What is Life? - with Paul Nurse The Royal Institution 1.45M subscribers Join Subscribe 5.6K Share Download Thanks Clip 362,259 views Dec 19, 2019 Living things are extraordinary and our quest to define life is one of the most fundamental questions in biology. Subscribe for regular science videos: http://bit.ly/RiSubscRibe Watch the Q&A: • Q&A: What is Life? - With Paul Nurse Sir Paul Nurse is a geneticist and cell biologist whose discoveries have helped to explain how the cell controls its cycle of growth and division. Working in fission yeast, he showed that the cdc2 gene encodes a protein kinase, which ensures the cell is ready to copy its DNA and divide. Paul’s findings have broader significance since errors in cell growth and division may lead to cancer and other serious diseases. He was awarded the 2001 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, alongside Tim Hunt and Leland H. Hartwell. 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Show transcript The Royal Institution 1.45M subscribers Videos About Help us bring you more science Support us on Patreon 16:15 Q&A: What is Life? - With Paul Nurse by The Royal Institution Shop the The Royal Institution store Standard Model colour tote bag $15.22 Teemill Our galaxy mug $15.22 Teemill Men's Feynman dark t-shirt $25.37 Teemill Puzzle - sim(pi)ly impossible! | White recycled cardboard/1650 microns | 1000 Piece Jigsaw Puzzle Limited shipping areas Teemill Puzzle - Live science, love science $44.39 Teemill Puzzle - Blaikley: Faraday lecturing in the theatre c.1856 $44.39 Teemill 697 Comments rongmaw lin Add a comment... @stephanieparker1250 @stephanieparker1250 2 years ago (edited) Wow, brilliant lecture, well done! Even with only a few simple slides and reading from paper notes stapled together instead of a fancy laptop, he delivered a hugely informative and fascinating presentation. 🙌 25 Reply @muthuk @muthuk 4 years ago What an amazing lecture! The amount of fundamentals covered here is just amazing. Learning from first principles, understanding the basics clearly are extremely important...I am glad i watched this! Thank u guys! 6 Reply 1 reply @bouncybounce4589 @bouncybounce4589 4 years ago What a remarkable lecture. Incredible that he was able to lay out all the principles of life, in such detail and clarity, considering the complexity, in just an hour. Bravo, Paul Nurse! 10 Reply 3 replies @gondwana6303 @gondwana6303 4 years ago This is a brilliant framework of principles by Sir Paul on how analyze what is life? Hope it becomes a course that he can teach. The other brilliant scientists such as Schrodinger, Mendel, Darwin and Pasteur are amazing that they could have surmised so much from so little observable things, since they didn't have any of our current sophisticated tools. 26 Reply 3 replies @toni4729 @toni4729 2 years ago This was the most interesting talk I've ever had the privilege to hear. Thank you very much Paul. Please, let us hear more. 4 Reply @OnlineMD @OnlineMD 2 years ago (edited) SUCH a coincidence...I just got done reading his superb book "What Is Life." Sir Paul Nurse has more titles and accomplishments than most authors I've read lately. Five of the chapters in his book have these chapter headings: Cell; Gene; Evolution by Natural Selection; Chemistry, and Information. Next on my reading list is "What Is Life" by Lynn Margulis and Dorion Sagan. 2 Reply 2 replies @krishiprasad1730 @krishiprasad1730 3 years ago (edited) A befitting work which should probably termed Masterpiece. Hands of to you Mr. Nurse. Infinite respect and love from India. 5 Reply 1 reply @pradnyasaravade8934 @pradnyasaravade8934 9 months ago Totally enlightening! Loved the idea of turning inside out the lifeless information stored in the DNA to the reactive machines-proteins-which do the work. In that case, maybe ribozymes or the ribosomes are the first step to life? Viruses being a case in point-storing only the information without the ability to translate that information as living beings on their own. Reply @MilesDavisKDAB @MilesDavisKDAB 4 years ago Paul was one of my tutors when he was just a post- doc researcher. He was/is a lovely man as well as being a very good scientist. 