Dr. Guido Kroemer on Autophagy, Caloric Restriction Mimetics, Fasting & Protein Acetylation

Dr. Guido Kroemer on Autophagy, Caloric Restriction Mimetics, Fasting & Protein Acetylation FoundMyFitness 487K subscribers Subscribe 6.6K Share Download Thanks Clip 349K views 6 years ago Interviews Dr. Guido Kroemer is a professor at the University of Paris Descartes and an expert in immunology, cancer biology, aging, and autophagy. He is one of the most highly cited authors in the field of cell biology and was the most highly cited cell biologist for the period between 2007 and 2013. Especially notable among his contributions: he was the first to discover that the permeabilization of mitochondrial membranes is a concrete step towards apoptotic cell death. … 488 Comments rongmaw lin Add a comment... @FoundMyFitness Pinned by FoundMyFitness @FoundMyFitness 6 years ago TIMELINE... • 00:03:22 - How genetically inhibiting autophagy actually increases cellular sensitivity to death and how this was counterintuitive because autophagy was thought, at one time, as a type of activity predominantly concerned with actually initiating cell death. • 00:04:44 - The external signals causing autophagy. • 00:05:29 - The role of growth factors in transporting nutrients from the outside world into the intracellular space. • 00:05:48 - Autophagy as a process that destroys bioenergetic macromolecular reserves including proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids to generate energy. • 00:06:28 - How declines in the ATP (energetic) status of the cell trigger autophagy by increasing the activity of a pathway known as AMP Kinase. • 00:06:36 - How reductions in the cytosolic pool of acetyl-CoA as a consequence of reductions in glycolysis, amino acid catabolism, or beta-oxidation, ultimately result in the de-acetylation of hundreds of cellular proteins involved in autophagy. Nutrient deprivation → ↑ Protein Deacetylation (↓ cytosolic Acetyl CoA) + ↓ mTOR + ↑ AMP Kinase → Autophagy • 00:09:37 - The role of the inhibition of mTOR and activation of AMP Kinase in cellular autophagy. mTOR is a pathway robustly activated by IGF-1 and associated with increases in cell growth, proliferation, motility and protein synthesis. AMP Kinase, on the other hand, is a pathway important in regulating cellular energy homeostasis by inhibiting synthesis of fatty acids and triglycerides and activating fatty acid uptake and beta-oxidation in the liver. • 00:09:37 - The indirect relationship between protein acetylation status (and cytosolic acetyl CoA availability) and the suppression of mTOR and activation of AMP Kinase in cellular autophagy. • 00:10:23 - The possibility of using selective nutrient restriction as an autophagy-inducer instead of more generalized nutrient deprivation or fasting. • 00:11:11 - Cytoplasmic protein deacetylation as a potential surrogate marker for fasting-induced autophagy (still undergoing validation) but possibly not other forms of autophagy, such as the kind pharmacologically induced by interaction with a protein involved in vesicle-trafficking processes called Beclin 1. • 00:12:53 - How a protein called LC3 associate with structures called autophagosomes to facilitate autophagy in response to deacetylation it undergoes. Note: this sirt1-mediated deacetylation of LC3 is induced as an important response to cell starvation. • 00:14:22 - The special flow cytometry needed in order to measure some of the proteins associated with the activation of autophagosomes in autophagy. • 00:15:04 - The desirability of being able to know and test whether or not your fasting is triggering robust autophagy or not. • 00:16:30 - The minimum amount of fasting necessary to activate autophagy. • 00:16:56 - Whether or not time-restricted eating or 16:8 intermittent fasting reliably induces autophagy in any of our tissues. • 00:17:57 - The important differences between prolonged fasting in humans and the rodent animal models used in studies. • 00:19:03 - The ~12-hour half-life of IGF-1 and whether or not that has any implications for the potential of autophagy in shorter duration fasts. • 00:20:12 - The effects of long-term caloric restriction on markers of cellular autophagy in humans. • 00:21:32 - The effect of an every-other-day eating pattern in rodents and how this pattern actually mimics the longevity producing effects of caloric restriction but with the advantage of stabilizing long-term at a more normal body weight. (Note: Dr. Kroemer is quick to point out that this type of intermittent fasting is more dramatic than it would be in humans because of differences in metabolism… the animals actually experience a 10% oscillation in body weight from this pattern!) • 00:24:35 - The effect of exercise (especially endurance exercise) on autophagy in muscle tissue. • 00:25:08 - The role of autophagy as a mediator of the anti-obesity and anti-diabetic effects of endurance exercise. • 00:26:58 - The differences between macroautophagy, microautophagy, and chaperone-mediated autophagy. • 00:28:03 - The difference between autophagy that is dictated by demand (nutrient stress) versus autophagy that occurs as the need arises to recycle damaged organelles. • 00:28:40 - How damaged organelles change the composition of their surfaces in order to decorate them with signals for the stimulation of their engulfment by the autophagosome. • 00:29:07 - The many, many names autophagy has when we are talking about it in the context of specific macromolecular structures and organelles (e.g. mitophagy for mitochondria, pexophagy for peroxisomes, reticulophagy for endoplasmic reticulum, ribophagy for ribosomes, and virophagy for viruses). • 00:29:35 - How autophagy from nutrient deprivation still prefers to first recycle organelles that have been slightly marked… in other words, that are already aged or slightly damaged. • 00:31:15 - How mitochondrial use ubiquitination, a process which occurs when these organelles begin to lose their membrane potential, in order to signal damage and to ensure preferential targeting by the autophagic machinery. ↓ mitochondrial transmembrane potential → ↑ ubiquitination → ↑ mitophagy • 00:32:42 - The coordinated manner in which mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis act together in a closed feedback loop in order to preserve mitochondrial quality while preserving the total pool of functioning mitochondria. • 00:33:34 - The changes that can occur in total mitochondrial pool as cells adapt to take on new metabolic profiles through a mitophagy-mediated process. This can occur as cells differentiate into new cell types that are specialized for glycolytic energy generation. • 00:35:13 - The role autophagy plays in the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases caused by protein aggregates. • 00:37:18 - How autosomal recessive mutations (where both parents must contribute a defective gene for PD to arise in the offspring) in a kinase protein called PINK1 disrupts its ability to recruit a protein called Parkin that mediates the targeting of mitochondria for mitophagy. ↓ PINK1’s kinase activity → ↓ parkin recruitment → ↓ mitophagy → ↑ accumulation of damaged mitochondria • 00:38:01 - Mitochondrial membrane permeabilization as a death signal due to the release of dangerous proteins contained in the mitochondria. • 00:39:05 - Dr. Valter Longo’s research demonstrating a cycle of prolonged fasting followed by a refeeding can recycle 28% of the white blood cells, and reduce the severity of an autoimmune disease (multiple sclerosis). • 00:39:52 - The evolutionarily-conserved sickness response (food avoidance) as a way of beneficially altering immune responses through through altered metabolism and autophagy. • 00:41:02 - The surprising increase in lethality that happens when mice are force fed (glucose in this case) while exhibiting sickness response from a bacterial challenge. • 00:42:27 - The effects of an anti-malarial known as chloroquine which has some cytotoxic effects in cancer cells, but is actually (surprisingly) an inhibitor of autophagy. • 00:43:12 - Studies of the lysosomal disrupter and anti-malarial chloroquine in combination with chemotherapy in the treatment of cancer. • 00:44:04 - The differential roles autophagy plays in the progression of cancer in pre-malignant cells, when it is suppressed, versus in malignant cells, when it is sometimes used as an adaptation helpful to the survival of malignant cells experiencing environmental stress. ↓ tumor suppressor gene activity → ↓ autophagy → survival of pre-malignant cells → ↑ autophagy as a malignant adaptation • 00:44:49 - How inhibition of autophagy by itself is sufficient to induce oncogenesis, particularly in leukemia. • 00:48:10 - How cells undergoing autophagy can release ATP into the extracellular space where it can