#mrna #vaccine #covid19 How mRNA Vaccines Work - Simply Explained

Simply Explained 421K subscribers mRNA vaccines have to potential to end the COVID19 pandemic. How do they work? Are they safe? And how could they've been developed so quickly? The main idea of mRNA vaccines is to trick our bodies to produce part of a virus. This kickstarts our immune response, without getting us sick. All that's needed is a part of the virus's DNA or RNA, packaged into mRNA. Cool! (mRNA is the technology behind the vaccines from Pfizer/BioNTech, Moderna & CureVac) 💡 Follow-up video https://youtu.be/CfZjK2eIDFM I answer 10 of your mostly asked questions (and address some misconceptions). 📚 Sources used to make this video: https://savjee.be/videos/simply-expla... ☝️ This page also contains answers for frequently asked questions. 📢 Help translate this video into other languages: https://amara.org/en/videos/5xxdHBPpQ... 🌍 Social Twitter: https://twitter.com/Savjee Facebook: https://facebook.com/Savjee Blog: https://savjee.be 💌 Newsletter: http://newsletter.savjee.be (no more than once a month) ❤️ Become a Simply Explained member: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCnxr... #mrna #vaccine #covid19 #simplyexplained 2,997 Comments rongmaw lin Add a comment... Sufiness Sufiness 10 months ago I really appreciate how you didn't have any background music or sound effects in this video. I'm so tired of all the noise/racket in the background of videos. 174 Simply Explained Geraldine Myers Geraldine Myers 1 year ago Amazing and totally clear, understandable explanation of covid vaccines. No highly technical mumbo jumbo that most researchers like to try and impress you with. A real breath of fresh air for anyone who wants to know what is happening inside them when they get that shot. 140 MikesterCurtis MikesterCurtis 5 months ago The immune system is amazing. I think you could add to the video the effects someone might experience while the immune system tackles the intruder. But keeping it simple is a good way to teach, generally. 4 G Q G Q 1 year ago Great vid! Straight to the point, easy to digest, and quick. Literally everything i needed to know! 34 Simply Explained TLE TLE 10 months ago Great video explanation! I still have questions though, like how is the mRNA destroyed after it enters your cells? When cells get infected by a virus and start producing copies of the virus, the immune system destroys the hijacked cells as well as the virus. What happens to the cells that used the vaccine mRNA after the immune system starts responding to the parts of the virus that it manufactured? 12 Chipchase Chipchase 1 year ago This is the best and clearest explanation of mRNA vaccines I have heard so far. Excellent ! 772 Simply Explained Doug Colt Doug Colt 1 year ago This was great! Thanks for putting together such a logical and simple presentation. 10 Sophie Lowe Sophie Lowe 3 months ago Thank you for taking the time to simply explain. First video that I have found that actually makes it clear and precise. World-Traveler Don Leske World-Traveler Don Leske 1 year ago ABSOLUTLY STELLER! I am 70 years old, and I get it. It is sad that more people don't see that our body is able to create so many complicated ways to protect us.., by using our own immune system. Good job guys. 25 Brandon Torres Brandon Torres 1 year ago Really good explanation and super understandable, thank you! 18 Simply Explained Jane Cridland Jane Cridland 1 year ago Perfect amount of information, explained concisely. Thank you! 23 Simply Explained Tim's Timbre Tim's Timbre 11 months ago Awesome, couldn't find any info on the actual breakdown of the produced spikes by the body's immune system after vaccination has taken place. This was clear and concise for laymen like me. :-) 18 Elizabeth Quintal Elizabeth Quintal 10 months ago Excellent video. So simple, easy to understand, informative and educational. Thank you! In fact, this video should be sent to the CDC so they can better inform the public instead of confusing them.👍👏 46 Simply Explained Susan Kasparek Susan Kasparek 1 year ago This is the best video to explain the vaccinations, that I've seen. Simple and right to the point. I've already shared it with two other people. 1 Simply Explained Small Fry Small Fry 11 months ago Amazing, super clear explanation. Well done! 8 Melanie Melanie 1 year ago I've been trying to find a clear and simple video to show friends and family, this is perfect - thank you! 10 Simply Explained Amy LS Amy LS 7 months ago Great explanation! A key component was leveraging off how viruses enter & infect the body. The visuals in the video were also great. Can you do one on the Astra Zeneca vaccine also? 『insert name here』 『insert name here』 6 months ago I swear the thought process that went into these vaccines was clever as hell. Like, who thinks of using our own body to make the key markers of a virus which it will use to identify said virus? That's the most ingenious piece of biomedical engineering idea I've ever heard of. 18 Dale Faith Allwood Dale Faith Allwood 1 year ago (edited) Giving the covid-19 the taste of their own medicine! Thank you for a very simple and smart explanation. Can you also post a video explaining why there are two doses needed for covid vax and why 4 months apart? 15 Maxine MacDonald Maxine MacDonald 1 year ago Really helpful and easy to understand. You've greatly put my mind at rest! Thank you so much for taking the time to put this video together! 