49 Reply 7 replies @genghisgalahad8465 @genghisgalahad8465 4 years ago A wonderfully concise and excellent primer lecture on cellular biology by Paul Nurse! Love the playlists by science topics! 5 The Royal Institution Reply 1 reply @elsef6798 @elsef6798 1 year ago (edited) Thank you for this poetic lecture full of insights and knowledge. The importance of the central and final message: to care for all life on this planet, seems too easily overlooked by people in general. I am not sure the science, the data and the understanding is key to solving the problem. In comparison knowing precisely how harmful cigarettes are often does not stop smoking. I wonder: what creates caring? Reply @j0hnX44 @j0hnX44 4 months ago Probably one of the best lectures about life I've seen!! Reply @hopegold883 @hopegold883 4 years ago Unusually well-written as well typically informative. The structure illustrates the content. So glad I clicked! Usually I’m more drawn to the physics ones. But then it is! 48 The Royal Institution Reply 2 replies @dominicvijayanand1971 @dominicvijayanand1971 1 year ago (edited) SIR THANK YOU FOR UNDERSTANDING LIFE AND HELPING US TO APPRICIATE LIFE ON EARTH AND PERHAPS SOMEWHERE ELSE, WE ALL NEED TO RESPECT LIFE . WITH LIFE . IN LIFE THERE IS EVERYTHING ELSE WHATEVER. Reply @guidobachi952 @guidobachi952 4 years ago (edited) Great lecture ! Thank you very much, Mr. Nurse. I wish you all the best for the future and I am keen to listen to your next lecture! Greetings from Switzerland. 1 Reply @avonsternen6034 @avonsternen6034 4 months ago The cell is an organizational functional unit. The efficacy of chemistry is based on its subject, dealing with consistent patterns of relations and interactions. However, describing life in terms of chemicals is like describing a picture in terms of colors. 👍:) 1 Reply @baseeraslam436 @baseeraslam436 2 years ago What an amazing lecture! 4 Reply @asrmail2009 @asrmail2009 1 year ago Brilliant exposition. Thank you for posting this. Reply @safarscience6835 @safarscience6835 2 years ago Though I was knowing most of the things he was telling because I'm from a plant sciences background.... Still I found this lecture very interesting and I listened very carefully. Thank you so much Ri for uploading this. 🙏 10 Reply @sgatea74 @sgatea74 2 years ago Science (chemistry/physics) of life at explained at it's best using common sense arguments. Thank you ! Reply @annieshedden1245 @annieshedden1245 1 year ago a masterclass in didactictic structure. imagine if every person understood this. Reply @zetacrucis681 @zetacrucis681 4 years ago (edited) Paul Nurse is always a pleasure. Thank you RI! 7 Reply @james6401 @james6401 2 years ago Brilliant lecture, thanks. It seems that we often look for a definition of life using micro systems from ourselves down but in reality we reach a difficulty with that approach and end up going macro on our examples. Maybe a forest is alive, maybe humans are part of larger wholes or ecosystems and who knows how far it goes up? 2 Reply 1 reply @kevinwilliams5873 @kevinwilliams5873 2 years ago (edited) God bless the Royal Institution. Information provided by the informed, without bias, for public consumption. God bless you all. 2 Reply @mdb1239 @mdb1239 2 years ago (edited) The machines within our cells are living and intelligent entities. Actually visually seeing them at work shows they are alive, reacting to the environment, and making purposeful decisions. 2 Reply @patrickboudreau3846 @patrickboudreau3846 2 years ago (edited) It is easy to visualise birds evolving but entirely something else to grasp the evolution of molecular machines without whom nothing works anymore. How did particules jump from wave matter duality to agglomerate into what would eventually become the human brain ? Evolution is certainly one of our universe’s most myserious acheivement. Thank you for this lecture. This subject is facinating. 