function as a signal that recruits and activates immune cells against tumor antigens through the activities of purinergic receptors. ↑ autophagy → ↑ extracellular ATP → activation of purinergic receptor-mediated immunosurveillance • 00:48:49 - The importance of the triggering of this immunosurveilance system as part of the cell death associated with chemotherapy. • 00:50:27 - The class of compounds known as “caloric restriction mimetics” that affect autophagy by perturbing various pathways in such a way as to reductions in cytosolic acetyl CoA and protein deacetylation in a manner similar to nutrient deprivation. Examples include: hydroxycitrate (inhibits ATP citrate lyase), spermidine (inhibits Ep300, a protein acetyltransferase), and resveratrol (activates deacetylases). • 00:55:27 - How intestinal bacteria may produce as much as 1/3rd of the body’s spermidine and how this production rate can be manipulated by probiotic and dietary interventions. • 00:56:17 - How the ability of caloric restriction mimetics (CRMs) to induce a type of autophagy that provokes immunosurveillance potentially offers an opportunity for synergy when used in combination with chemotherapeutic agents in the treatment of cancer. • 00:56:56 - How the inhibition of autophagy in malignant cells or destruction of the extracellular ATP released by cells undergoing autophagy is able to abolish the favorable interaction between caloric restriction mimetic drugs and chemotherapy. • 00:58:02 - The tendency for dietary consumption of caloric restriction mimetics, particularly hydroxy citrate, to induce autophagy and reduce weight gain in mice fed an obesogenic diet. • 00:59:17 - Dr. Kroemer’s personal intermittent and prolonged fasting practices and his habit of consuming foods that may contain some natural quantities of caloric restriction mimicking compounds. • 01:01:40 - The autophagy-enhancing effect of coffee (with and without caffeine). 188 Reply 12 replies @swordfishK2 @swordfishK2 4 years ago I consider myself very fortunate to be living in an age when this type of information is so readily available to the common man. 217 Reply 8 replies @alyjoseph6040 @alyjoseph6040 6 years ago Do you know how healthy this baby is going to be with a mom like her? It's going to be in a sauna In no time! 113 FoundMyFitness Reply 1 reply @jerrymoostache7821 @jerrymoostache7821 6 years ago That baby is gonna be immortal 387 Reply 7 replies @tyanite1 @tyanite1 5 years ago (edited) How intelligent is this guy! Wow, a knockout interview. Also, I can tell you took the time to edit the closed captioning, which isn't easy or quick. Wanted to express my appreciation for that, because having captions on helps me concentrate and retain information. Thank you for producing all these high quality, informative videos. 140 FoundMyFitness Reply FoundMyFitness · 3 replies @warriorsrule9350 @warriorsrule9350 5 years ago (edited) If you watched this video, you qualify for 3 College credit hours. 141 FoundMyFitness Reply 5 replies @daveoatway6126 @daveoatway6126 6 years ago I really appreciate your interview technique - you let the guest talk, and then summarize and help expand the guest's points. Thank you! 100 Reply 1 reply @rahoulg1838 @rahoulg1838 5 years ago Rare to find a raw , unfiltered podcast that focuses on the science , without dumbing it down to pander to the audience. I didn't understand a lot of the cellular mechanisms entirely , but the numerous papers being cited, motivate me enough to find out. Dr Guido seems like on of the most knowledgeable persons I've seen on your podcast, its impressive to hear the breadth of his knowledge. P.S Spermidine in cheese in synergy with resveratrol in wine , would be interesting to see if this is a reason behind the French longevity paradox. 47 Reply 1 reply @jasocaz @jasocaz 1 year ago The way Dr. Kroemer pronounces autophagy is borderline ASMR. I could listen to 9 more hours of this. 2 Reply @derekrobbins6735 @derekrobbins6735 5 years ago Fantastic interview, even more remarkable when you think that English is the second language from Dr Kroemer! He speaks better English than most of us native speakers. I find that the people with the most knowledge and intelligence are very calm and don't let their emotions get involved with their answers. I didn't understand everything he was talking about but bit by bit, I am getting very interested in fasting and autophagy. When a man like Dr.Kroemer is on OMAD plus prolonged fasting, not to mention wine and cheese! That is good enough for me Thanks and keep them coming! 37 Reply @RobertMertensPhD @RobertMertensPhD 2 years ago (edited) Like at least one other commenter, down below, I fast 15 - 16 hours every day. My morning workout comes just before breakfast. Except, I've been doing this four years. I'm almost never hungry, no matter what time of day, and at 67, I don't have much gray hair (which is said to be caused by senescent cells around the hair follicles). As Dr. Ohsumi said in one of his lectures, during complete cellular autophagy, about half the cells consumed are healthy and about half are unhealthy (usually senescent). And as we all believe we know, senescent cells are the bad guys. The body keeps cells around that it would normally kill and eat. But if the body isn't hungry, it keeps these for a snack "later." Very often, "later" never arrives. I don't like working out after a meal, so I work out in the mornings, before breakfast, when my stomach is fairly down to empty. I always have tons of energy and more to spare. I'm also deeply engaged in a ketogenic diet (low carb, low protein, high fat). I'm surprised, over the last four years, that the more fat in my diet, the more weight I've lost. It also appears that, if you don't give your body enough energy to function, it will break down protein and turn it, essentially, into carbs. One day recently, after a bike ride, a friend pulled out some meaty treats (slim jim style - I said they look like doggie treats) and offered me some. I mansplained this to her and said, "you may as well be eating potato chips." She said, "Nu uh." I said, "Uh huh." And that went on a few rounds. But we know that carb burners need energy every two hours or they get hungry. Fat-adapted folk can go for a fairly long while (days, weeks, months) without food, and never get hungry. At the end of a 16 hour fast, you're burning fat (there are no carbs left in your stomach to burn). My most recent blood tests were pretty amazing, so I'm fairly enamored of this diet. I'm always eating the tastiest, fattest, richest, saltiest delicious diet imaginable (I use potassium-sodium 50-50 salt), with almost no carbs, and somewhat low protein. I only eat two meals a day and they're fairly small. I can't seem to fit a third meal (lunch) in. It's just breakfast and dinner. 4 Reply @ptrvideo @ptrvideo 4 years ago Top 10, or even 5 here Rhonda, this was an exceptional interview! There is beauty in science, you know how to waltz with intellects and match them step for step. There were so many "connect the dots" moments for me in this one, I'm sharing it far and wide, and coming back for the encore. Bravo, and many thanks to Guido for coming on, he clearly appreciated your considerate, intelligent interview style. So grateful for your work, thank you. 14 Reply @frankfromupstateny3796 @frankfromupstateny3796 5 years ago So....we now know...that beyond the Lysosome...that we've known about for 30 years...that we have an endometabolic mechanism to "clean ourselves out; intracellularly for our recapturing of said proteins/amino acids for the resequestering of our own reuse. This explains alot,....as related to our ability to fast for many days, weeks,...and even months when "food" is not available..or for our own 'desire' to readapt our inherent cellular mechanism back what may be stated as a "younger state". But... There's "no gain without pain" for most people. This appears to essentially be a good way to move into better health by individuals with the proper "notion, and then motivation and discipline". In other words....."go into a FASTing state,...and letting the bodies do their' work to clean, rebuild other "sound cells", and move onto a higher state of functioning. Finally, this pathway,....totally understood or not....appears to be of major interest to all athletes,....individuals trying to lose weight...or just get "reset to a better health standing"...without drugs or medical intervention; the costs, toxic side effects,.....time waste, or arguments with other medical individuals who have a vested interest into "the economic realities of massive drug interventions that deal only with symtomologies alone...and do nothing to reset our cell function". Many drugs will become obsolete with this realization! 