual lifespan can be improved 2 DIGANTA SARMA DIGANTA SARMA 9 months ago I think we should also observe people around us. I have seen many who eat less and active and are healthy in their seventies. Andrew James Andrew James 9 months ago tl/dr We still don't know anything, because we don't yet have the appropriate biomarkers for judging the efficacy of rapamycin, metformin, fasting, NAD enhancer or whatever. But still an excellent conversation. Alexis Espinosa Alexis Espinosa 9 months ago As my past 12 comments: Everytime you touch this topic I wonder when are you going to invite Prof. Longo to your show? Or, put in other way, I wonder if you guys don't like each other? It appears incredible to me that Longo has not been yet in "The drive"! 4 X X 9 months ago just for the record: in this episode Peter is dead-wrong on epi-genomic info for longevity-science. Peter Burton Peter Burton 9 months ago I think we would all would like to know what they injected him with in high school, could've used some myself! LOL 11 Jeff Rey Jeff Rey 9 months ago Which mice species does valter lingo use? 1 Might B Fire Might B Fire 4 months ago 1:43:00 Who are these monsters? This is the path to Josef Mengele. You can do whatever you want, and feel justified, as long as you decide something’s pain, suffering, or even life, doesn’t matter. 2 jods jods 9 months ago Concerning that all lab research with these meices may have almost no real scientific applications r/t humans! 4 X X 9 months ago talk to programmer who improves code of "blind programmer" like Nature is June Pagan June Pagan 3 months ago Profilings offered a calorie restricted program at 1200 calories. kickn-aDead-cat kickn-aDead-cat 8 months ago Labs are now getting away from rats and have settled on lawyers. For 2 reasons…..lab technicians do not get as attached to the lawyers and lawyers will do things the rats won’t. Robin Williams…… Elvay Elvay 9 months ago 02:24:45 LOL guess he hasn't turned on a television in a year. 3 C Burgess C Burgess 9 months ago Dr. Attia, please activate YouTube's "Clip" feature. Steven Campagna Steven Campagna 9 months ago Is that a picture of Richard Feynman in Peter's office? 2 Iss Iss 2 months ago (edited) @10:40 NYC is back to the 70s. I used to live in NYC , glad i am not there now. The stabbings and random attacks...its back to Batman's Gotham. Bugs Bunny Bugs Bunny 9 months ago Somehow the idiocy of men I do not find surprising. LOL I have no doubt the difference is testosterone (but, then again, it's not my job to prove it). 1 RILEY (SlotDog) PLAYS SLOTS (He's a dog) RILEY (SlotDog) PLAYS SLOTS (He's a dog) 2 months ago I'm glad I'm not a mouse. 1 Trismegistus Trismegistus 9 months ago tl;dr what can we (humans) do to increase longevity? 1 Que Onda Whey Que Onda Whey 9 months ago Clearly haven't been to #NYC recently.... Mike Finlayson Mike Finlayson 2 months ago Why is it a “problem” that women live longer? Other than an intellectual perspective? John Baker John Baker 9 months ago Haha Mike G Mike G 4 months ago Stupid behavior like swimming the Catalina channel?................. stuff like that?