2 Simply Explained je ar je ar 1 year ago You really make it easy to understand. Thank you so much! 29 Simply Explained Renee Cowan Renee Cowan 1 year ago Great explanation and easy to understand. Everyone should watch this. Kevo 5545 Kevo 5545 1 year ago (edited) great video. I have two questions: 1.) So if your cells are constantly creating the Spikes from the virus, and your immune system is constantly destroying the spikes, does that mean that your immune system is constantly in fight response? 2.) So if eventually your immune system destroys the Spike RNA in your cell, does that mean your immune system attacks your cells to get to the Spike RNA? How does your immune system destroy the spike RNA in your cell l if it is encoded into your cell? 32 CIRCLE OF 4TRESS CIRCLE OF 4TRESS 8 months ago This is such a clear and concise explanation of how the mRNA Vaccine works. Good job! Ben Corley Ben Corley 1 year ago Thank you for making this so easy to understand. It really does help give me peace of mind. Cindy Sagers Cindy Sagers 1 year ago Wonderful! Thanks for the straightforward explanation. Brilliant! 5 AstralPhnx AstralPhnx 1 year ago Incredible video explaining some incredible technology! I'm amazed by the scientists that managed to come up with this technique and put it into effective use! Incredible stuff! 19 Simply Explained Billy Lim Billy Lim 1 year ago Very good video - simple and clear explanation! xinxian kongqi xinxian kongqi 9 months ago I had the 2nd dose of Moderna recently and had pretty bad flu symptoms for about 24 hours (headache especially when moving quickly, muscle pains, fever, skin sensitivity, fatigue etc.). This video says there are few side effects because there is no live virus but side effects are pretty common at least for Moderna and Pfizer, so what is the mechanism that causes this? Immune system overreacting to the spike proteins? 31 Garfield Garfield 8 months ago Thank you so much for the fantastic lucid explanation ❤️ 2 Simply Explained Antonia Grant Antonia Grant 2 months ago Thank you for this clear explanation! Please can I have clarity on one thing, Im sure you explained it already... Is MRNA the spike protein from the virus? Is the RNA the DNA information from the virus? Tibor Hornok Tibor Hornok 1 year ago I was reluctant to vaccinate myself againts COVID-19, because I can't get how they can develop an effective vaccine in such a sort time. Here comes mRNA, and your explanation, now I consider the vaccination. Thank you! 10 Simply Explained Hayden Macfarlane Hayden Macfarlane 1 year ago Thanks for the explanation. Easy to understand and relatively quick/to the point. 6 Simply Explained Asymmetric Fuzion Asymmetric Fuzion 6 months ago Dude. Thank you. I’ve recently got the new kurzgesagt book on immunology. It’s great but I either haven’t got to the MRNa but yet or it’s not covered. But I keep hearing about it and I keep hearing about “MRNa entering the cells nucleus” which sounded like bullshit. This totally clears up what the MRNa does so thank you 🙏 8 Simply Explained M M 9 months ago This is such a great explanation! Thank you so much! Patrick Collins Patrick Collins 10 months ago Great video. Before I was confused about whether the vaccinated cells continue to produce antigens and therefore cause a continued immune response, its good to know that the vaccine is destroyed after it does its job 👍 4 Human Being Human Being 1 year ago (edited) Thank you! A few questions. How long are these foreign spike proteins produced after the injection? I.e. if your cells continue to synthesize spike proteins after the B memory cells are established/antibodies are produced, that seems like there could be a potential for autoimmune disorders (i.e. the cell-mediated arm of the adaptive immune system triggering cytotoxic T cells to kill your own cells still containing those spike proteins)?. B cells are the humoral arm of adaptive immunity, but I am wondering where MHC's (Major histocompatibility complex) proteins come into play here? What are the implications of completely bypassing the receptors in the adaptive immune system? Traditional vaccines rely on the receptors in the cells of the adaptive immune system, but this type of mRNA gene manipulation completely bypasses these receptors, correct? 18 Yury Kravchenko Yury Kravchenko 11 months ago Very good and clear explanation. Thanks a lot! 2 GLW GLW 1 year ago What an excellent and informative video! Thanks! 12 Mayuresh Dhagamwar Mayuresh Dhagamwar 11 months ago Very good video! Simple, easy to digest but packed with useful information! Theoria Logos Theoria Logos 5 months ago Very good explanation, thank you. Many people I know who get vaccinated get sick almost immediately with covid type symptoms. Why is that? 3 Vivekchandra Undirwade Vivekchandra Undirwade 8 months ago Awesome explanation. Keep up the good work Champ!! J W J W 1 year ago Love the explanation! But just a question. If an advantage of mRNA vaccines is that we don’t get symptoms, why is it known that we have symptoms after getting the second dose of the COVID-19 vaccine, since it’s mRNA? 9 Adam NZ Adam NZ 6 months ago I had the worst reaction from my second phizer vaccine and so did my partner. 4 Ken Munroe Ken Munroe 1 year ago As a researcher with 35 years of experience, including vaccine development, I really enjoyed this video. I am planning on sharing it with people who are scared of the though of taking a next generation vaccine. BTW, I am getting my second dose today. 