5 Reply @mustavogaia2655 @mustavogaia2655 6 years ago For those who need the subtitles: 1 - they can be dragged to the top of the video (click, hold, drag) 2 - add fun to the video checking out how many ways the CC tries to transcribe autophagy. Ayway, given is a non-native english speaker, the CC are pretty acurate. I'm try and getting back here to improve the caption on the "a topher G" misspell. 9 FoundMyFitness Reply 1 reply @RiDankulous @RiDankulous 6 years ago This guy is the real deal. He's got 'skills to pay the bills'. 22 Reply 1 reply @Simon-pl2zi @Simon-pl2zi 5 years ago So it takes a minimum of 3 days of fasting before a meaningful level autophagy is activated. Interesting! 5 Reply 1 reply @Seasonednuts @Seasonednuts 6 years ago Great video! Have been following you since I came across your lecture on hypothermic conditioning and epigenetic mechanisms. You have a great way of expressing information so it's easily understood. I have put your science into practice and have seen tremendous results at 39. Eating 1 meal a day for 7 months I've lost 45lbs and gained a whopping 18lbs of lean muscle mass. After around 18hrs my t levels and igf-1 literally go through the roof so it feels. I hope you read this because I really want express my gratitude for your work and helping people. Great work Dr Patrick! 11 FoundMyFitness Reply @wildanS @wildanS 6 years ago Interesting, he's also eating once a day - just like Dr. Nun Amen Ra who claims to strongly induce autophagy by fasting 23h every day. I'm on his regiment for about 3 months now, but only recently with caloric restriction and I do notice several positive effects. 5 Reply @edgardosandoval9284 @edgardosandoval9284 5 years ago So coffe though out my fasts is ok??????? 9 Reply @jimvoth @jimvoth 6 years ago Nice job Dr. Patrick, your videos are getting better and better :) The extra multimedia inserts make these things so much easier to understand for the rest of us. 23 FoundMyFitness Reply @KijasFX @KijasFX 5 years ago 26:20. Interesting you ask about the Exercise while Fasting. I have been doing 16 hour fasting and find it great for energy (Mental) and weight loss (Fat). Personally I find it really efficient to exercise at the 14th hour for about 30-45 minute run and then eat around the 15-16 hr to break the fast. I no longer have a 3pm low energy and have been loosing weight this way. :) 16 Reply 2 replies @ecr-9341 @ecr-9341 4 years ago My thinking is that Dr. Patrick is pretty humble. I feel fortunate every time I watch one of her videos on whatever subject I have ‘searched out.’ She’s like a modern-day Leonardo DV that we get to watch on you.tube🇺🇸 3 Reply @heir5896 @heir5896 4 years ago (edited) Japanese scientiste Yoshinori Ohsumi has descovered the autophagy/self-eating or destruction, and he has obtained Nobel prize for that descovery which consist on how cells recycle their content. 3 Reply @anidobreva @anidobreva 5 years ago Yes, protein depletion has been tested on humans and protein deprivation has been practising for many years, but for the past 25 years in very large numbers at the sanatoriums of Dr Emilova in Bulgaria. Hundreds of thousands of people have been there fasting under doctors supervision and the data shows improving the health of all of them. You say here, we don't know. Yes, we do know. Its documented. And fasting could be done not only for more than 24 hours, but as long as 30 days eating fruits only. My own experience from it is also amazing. Of course fasting should always be done under doctors supervision as some conditions could get worse. 4 Reply @kengaskins5083 @kengaskins5083 1 year ago This was an excellent episode. What a brilliant mind, and a superb moderator/scientist asking all the right questions. Fascinating! 8 Reply @einnob @einnob 5 years ago 10:46 fasting-mimicking diet breakdown 4 Reply @the_notorious_bas @the_notorious_bas 5 years ago I would love to hear his vision about the effectiveness of dry-fasting 2 Reply @HuntforMusic @HuntforMusic 6 years ago 8:45 - so, as someone with T1 diabetes, every time I have a low blood sugar, I'm depriving my cells of glucose and therefore accelerating autophagy? If that's correct, then that's just one more depressing ballache about this disease =( 3 Reply @stevenlohman7839 @stevenlohman7839 2 years ago I love how this gives me so much information. How great it is to be living in a time with this much information out there and the difference between of opinions on this subject. It’s great!!! 2 Reply @yowandbm @yowandbm 3 years ago Only at 25:55 he got the first opportunity to get a glimpse at Rhonda's legs AND HE TOOK IT! What a tough man he fought it half an hour 😊 1 Reply @DanyelHawkes @DanyelHawkes 6 years ago This is one of the best interviews I've seen on this channel! Super comprehensive!!!! 4 Reply @helioliskfire5954 @helioliskfire5954 2 years ago I studied Biochemistry in college. If anything, all those many classes I attended a decade ago had let me, now, enjoy and follow this wonderful discussion. Even without fancy editing or diagrams, Dr. Kroemer talking so eloquently in his German accent more than makes up for it. Thank you for sharing. Reply @GueVonez @GueVonez 6 years ago Really appreciate the time you take to create the helpful diagrams/definitions in the video. Ive only done 2 semester of biochem so far hehe 26 FoundMyFitness Reply 1 reply @Simon-pl2zi @Simon-pl2zi 3 years ago 16:56 does intermittent fasting induce autophagy? 5 Reply @AB-ee5tb @AB-ee5tb 6 years ago I just finished an 8 day water fast 25 Reply 5 replies @JohnCamery @JohnCamery 4 years ago I found this interview extremely interesting, esp., about the importance of autophagy in using the immune system in the long term suppression of a cancer. 2 Reply @edolboyy @edolboyy 6 years ago Definitely watching this when I get out of work. Thank you Dr. Rhonda!!! 1 FoundMyFitness Reply @supernova1976 @supernova1976 6 years ago There is a study clearly showing IF is having the same effect on lowering igf1 as 4 day continues fasting once a month . Another amazing inligtining interview , thank you so much. 5 Reply 5 replies @phardim @phardim 5 years ago The 'M' in MToR is 'Mammalian'; it accounts for insulin and such in critters with complex cells, as opposed to yeast and such. Reply @gamblarinn @gamblarinn 6 years ago The quality of information and how it's presented is ridiculously good! I'm learning more here than in my Cellular biology class at University. 5 Reply @rpaiz87 @rpaiz87 2 years ago I would love to see the next chapter of testing and trails for this study that have accumulated since this interview. Hopefully Dr. Rhonda Patrick can sit down with Dr. Guido soon 🙌🏾💙🙌🏾 thank you for this 2 Reply @tomprovan6817 @tomprovan6817 4 years ago in her new book how to starve cancer jane maclland says autophagy can be a fuel for cancer and needs to be stopped as it acts as fuel for the cancer cell at certain periods of the process. The cancer cell uses autophagy when arginine is deprived it used glutimine 1 Reply @smartcatcollarproject5699 @smartcatcollarproject5699 6 years ago Very interesting to see an experiment showing that 1/2 days IF has the same effect in mouses as caloric restriction (although I'm not sure how many food they are fed all in all, 50%, 70% or 100% calories) ! I think this is the first time I hear about IF and a rise in life expectancy. Although I never heard about people doing this 1/2 IF... 5:2 IF sounds the closest fasting mode, maybe 4:3 would be better ? 16/8 sounds much less similar, as the 100% fasting period is much shorter... a whole day fast for a mouse would be the equivalent of several days of total fast for human. Of course there is no warranty the human body would react the same way as a mouse. 1 Reply @Encourageable @Encourageable 1 year ago I wish that in English we had one word for emotional stress and a separate word for physical stress. It can be muddy using the word in both capacities. Reply @deborahsimon1101 @deborahsimon1101 5 years ago I wish polyamines such as putrescine, spermine and spermidine were available as nutritional supplements. It's odd that they're not. I've seen spermine advertised on Amazon, but it's as a laboratory product, not a product intended for human consumption. 1 Reply @tylert4271 @tylert4271 6 years ago Dr Patrick, we would still LOVE for you to interview Dr Carolyn on magnesium! An hour talk with you two on magnesium... would juss be awesome! 4 Reply 1 reply @PFLEONARDI0906 @PFLEONARDI0906 2 years ago Thank you Dr. Rhonda and Dr. Guido. It was very rewarding experience in listening to this discussion. Additionally, the screen notes, slides, and time stamps greatly added to a greater understanding of the topics. I know the effort in producing such post discussion edits and addition of slides is huge effort. This does not go unnoticed and is greatly appreciated. It is unfortunate that other science discussions online do not employ nor engage the audience in such a professional and educational manner. Reply @betsywestbrook7169 @betsywestbrook7169 1 year ago Question what percentage of those that were starved ie held in captivity during wars lived to super centenarian age? Large populations have been starved in different periods in our history surely studying their lifespans would shed light on whether repeated dating is good for the body 1 Reply @ivanabeba @ivanabeba 6 years ago This became my favorite youtube channel in less than 24h, the best ever! Big hello from East Europe! 28 Reply FoundMyFitness · 2 replies @78anant420 @78anant420 2 years ago doesn't coffee induce visceral fat deposition ? 1 Reply @BeauSchutz @BeauSchutz 2 years ago Some years ago but, perhaps ask Mark Mattson about the potential for synergy of exercising while fasted for enhanced/increased autophagy Reply @nky746 @nky746 6 years ago love it rhonda! the timeline is an amazing addition by the way, love how you can bounce back and fourth between topics and revisit those that you want to study more 3 Reply @HuntforMusic @HuntforMusic 5 years ago 52:43 - so if I've got this right... If I stop eating for 2 weeks, run a marathon & then neck a celebratory bottle of red at the finish line then my autophagy levels will reach heights never before seen & I'll live forever? 1 Reply @theartificialsociety3373 @theartificialsociety3373 6 years ago So for standard caloric restriction, what would the weight be for a male 6ft (183cm) to get to the optimal state? Reply @marilynwashburn4480 @marilynwashburn4480 5 months ago I had such bad breakouts (often around my chin, jawline, neck) as my hormones began changing in my 40's. It was so aggravating, but things leveled out and my skin is usually clear now! Just in time for deeper wrinkles and sagging...😅 You're so young and gorgeous! I can't wait to try these techniques!❤ Reply @shopkedai @shopkedai 4 years ago Indeed a very enlightening explapnation of very complex subject. now I begin to understand why in some occasions we tend lose appetite or avoid foods when we are not well. 2 Reply @fastingforfertility1026 @fastingforfertility1026 4 years ago wow this guy is excellent. thank you so much for interviewing him!! 3 Reply @InSync3912 @InSync3912 1 year ago Rhonda, pls also consider recording a video on autophagy and virus infections. I have EBV virus, and available studies unfortunately show that fasting is not favourable in such environment 1 Reply @tahoon2009 @tahoon2009 2 years ago Huge thanks for you and your team offering the non-academic interested audience the latest progress on research, and these amazing illustration is pulling us to keep up, This channel offers one of the most professional and responsible content in this field; big thanks and respect 4 Reply @aneilmayank8423 @aneilmayank8423 6 years ago (edited) I would like to offer my sincere thanks for this incredible information. It was so interesting to listen to and extremely helpful. I am going to start implementing 3 days water fasts every month for the autophagy benefits now!! 6 Reply @bbraat @bbraat 1 year ago How can this possibly so interesting that I don't want to even pause it? Reply @privateerburrows @privateerburrows 5 years ago There is a type of natto that tastes perfectly fine, even good; it is black soybean natto. I don't know whether it is nutritionally different from regular natto; I'd be curious to know. It is the same mould that makes it, so probably it has nattokinase like normal natto. 1 Reply @indravadandave1616 @indravadandave1616 2 years ago SOME OF HABITS OF FASTING OR SEMIFASTING IS TO BE DEVELOPED SINCE CHILDHOOD SO BECOMES AHABIT WHEN YOU GET OLDER .IM INDIA A BRANCH NAMESD JAINS ARE TRAINED TO INTERMITTENT FASTING { ALMOST 1WEEK { FROM AGE OF 12 OR SO 1 Reply @rogerbird5665 @rogerbird5665 6 years ago What I care about most is what the good doctor is doing for himself. This what he really believes in; everything else is theory and scientific babble. Exercise, OMAD, two 5 day fasts per year, resveratrol, and coffee. And I am betting that a bitter green smoothie would work better than the coffee, but of course it has not yet been tested, so this would be only for those who can think for themselves and for whom such a tactic would appeal. 5 Reply 1 reply @JohnSmith-um4tv @JohnSmith-um4tv 3 years ago Fascinating and very important info! When protein management becomes dysregulated thanks to oxidative stress and insulin resistance you get everything from Kidney Stones to Alzheimers to Cataracts! A proper diet that's free of processed carbs should allow us to age much more gracefully with fewer complications. 2 Reply @TheListener01 @TheListener01 6 years ago I have an adrenal insufficiency -21 hydroxylate...to my understanding but I am wondering how much I should be limiting myself in relationship to fasting and inducing stress to this body with my underlying and possibly compromised immune system response? Reply @mikemccartneyable @mikemccartneyable 5 years ago Wow ..that was an amazing interview. I think I'm going to have to listen a few more times to absorb all this great information. 9 Reply @jozefgurzynski7380 @jozefgurzynski7380 1 year ago WOW! I mean... That was incredible! To have someone who knows the data so deeply and paired up with someone who knows all the right questions to ask. Even the point about coffee at the end, I thought "Dang, I only drink decaf, I wonder if it'll still be beneficial?" and then that data was given too. And all the information to cover the vocab as the video progressed, the sources and the diagrams! If schooling was taught like this, we'd all be geniuses by the time of high school graduation! I need more of this level of education. So informative, and useful and backed by science. Than you Rhonda! And thank you Dr. Guido Kroemer. This was amazing! I'll start to add some more of those things into my lifestyle; I'm currently on a prolonged fast and wanted to get more information about the benefits to keep me on track. I definitely need to make this a more regular part of my lifestyle! 1 Reply @Nicky_Biggz @Nicky_Biggz 1 year ago I don't even consider a 14 hour fast mentionable as a fast. 1 Reply @11BDUBS @11BDUBS 1 year ago I would love to know his (or Rhonda’s) opinion on the optimal extended fast to maximize autophagy?? 5 days seems to be the consensus among experts, but as it’s not measurable isn’t that speculative. I see no reason why 7 days isn’t “better” for most or at least many people. particularly this with immune system issues ? . Thanks again. Guido’s awesome! Thrilled about his coffee comments! 2 Reply 2 replies @augustbernard3396 @augustbernard3396 3 years ago Thank you so much! So much time you must have spent putting all of this together. Pro tip:I watch this on my phone and tablet at the same time so I can pause the pictures and articles. Probably because I’m slow and need more autophagy in my life. 2 Reply @kelseybrennan3127 @kelseybrennan3127 6 years ago This is so fascinating!!! I'm definitely going to try to start a small fasting group with my friends to do 3 or 4 day fasts. Can't wait for more details to be researched. Mitochondrial biogenesis hollaaaaa 2 Reply @phardim @phardim 5 years ago (edited) The on-screen footnotes are a nice touch. 1 Reply @BobbyToGo @BobbyToGo 6 years ago Thank you for all you are doing, DRP! This stuff is SUPER IMPORTANT. I've been listening to a good bit from Dr. Thomas Seyfried as of late, too. Reply @jlvandat69 @jlvandat69 4 years ago Another excellent interview, Dr. Patrick. You maximized this opportunity! Thanks so much to both Docs, and soon I'll be supporting at Patreon. 2 Reply @ketolomics @ketolomics 6 months ago Please revisit autophagy! A lot of great work over the past 5 years suggests sustained physiological ketosis upregulates autophagic activity. While this always made sense as a hypothesis, the emerging work adds concrete evidence. Such an interesting area of research. Reply @j.hanleysmith8333 @j.hanleysmith8333 6 years ago Amazing! I started it over right after it finished playing. Thanks Dr. Patrick 1 FoundMyFitness Reply @ritafong8587 @ritafong8587 5 years ago Dr.Patrick is one of the best interviewers. Fantastic information. Keep up the good work! 1 Reply @Velatoget1 @Velatoget1 6 years ago Maybe I haven't heard it yet- but do you not consume any form of dandelions? The leaves are incredibly nutritious, the roots are great as well. I'd love to hear you talk about them :) 2 Reply @Peekaboo-Kitty @Peekaboo-Kitty 8 months ago Studies have shown that excessive Autophagy may kill cells in the Heart. Scientists have linked excessive Autophagy to some Heart problems. 