12 Simply Explained manuel zänger manuel zänger 6 months ago Nice explanation, but I still don’t understand how the immune system understands that those produced spikes have to be killed, as they don’t cause any harm. 2 Mark MacKenzie Mark MacKenzie 1 year ago You have done the world a public service by creating this video and I will share this to all corners of my little world and hopefully it'll spread. Thank you also for providing references in the description. Well done! 78 Simply Explained Bad Alice Bad Alice 9 months ago I really enjoyed the part where you explained which cells in our body are likely to be recoded, and what happens to them after they produce these proteins. It's a great conversation starter on the topic of thrombosis. 1 ribbt mcabe ribbt mcabe 1 year ago Could you please explain which cells end up manufacturing the spikes? Just the muscle cells at the injection site, or does it affect blood cells, or something else? Also, when the cells manufacture the spike protein, do they display this protein on their surface, or do they excrete the protein? Do these mRNA-containing cells get killed by the immune system? Thank you. 17 Karen Keene Karen Keene 5 months ago Great video very well and simply explained Simply Explained Rip Kirby Rip Kirby 1 year ago The most beautiful explanation in its simplicity. Great video !! 3 Revelations Revelations 1 year ago I like your explanation. However, it must be cautioned that this technology does not have a track record. What will happen when this synthetic rna is produced in other parts of the body? In the case of covid, what about the lipid enclosed nano particles? They are basically tricking the cells into making a synthetic compound. What is being used to create this synthetic compound? What happens to the synthetic compound that was used to create this protein? Can the nano particles be remotely manipulated? How is it possible for the vaccine to enter the cells? 17 Boognish Boognish 9 months ago I wouldn’t say the symptoms after the 2nd injection are mild. I felt like death the following day. Had to take a day off work because I could barely function. Then the day after I felt perfectly fine. Obviously much better than actually getting COVID. Not trying to dissuade anyone. And it also depends on the person. I know a lot of people who had basically no symptoms. 11 Shadowof Zeus Shadowof Zeus 1 year ago a very nice simple explanation - thanks so much! 4 beyourselfhk beyourselfhk 1 year ago Thanks for explaining, I see the ideal theory of it, but with the terrible diet we been living on, what if our own immune system has been weaken? Would it be the same? Plus, please show solid evidence or research results indicating the possible known side effects of vaccines, coz there are always 2 sides in a coin ... thanks again for your updated replies if any 3 Dardania Lion Dardania Lion 9 months ago You got my subscription. Totally clear explanation. C C 1 year ago (edited) My concern is that this is the first time mRNA has been used on humans in such a wide scale before. The experts say it is safe, but how can we know for sure that there will not be long term side effects? 72 Kingsley Osei-Abrah Kingsley Osei-Abrah 1 year ago You really made this very easy to understand! Thank you! 6 Simply Explained shamari ridley shamari ridley 5 months ago (edited) How does the MRNA vaccine work against new variants because isn't the RNA of the variant different? If the RNA sequence of the vaccine is based on the original COVID virus? Great video and should definitely be shown to people who are hesitant towards the vaccine. 3 Jamie Atkinson Jamie Atkinson 1 year ago I really needed this... it has been so hard to comprehend this new type of vaccine and I finally get it. I could even explain it to others if I had to 17 Emily Leibowitz Emily Leibowitz 1 year ago Well done! So if that's the case how come the second shot of pfizer can make you sick? From what I've heard the first shot will give you a sore arm but the second shot you will more than likely have some side effects of being sick. Thanks! :-) 3 Carrie's Comments Carrie's Comments 1 year ago Thanks for explaining this in "layman's" terms - very helpful! Bianca Bădescu Bianca Bădescu 7 months ago Thank you for this explanation. I am pro-vaccination, however, as a person with an autoimmune disease I cannot help but wonder about the following: the mRNA vaccine teaches our cells to make their own Covid spike proteins, that’s great, innovative. But, for a person with an autoimmune disease and therefore with a confused immune system that attacks its own host, how do we know that once our immune system senses the spike proteins that are produced by our own cells it won’t identify only the spike proteins as a threat but out own cells that produce them as well? This could make a confused immune system, as people with autoimmunity have, keep attacking its own healthy cells even after the spike protein is destroyed, therefore resulting in another debilitating autoimmune disease. Am I wrong? Am I right? I don’t know. Is just what I’m thinking. I’m definitely opened to your thoughts and I am aware that the virus might create the same reaction. amermatk amermatk 1 year ago Very well explained & presented. I really liked how simple it was to understand! 1 Simply Explained Arvind Bamhi Arvind Bamhi 1 year ago The best video on mRNA Vaccine..Simple and easy to understand...Such quality educational videos are need of our generation.. 5 SubtlyChic SubtlyChic 1 year ago