1 Reply @maschinenraum @maschinenraum 5 years ago so i guess when i comes to introduce autophagy as fast as possible it is perfect to be on a ketogenic diet, where the glyogen fuel is already cut off. so i guess it is just down to the aminoacid pool to get empty so that the autophagy starts. in january i did one meal a day on keto (being on keto for a year) and i lost 1kg of weight per week without being hungry and i think a also got a little bit younger. but in february i boosted it by sometimes eating every other day or even every third day and sometimes also doing a dry fast for two or three days. i don't do much exercise but my running performance significantly improved in that month (without doing much exercise in between!) i do not plan to eat more then one meal a day for the next half year. and i hope i can do more three day (dry) fasts. the outcome is fantastic. my skin gets much better and my energy level also gets better. well i have to do that anyway because i lost 25kg of weight in the last year, completely reversed my diabetes typ 2 and i still need to again lose 25kg to get to my ideal goal weight and have nice 6-pack abs. and i guess the autophagy is a good way of tightening my skin. i think i am on the right track here, because i would just do carbohydrate calorie restriction with three meals a day i would be hungry and therefor angry all day and at the end i would look like an empty old bag instead of a fresh tight young boy :-) 3 Reply 2 replies @deepajain1626 @deepajain1626 4 years ago I listened twice and rewound, several complex sections and was still left a bit confused at the end. But in another Dr. Patrick video, they noted even black coffee starts metabolic processing, so it isn't truly fasting. Anyone comment on this distinction please? 2 Reply 1 reply @phardim @phardim 5 years ago How is autophagy qualified in terms of testing available to Joe Public? 1 Reply @kiltedcripple @kiltedcripple 6 years ago I'm going to start watching these videos with a notebook. God damn I love this channel! Thank you for making me smarter for free Dr Patrick, I and my family appreciate it very much. 19 FoundMyFitness Reply 3 replies @sohaibsalama2657 @sohaibsalama2657 5 years ago add the new video plaesse Reply @poosta7 @poosta7 6 years ago Dr. Patrick: Please look into Resistant Starch - how to increase amts by cooking and refrigerating pasta, rice, etc. then refrigerating and reheating to eat. Especially how RS influences our microbiome ecology and products. 2 Reply 3 replies @rsweiner08 @rsweiner08 4 years ago This was an amazing presentation!! It really helped connect the dots on how these mechanisms can dictate the outcomes in health and disease. I would certainly be interested in your thoughts on his personal regimen of prolonged fasting, exercise and diet. You are doing a great service to all of us. 2 Reply @TopSpinWilly @TopSpinWilly 6 years ago 21:26 Autophagy activated at 6 years of 30% calorie restriction...I thought autophagy was a regular thing for any healthy person to clean up the body. 1 Reply @phardim @phardim 5 years ago If IGF-1 signals catabolism, isn't it odd to call it a growth factor? Reply @cttofr @cttofr 6 years ago Amazing interview!! Touched on so many subjects and questions about autophagy in regards to intermittent fasting. Blown away by the details and I look forward to the progress of this amazing subject. Reply @Bshipbuilder @Bshipbuilder 4 years ago (edited) Alright, so many reasons to eat Natto, but boy is it tough to swallow. Can we get a culinary wizard in on this issue? 1 Reply @phardim @phardim 5 years ago Is amino acid catabolism the pathway for protein gluconeogenesis? Reply @verazheleznyak2040 @verazheleznyak2040 6 years ago (edited) Great information as always! Thank you! I have just started eating natto for its K2 content, but I had no idea about another compound such a spermidin. It is so fascinating! It might create a shortage of natto ...lol Reply @Spencerwforman @Spencerwforman 6 years ago Thanks for producing such amazing videos. I have a questions about pregnancy and breast feeding. I feel like science around diet and 'extreme' diets is lacking. Does fasting reduce milk production? Yes... Does a compound that mimicks fasting or a keto diet affect milk production? Shrug. My wife is breast feeding and I would love a video like these to help explain the benefits or side effects of intermittent fasting, low carb, sauna use or eating a bunch of saphanophane (sp. broccoli compound) or spermadine rich foods. Reply @maxipaw-dc5xj @maxipaw-dc5xj 3 years ago Religion and nutrition have so much in common, so many contradictions, finding the truth is so hard 2 Reply @klf33 @klf33 5 years ago Not sure if this was asked before, but have you changed your point of view on Coffee and fasting and autophagy? I am curious! 1 Reply @TopSpinWilly @TopSpinWilly 6 years ago Would not PSA doubling rate (re-occurrence) that my doctors are watching now be a marker of progress or not? The Dr.s use it as the supreme marker. seems simple. Reply @martashea159 @martashea159 2 years ago Can this help someone with hep C virus? Reply @Tedrins @Tedrins 4 years ago (edited) Hi Dr Patrick I was wondering what you think of the 'Snake Diet' which includes an intermittent fasting lifestyle. Is it safe to drink water with these ingredients while fasting? Will true autophagy occur? The creator of the diet says you lose too many electrolytes while fasting for longer periods like 48,72, or more hours. He says you need to replace lost salts and potassium while fasting or you will feel shaky. 'SNAKE JUICE' Water RECIPE Per 2 Liter H20: (Evian bottled water recommended because of PH) *drink less than 2L per day of the bottled water mixture* Potassium Chloride Powder = 2 tsp (4700 mg) ---(No Salt brand or Windsor salt free) Himalayan Pink Salt = 1 tsp (2,000 mg/L) Organic lemon Juice - 8 Tbs per day Organic apple cider vinegar - 4 Tbs per day 7 Reply 1 reply @rkuehhas @rkuehhas 5 years ago Dr. Rhonda Patrick I'd love to hear more on Virophagy 1 Reply @pookienumnums @pookienumnums 6 years ago You're looking well! The world needs the info you help share, tyvm for your efforts! Reply @IvanBFit @IvanBFit 6 years ago (edited) Dr. Patrick, at 29:35, when it's noted that nutrient deprivation stimulates autophagy is this referring to macro or micro nutrient deprivation? it would seem to me that this is referring to macronutrient deprivation and in particular protein. I believe this because as aforementioned, protein restriction in particular is a potent stimulus of autophagy and there are studies showing certain antioxidants stimulate autophagy, which is indicative of micronutrient adequacy potentially further augmenting autophagy? I also think that exercise induced nutrient deprivation could be role player in autophagy, in particular when caloric intake doesn't neutralize the caloric expenditure from exercise, leaving one in an​ exercise induced caloric deficit. Reply FoundMyFitness · 1 reply @akuma2892 @akuma2892 6 years ago This is just brilliant. 9 FoundMyFitness Reply @TheboysandMauriceAdventures @TheboysandMauriceAdventures 2 years ago Felt like I graduated in harvard university after watching this😂 Reply @louisj.marciano2562 @louisj.marciano2562 2 years ago Tell me that intelligence isn’t cool. He’s brilliant and so is she…. She responds to each of his individual theses with a brief synopsis designed to punctuate what has been said she then asks a poignant question that is a progression of the thesis just discussed. This requires her to be operating on the same intellectual level as the guru himself and what about his vocabulary. Not a single throwaway word as he speaks in a language other than his first…. Incredible stuff!!!! Reply @AnaMariaDragoi @AnaMariaDragoi 5 years ago It's fantastic and I couldn't be more thankful that you,special person, share with the whole community such infinitetly valuable informations. It's remarcable that you share whole interviews full of awesome infos,my deepest regards for all your work and for sharing it with us. I wish you all the best! 2 Reply @CancerTherapy @CancerTherapy 1 year ago I would to shore our discoveries a Cancer Survivor ! 2 Reply @bibilove6277 @bibilove6277 5 years ago Thank you so much for this interview and for the breakdown. Reply @paulperez6167 @paulperez6167 4 years ago His accent automatically gives him more credibility. Great interview! 9 Reply 2 replies @D56t37-cu7ol @D56t37-cu7ol 6 years ago You're really knockin us out with these videos... It's exciting and I'm grateful that you post them. Thank you 1 FoundMyFitness Reply FoundMyFitness · 2 replies @milokelley5550 @milokelley5550 6 years ago I'm interested in learnign how long the autophagy process takes once the stressed cell begins the process? Where can i find this information? 1 Reply 1 reply @benevolentdictator2315 @benevolentdictator2315 4 years ago Its very difficult for me to cognitively induce or restrict mitosis on trillions of my cells. How they heck am I to now induce all the different types of autophagy? I won't have time to eat anything, now or later. By the time I get this figured out, the next phase of published research will contradict all this. Call me when they make a pill Reply @negvey @negvey 1 year ago wow thanks for writing down the biology terms as he was describing this stuff, I really do appreciate that very helpful! 1 Reply @baskastofficial @baskastofficial 5 years ago at minute 7 the text says „low amino acid levels activate mTOR“ - which is wrong. it should read „inhibit“. of course, dr patrick knows this ...... and stated it correctly in the interview Reply FoundMyFitness · 1 reply @tomjudd305 @tomjudd305 4 years ago Nicely done, even though most has gone over my uneducated head love how you add illustration and definitions et al.Having to educate myself having been recently diagnosed with cll and given NO advice on exercise, diet,just wait and see is the standard. Keep up your good work.Thanx 1 Reply @realjayjobes1849 @realjayjobes1849 6 years ago RHONDA!! Could you please look into the long-term effects of plant estrogen sources on males/females? If you haven't heard there's a big myth or concern in the vegan/bodybuilding community that soy estrogen specifically causes males to produce more estrogen than normal, actually grow "soy boobs" and act more emotionally irrational. I've even seen it go as far as someone stating Asian people don't have this effect because their soy gets fermented and Americans just process it. I've just had your voice in my head at 1.5x speed the past three days (on youtube) and I want to hear more stuff you know lolol. Reply @takmaps @takmaps 5 years ago I'm waiting to see one doctor with a belly talking about autophagy lol Reply @JoeKickass324 @JoeKickass324 6 years ago Hi, U just subscribed but was wonder where's your guide or protocol for Sauna/Cold. What temperature do you recommend and when to do it? and for which goals like Hypertrophy, Fatloss, or Endurance Reply 1 reply @Trendle222 @Trendle222 6 years ago personally from what i feel in my body, it takes about 18-24 hours with no food at all to ellicit autophagy, and thats just when it starts. i can "feel" my body burning its fat and i become mentally 'sharper" usually around 18-20hours or so with no food and it kicks in. So my feeling is that we should fast for 24-36hours on a regular basis (twice a week or so) to reap fantastic health benefits and thats what ive been doing lately. ive lost 50lbs (doing this off and on for a few months) and i feel much better and sleep better and my anxiety issues have gone 99% away ! basically look at it realistically, if you eat a big meal , it stays in stomach 3-8hours or so depending on the crap you ate lol, hell sometimes up too 12hours.... then it has to go through 20 feet of your intestines! so if you dont eat in 18hours or so, thats not that big a deal! wtf, your good for 36-48+ hours really. Not like your gonna starve... Give your body a chance to heal itself (Autophagy) Screw eating every 2-3hours, thats BS....I find Dr Rhonda and her vids very fascinating and informative! She is totally right about all this and i love really finding out how it all works in the microscopic level, very interesting ! Well Done Rhonda =) 14 Reply 2 replies @rhyothemisprinceps1617 @rhyothemisprinceps1617 6 years ago In defense of natto: When I found out about the benefits of natto (spermidine, vitamin K2 - some people tout nattokinase, don't know much about that) I went to the Asian grocery store and bought a frozen packet containing three servings. The first time I tried it I was grossed out. The second time I ate it, it was okay. By the third try, I liked it. I'm a big fan of spicy mustard (Coleman's), so that helped a lot. Now I make my own natto and eat it regularly. If you like strong flavors (especially aged cheeses), give it a chance. You might actually like it. 8 Reply 3 replies @AlteroCoach @AlteroCoach 5 years ago Thank you for such an insightful interview and information! Durian was mentioned. Just curious how this "king of fruit" can influence our health. I know it's very complex and rich food but that agent producing strong smell as I've heard in this interview could have some benefits (or not). I'm sorry that I didn't get it clear from this video. 2 Reply 1 reply @rui-9-cs315 @rui-9-cs315 3 years ago 💕💕💕 Reply @martinsinclair177 @martinsinclair177 4 years ago Rhonda, I haven't heard you speak yet about the carnivore diet. I am doing carnivore plus warrior. I call it wolverine diet. What is your take on it? Reply 1 reply @Cyberplayer5 @Cyberplayer5 2 years ago 9:00 Interesting use of the word "punked" Dr Guido was using. Reply @thisisspartacus @thisisspartacus 6 years ago Does creatine (or a buffered creatine like kre-alkalyn) which increases ATP interfere or inhibit autophagy (even in a fasted state)? I'm also confused by the "protein deacetylation" term as being a necessary precursor for autophagy--what is protein deacetylation? Reply 2 replies @jhwwebster7273 @jhwwebster7273 6 years ago Congratulations on the baby! You look beautiful. 35 Reply 2 replies @dkvikingkd233 @dkvikingkd233 6 years ago Love your videos:) Any opinions on the supplement D Ribose? Reply 1 reply @odinh89 @odinh89 6 years ago Rhonda could you please help clear up my current confusion with fasting. I've listened to your interviews with Ruth Patterson, Valter Longo and Dr Satchin Panda. In each of these interviews it's mentioned that your fast needs to be a water fast only for the autophagy affects. But Dr. Guido Kroemer mentions that black coffee while fasted will actually help increase the autophagy affect. Am i correct with this? Reply FoundMyFitness · 1 reply @phardim @phardim 5 years ago What about senescent cells? Reply 1 reply @wizardatmath @wizardatmath 1 year ago Would love to know the effect of autophagy on pufa. Reply @4406bbldb @4406bbldb 1 year ago My goodness, I just realized he says it’s activated by starvation. I don’t think I like that cause I’m fat adapted and have no starvation symptoms at least in the 4 days I have fasted. I think the absence of glucose is the target for me. I’m still learning but I’m listening. Reply 1 reply @sukapeenuss2810 @sukapeenuss2810 6 years ago spermadine found in sperm is a great anti aging treatment! I've got to get my wife to buy into this! 4 Reply @summerman2 @summerman2 1 year ago How long does autophagy stage last when fasting? Starts 2 to 4 days into fast but when does it end? Will it continue for 5 10 30 days? 1 Reply 1 reply @nternalPractice @nternalPractice 1 year ago Does anyone know if Dr. Guido Kroemer drinks his coffee black when fasting? 1 Reply 1 reply @Baby-hh8kx @Baby-hh8kx 6 years ago Great video. Is one breaking a fast when they take thyroid hormone replacement? Reply FoundMyFitness · 1 reply @TheDenisedrake @TheDenisedrake 6 years ago I can eat cheese and red wine once a day?!?! Feel like I've just won the lottery! 23 Reply 12 replies @nightdipper5178 @nightdipper5178 1 year ago (edited) If you fast or restrict your intake while training (Bicycle racing for example) you will end up pissing brown. The "brown" is your muscles breaking down to be used as fuel, very bad. Pick one extended hard exercise or starve. Don't do both at the same time. Reply @levijaeger1181 @levijaeger1181 5 years ago What about practising both intermittent fasting and caloric restriction? E.g., consuming under two thousand calories in a four hour window? Would there be multiplicative benefit or am I wasting my time? 1 Reply 2 replies @bobcocampo @bobcocampo 10 months ago Any new update? Reply @prashanthkotamraju @prashanthkotamraju 2 years ago Very nice interview. Is it possible to develop gallstones because of intermittent fasting or 3 to 4 days water fast? 1 Reply 2 replies @mikejohnson7768 @mikejohnson7768 7 months ago Real smooth way of asking Rhonda out for a drink doc! Reply @johngoh767 @johngoh767 9 months ago Prof. Kroemer, I’m on 16:8 Intermittent fasting since 2019 and I was told that unless I fast at least 17 hours my body would not induce autophagy. If that is the case my 16:8 hrs fasting method since 2019 has gone to waste because I was hoping to benefit from autophagy. Yes or no at least 17 hours of fasting to induce autophagy? Reply 1 reply @SavageStephen @SavageStephen 2 years ago now this is totally an epic poggers moment Reply @t.stevequach5131 @t.stevequach5131 1 year ago Hi Rhonda. Love your video!. Do you know what is the best supplement brand of spermidine? or How do you increased your spermidine intake naturally? Reply @kellymcclary9379 @kellymcclary9379 1 year ago Thank you both..I could not stop watching. Very enlightening Reply @humblerojo6300 @humblerojo6300 11 months ago So much info here!! Each time stamp could be expanded into another stand alone video series. I have to say, I still cringe every time people use the phrase “caloric restriction” as if all calories (wether fat or carbohydrates) metabolize to energy the same. They’re assuming humans and animals are calorimeters. Also, far too many researchers incorrectly assume that ketogenesis is not a normal state of human metabolism and that ketones cannot be our primary source of energy. Let’s at least be sure to correct researchers who claim that a low carb diet is up to 20% of calories from carbohydrate when in fact a low carb diet should be closer to 5% or at least low enough to encourage lipolysis and maintenance of a low level of serum ketones. Reply @amyatkinson7277 @amyatkinson7277 6 years ago Could it be that in humans, when you actually feel hungry that autophagy is occurring. In people of course who are already slim and have done fasting so are used to it.. Reply 2 replies @andywilson5677 @andywilson5677 6 years ago What an awesome guy. I gotta start drinking coffee now. 2 Reply @Penabby @Penabby 5 years ago ok so can I fast and still take fats, ie coconut oil and butter in my coffee and activate autophagy? 1 Reply 2 replies @cdawgmetal @cdawgmetal 6 years ago Hi Dr. Rhonda am very concerned with my sleeping lately I've been Intermittent fasting for 3.5 years now, been doing a general 16/8 fast schedule eating mostly keto until dinner. I seem to be waking up around 2-3 am everyday for at least 6-10 months now if not longer. I feel great and rested everyday but am super concerned with the fact I can not sleep more than 5 hours, and we all know how important 7-8 hours sleep is. Am I no longer in need of 8 hours sleep? or should I be concerned with deficiencies? I've been obsessing with what i may be missing nutritionally, magnesium, vitamin D, Zinc nothing seems to be getting me a full 8 hours straight sleep. Your thoughts? 3 Reply 6 replies @chimz1310 @chimz1310 1 year ago This is wonderfully done Thank you Dr. Rhonda you’re amazing! Reply @edwardbanegas2153 @edwardbanegas2153 3 years ago I love these videos but can somebody sum it up for me my ADD kicks in and I can't keep following Reply 1 reply @alexmcmahon2810 @alexmcmahon2810 1 year ago This man is a wizard. Reply @nightwish6388 @nightwish6388 2 years ago Guido? Reply @Simon-pl2zi @Simon-pl2zi 5 years ago this is such a great video! thank you so much. Reply @mehmetpazar3225 @mehmetpazar3225 1 year ago (edited) New findings is more promising. NO NEED TO FAST FOR AUTHOPAGY.50 TO 70 percent moderate to high aerobic exercises is good enough. Reply @volvaheidrbores663 @volvaheidrbores663 5 years ago ThANKH you :) Reply @AB-ee5tb @AB-ee5tb 5 years ago Eat once a day. You can drink plain coffee and tea throughout the day. Once a year don’t eat for a week. 22 Reply 6 replies @masonryjoe @masonryjoe 6 years ago I love your vids Dr Rhonda and congrats on the beautiful baby on the way ! Did you dig up any more info on spermidine and the strains of bacteria yourself and the good Dr were talking about ? Reply FoundMyFitness · 2 replies @michelr657 @michelr657 6 years ago when I listen to these videos that are full of science (and anecdotes) - wow , these people are knowledgable (?) but I'm reminded of the term 'nutritionism' coined by Michael Pollen in 'IN DEFENSE OF FOOD' . just going over all these types of lectures for myself just messes me up more than a mc Donalds happy meal... so I remain plant based - a little of that a little of this and no extreme supplements nor excercise. I was a powerlifter for much of my life now that injuries have sidelined me (I'm 60 now) I'm a lot healthier and feel better. BTW I hope to get back lifting but accordingly to my age Reply 5 replies @Pyriphlegeton @Pyriphlegeton 6 years ago Very interesting talk, thank you. 4 Reply @IvorMektin1701 @IvorMektin1701 6 years ago Hey! My five day bulletproof coffee fast wasn't such a bad idea! 3 Reply 15 replies @11BDUBS @11BDUBS 1 year ago Awesome interview as usual Rhonda. I’ve been a huge Valter Longo fan for about 7 years and Guido is the only expert I would put in his leaug 1 Reply 1 reply @Encourageable @Encourageable 1 year ago 35.25 Reply @adamlittle8950 @adamlittle8950 2 years ago Nice, now which class should I take at UBC to study this? Reply @ant9228 @ant9228 3 years ago This is the best page I’ve ever discovered Reply @andylyon3867 @andylyon3867 2 years ago Forget all this crap. I dry fast a total of 30 days mostly in winter. Good and done. Reply @georgewachsmuth9201 @georgewachsmuth9201 5 years ago Another excellent video. Thank you. Reply @jameslennox6585 @jameslennox6585 6 years ago Coffee = good, Wine = good, Cheese = good. Got it ;) 7 Reply 2 replies @druefit7856 @druefit7856 6 years ago Awesome video, very informative! 4 Reply @Adiudicium-1776 @Adiudicium-1776 4 years ago Great interview, thank you both! 1 Reply @fysiologik @fysiologik 6 years ago You look Amazing Dr Rhonda... #superbaby 8 FoundMyFitness Reply @testinginstruments7785 @testinginstruments7785 1 year ago Wonderful interview for improving one’s health and slow aging. Thanks very much. 1 Reply @JesusofNazarethKingoftheJews @JesusofNazarethKingoftheJews 4 years ago feel bad for all those mice Reply @anthonylanza6860 @anthonylanza6860 3 years ago Amazing. One of the best things for your body is free. 1 Reply @TheOriginalComments @TheOriginalComments 6 years ago This is incredible. I just finished high school and I can understand the key points of this talk. Incredible 2 Reply 1 reply @HendrikGriffioen @HendrikGriffioen 6 years ago As always, an excellent in-depth video, thank you Rhonda! How to induce autophagy without fasting or caloric restriction? Ron Rosedale wrote a paper on that: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2831640/ . When you keep the nutrient sensors insulin, leptin and mTOR low with a ketogenic diet, you fool your body into believing that you are experiencing a famine. Thereby upregulating repair mechanisms like DNA repair, autophagy, intracellular antioxidants, heat shock proteins. The only fast I do is a digital fast, one day a week unplugged. Love it! Congratulations Rhonda! Are you going to store the placenta like you did with your wisdom teeth? :) Greetings FoundMyFitness Reply FoundMyFitness · 2 replies @bernadettebecher4689 @bernadettebecher4689 1 year ago Wow- lots of great info here. Thank you for this interview. Reply @dalekriens1397 @dalekriens1397 5 years ago This should be taught in-school at some level... 5 Reply 2 replies @karolinaks4192 @karolinaks4192 6 years ago Congratulations on your pregnancy!! wish you all the best!! 3 FoundMyFitness Reply @superguero69 @superguero69 4 years ago Could ketosis in a fastened state indicate autophagy? 1 Reply 2 replies @hmmmwhat7207 @hmmmwhat7207 4 years ago Thank you. Reply @rationalmuscle @rationalmuscle 6 years ago Great stuff, as usual. And btw, pregnancy becomes you! Congratulations to you both. 1 Reply @bagelstruth9313 @bagelstruth9313 6 years ago This guy 2 Reply @knuckleheads1313 @knuckleheads1313 6 years ago Yes I do love theses podcasts 1 Reply @021942292 @021942292 6 years ago Preggess!!!! Congratulations 😀👍 Reply @SheikhAlladeen @SheikhAlladeen 2 years ago those bac strains are dangerous Reply @erjkism @erjkism 5 years ago what type of cheeses is he talking about? Reply 1 reply @intofreedom4479 @intofreedom4479 1 year ago This is fantastic information thank you so much for making all this knowledge so easily available! Reply @umnachtet5229 @umnachtet5229 4 years ago This guy knows his stuff 1 Reply @mikejohnson7768 @mikejohnson7768 7 months ago He reminds me of me uncle Cyril Reply @aaronmaheu2188 @aaronmaheu2188 5 years ago This was amazing Reply @clairebennett9104 @clairebennett9104 1 year ago (edited) Remove The [[E]] From Kro (e) mer ___________________________^ What Do You Get? 1 Reply 3 replies @denismguitar1552 @denismguitar1552 4 years ago awesome geeky informative motivating discussion. Thank you. 1 Reply @kelseybrennan3127 @kelseybrennan3127 6 years ago She looks so beautiful and glowing. It is amazing she still has so much drive and energy to do this kind of interview while being pregnant. As a 22 yr old grad student in agronomy, I am so inspired by her to work harder and excel more in my field. 3 Reply @silkhead44 @silkhead44 5 years ago high dose NAC inhibits MTOR 1 Reply 1 reply @jennyelenihealth @jennyelenihealth 3 months ago Excellent interview! Thank you. Have you re-interviewed Guido again since then, with more recent advances in his research? Thank you. Greetings fro Australis. Reply @bolocabrera8445 @bolocabrera8445 5 years ago will smoking weed deactivate autophagy? 1 Reply 1 reply @TheTattlerTaleStrangler @TheTattlerTaleStrangler 1 year ago I say this very cautiously, but this might suggest humans could extend our lifespans by 20-40 years by going on a 15 day fast once a month. As crazy as that sounds, mammals are more likely to be similar than not, but I hope we find out more. Reply 5 replies @TopSpinWilly @TopSpinWilly 6 years ago Would not PSA doubling rate (re-occurrence) that my doctors are watching now be a marker of progress or not? The Dr.s use it as the supreme marker. seems simple. Reply @nevillepillay1755 @nevillepillay1755 4 years ago This professor is awsome cool guy Reply @michaelmichael819 @michaelmichael819 1 year ago Simply a great podcast. Kind Regards, michael Reply @lmanaraovaniggalla9098 @lmanaraovaniggalla9098 4 years ago Good subject. Thanks Dr.👍👍 Reply @jessewhite516 @jessewhite516 1 year ago Excellent. Thank you. Reply @Volta1100 @Volta1100 5 years ago .... lots of bro science here... 🤣🤣🤣 Just kidding... one of the best interviews ever!!! Thanx a lot!!! 😉 Reply @engin7787 @engin7787 4 years ago What a wonderful interview with Dr.Guido Kroemer ! Reply @workwillfreeyou @workwillfreeyou 5 years ago Rhonda, you will still be a knockout when you are 60 years old. 2 Reply 1 reply @traianima @traianima 4 years ago This why youtube is great. Thank you Reply @mrcadoia @mrcadoia 6 years ago You look great Rhonda. and love your videos. thank you. FoundMyFitness Reply @verafab @verafab 1 year ago Thank you so much Reply @christopherellis2663 @christopherellis2663 4 years ago (edited) Excellent information! I would like to point out that the Resveratrol is found in 🍇 grapeskins, which is why it shows up in red, not white, wine 🍷, thus, the risks of alcohol may be avoided. Carry on! 🐶 5 Reply @natesofamerica @natesofamerica 6 years ago This is great stuff but I don't understand the claim that they can't find willing volunteers to test on humans. There are a ton of motivated people out there willing to help answer the questions of how fasting affects humans. There's an entire society of them. There's a ton more at longecity and a ton more just everywhere. It's not that they can't find willing subjects, it's that they won't. 1 Reply FoundMyFitness · 4 replies @rosangelaserra4552 @rosangelaserra4552 5 years ago Husband don't like when wife suddenly changes hair color after becoming preggo. Red alert triggers. Reply @jordanwillson7218 @jordanwillson7218 5 years ago I don't get how everyone's talking about caloric restriction and fasting, but never goes into how some of us should SURVIVE a lifestyle like that. If I restrict my caloric intake by even 25%, I'm gonna lose weight and eventually... well, die?! 1 Reply @Peekaboo-Kitty @Peekaboo-Kitty 8 months ago People today think that even 20 minutes of not eating is Fasting! 😆 Reply @Ath33na @Ath33na 5 years ago IT is funny to me when yu were interviewing dr. Longo who actually could answer your questions on when autophagy began, you did not listen to him and now you are asking a man who has not done that perticular research. You also ask him if he knew what stimulated the onset of autphagy. Dr. Longo answered those quetions. You might want t watch his videos when reviewed by people who let him talk more. HE said that in order for the autophagy to begin first the liver must mark the cells to be eaten which occurs after all glucose has been depleted. Once all glucose is removed which typically occurs after day 2 then on day 3 the liver marks the cells as keepers or eaters... then when all of this is marked cells is completed the body begins to eat both fat and the marked cells. 4 Reply @HAMILTONPROVIDEO @HAMILTONPROVIDEO 4 years ago Waaaay over my head 1 Reply @bombom-Happy @bombom-Happy 1 year ago goodvibesthanksdocwashhands Reply @atmanand5802 @atmanand5802 10 months ago 🥗Dhanyavaad Ji🌏Tat Tvam Asi📿Aham Brahmasmi💖🌈🌟🌕👁🌅🕉 Reply @ailst @ailst 6 years ago Can you try to get Dr. Nun Amen Ra as guest? 14 Reply 12 replies @seanmoffitt1190 @seanmoffitt1190 1 year ago So good Reply @ravon1982 @ravon1982 8 months ago How lucky are we man. great interview Reply @saifalarabi4491 @saifalarabi4491 3 years ago So valuable channel ... Thanks for the video Reply @jonathanmagic5633 @jonathanmagic5633 1 year ago I understood all of this, LOL. Reply @robertlevi3202 @robertlevi3202 3 months ago I'd volunteer Reply @danthadon87 @danthadon87 4 years ago Mice are the epitome of savages. Reply @tosvarsan5727 @tosvarsan5727 2 years ago Amazing video, really Reply @MikiTheMighty @MikiTheMighty 6 years ago So, Should one be doing I.F. for health? Reply 2 replies @jandobrik5831 @jandobrik5831 1 year ago Your best guest (and A.Huberman) Reply @billytheweasel @billytheweasel 6 years ago Baby bump! grats Dr Rhonda 2 FoundMyFitness Reply @threeone6012 @threeone6012 6 years ago Have 5 baby! No more, no less. Reply @rui-9-cs315 @rui-9-cs315 3 years ago who would give thumps down while a lady trying her best to educate people with the latest science ...😑 Reply @Amlantube1 @Amlantube1 4 years ago That baby will invent cure for cancer Reply 1 reply @hertsengland @hertsengland 5 years ago The treatment of animals in experiments is just so wrong, thankfully we have organisations like Animal Free Research UK changing things. Mice eating each other because they are so hungry will be a thing of the past soon, and every cage will be empty. 1 Reply 3 replies @bxnxjmin @bxnxjmin 1 year ago Does this come in English? Lol 1 Reply @sumerbabylon7069 @sumerbabylon7069 4 years ago So their conclusion of Autophagy, is to eat once a day? lmao thats no good... Reply 2 replies @saintclaire1201 @saintclaire1201 3 years ago (edited) So far the study is just on animals. Did they start any test to human cells, if so where's the update? Reply 1 reply @bhartley1024 @bhartley1024 5 years ago Who in their right mind is downvoting this? 3 Reply @sabupurushothamankochupara2860 @sabupurushothamankochupara2860 4 years ago Dr Rhonda Patrick is sooo cute.. Thank you for the interview. Worth watching Reply @gordonbooth3881 @gordonbooth3881 2 years ago So sounds a vegan diet is best 🤔 Reply 1 reply @barabbas57 @barabbas57 3 years ago mmmm...He Lost Me. Reply @chaba49 @chaba49 5 years ago Great video but I fell asleep after 15 min Reply 1 reply @sterlingforbes3872 @sterlingforbes3872 1 year ago Can I save a few bucks on spermidine by consuming my own sperm? Half humor/ Half serious. Great video btw! 1 Reply 3 replies @markwestfall9816 @markwestfall9816 5 years ago wow ts been awhile your pregnant ,so awesome. Reply @pains1956 @pains1956 1 year ago can anynody ell HER to stop talking and let HIM explain? 1 Reply @ichrismoku @ichrismoku 5 years ago Dr. Guido Kroemer is so smart that he makes Dr. Rhonda Patrick look like Joe Rogan. Dayum. 10 Reply 2 replies @otisobl @otisobl 6 years ago Certainly a good talk, but that American way of flagrantly & carelessly mispronouncing the name of interviewee who happens to have a foreign name is a bit saddening. 2 Reply @richardcranium3562 @richardcranium3562 2 years ago This lady used to be someone I trusted, until she started peddling Covid vaccines and lying about their ethnicity like a politician. 3 Reply She Broke Cheer Rules For This Here are some great pictures snapped at the right instant Sponsored FollowSports Visit site 3:05 NOW PLAYING Minimum fasting length required for autophagy | Guido Kroemer FoundMyFitness Clips 1.5M views 4 years ago 6:51 NOW PLAYING Resveratrol: dosage and effect on cardiovascular health | David Sinclair FoundMyFitness Clips 256K views 4 years ago 10:46 NOW PLAYING What Is Autophagy? 6 Amazing Health Benefits of Intermittent Fasting Kim Foster, M.D. 67K views 5 months ago 3:37 NOW PLAYING The unique effects of multi-day prolonged fasts (requires more than 48 hours) - Valter Longo FoundMyFitness Clips 74K views 4 years ago 9:09 NOW PLAYING The INSANE Mitochondria, Glucose, & Heart Benefits of Vigorous Exercise | Dr. Rhonda Patrick FoundMyFitness Clips 248K views 10 days ago 6:21 NOW PLAYING How frequently should you do the Fasting Mimicking Diet? | Valter Longo FoundMyFitness Clips 27K views 4 years ago 8:44 NOW PLAYING Coffee and amino acids effect on fasting | Rhonda Patrick FoundMyFitness Clips 338K views 4 years ago 7:50 NOW PLAYING Autophagy And Fasting [How To Induce Autophagy For Amazing Health Benefits] Dr Dan Maggs 166K views 3 years ago 34:31 NOW PLAYING 30 Min FULL BODY DUMBBELL WORKOUT at Home + HIIT Finisher TIFF x DAN 887K views 6 months ago 8:13 NOW PLAYING I Paid Strangers to Sleep Properly Bryan Johnson 62K views 10 hours ago New 1:16:58 NOW PLAYING Tomorrow's Breakthroughs Today: Dr. Miia Kivipelto Alzheimer's Drug Discovery Foundation 5.3K views 8 months ago 4:11 NOW PLAYING Autophagy expert: Dr. Guido Kroemer's personal take on fasting, eating and other lifestyle habits. 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