1 Reply @nonindividual @nonindividual 2 years ago What a great lecture. Reply @therealzilch @therealzilch 11 months ago (edited) Nicely done. I would say that it's quixotic to try to define "life" exactly. Order merges imperceptibly with life. Reply @gjovanovic @gjovanovic 2 years ago (edited) For someone who so many times (unnecessarily) emphasizes "without a need for a creator" Sir Paul expresses astonishing admiration for BEAUTY of the building blocks of life :-) 3 Reply 1 reply @marioesposito4050 @marioesposito4050 3 years ago (edited) Amazing lecture!! Reply @janlang8605 @janlang8605 2 years ago (edited) Superb lecture! Reply @nyworker @nyworker 1 year ago He's so brilliant and so humble and generous in how he simplifies this for us mortals. Reply @dalton6173 @dalton6173 2 years ago Charles Darwin being famous for the theory of evolution after his grandfather was essentially run out of business for having that idea is kind of an amazing story I mean I do wish that his grandfather would have gotten the credit whenever it was his idea but still inspiring in its own unique way Reply 1 reply @troygarfieldtravels @troygarfieldtravels 2 years ago (edited) A brilliant instructor and an amazing tie. Reply @drgrahambeards9776 @drgrahambeards9776 1 month ago Excellent. He could have mentioned seeds, which look totally dead until placed in a nourishing environment. They are similar to viruses in this regard. Reply @jayarava @jayarava 2 years ago There's really nothing here that I didn't learn at school 40 years ago. The one thing I learned post-school was that symbiosis gave us eukaryote cells and complex life. RIP Lynn Margulis. 7 Reply 1 reply @santiagomarshall1447 @santiagomarshall1447 4 years ago (edited) I was expecting the George Harrison hit “what is life” but I actually found a great video I will remember for a long time! Thanks 10 Reply @chrissmith7259 @chrissmith7259 2 years ago Beautifully explained. 2 Reply @caricue @caricue 2 years ago I'm beginning to think that the reason it is so hard to answer this question, what is life, is because it isn't actually a thing in itself. We see a part of the universe moving around and doing stuff and we call it life, but this is a concept or even a category that we have in our heads. You can say the same about tornadoes or hurricanes. They are self-assembled structures that form due to an energy imbalance, but they are not really a thing. That is why nothing is lost when a whirlwind finally dissipates, because it was never really more than an identity put on it by some human mind. If life is like this, and it seems to be, then the most you can ever do is describe it and work out its dynamics, but you will never really be able to say what it is. 1 Reply 1 reply @Garcia-elf @Garcia-elf 4 years ago He was awarded an Honoris Causa during my MSc convocation at McGill, June 2017 :) 2 Reply @Heart-Core @Heart-Core 7 months ago ❤Life is movement on itself♥️Movement creates life & time❤️Without movement neither life nor time would exist❤ Reply @CZorba @CZorba 2 years ago Meaning of life => meaning of meaning of live => meaning of meaning of meaning of life .... = factorial meaning of life, a recursive path to go .... ; Thank you for your video Reply 1 reply @McLKeith @McLKeith 4 years ago (edited) This a very informative lecture on how cells function. Paul Nurse is very good lecturer. Far better than my first genetics 101 lecturer. But Nurse has not answered the question "What is life?" To answer that question, I believe we need an up-to-date Miller-Urey type experiments showing how those chemical reactions got started. 1 Reply 1 reply @jonathanbethune9075 @jonathanbethune9075 4 months ago I'm am humbled in the presence off our nature. Reply @KURDinEXILE @KURDinEXILE 4 years ago Beautifully said Reply @mdb1239 @mdb1239 2 years ago (edited) Visually being able to see the smallest parts/living-machines at work within a cell and it is shocking. The smallest workings in our cells are intelligent and alive. Seeing them at work is astonishing. They are intelligent and alive. Seeing them visually doing their work is a wonderment. This is not just a chemical reaction in a test tube, but living intelligent machines responding to its environment and doing purposeful work. Reply @thomasbje3843 @thomasbje3843 2 years ago A brave man. Reply @chrisnurse6430 @chrisnurse6430 2 years ago The clue to his genius is in the name 😇😂 1 Reply @walkabout16 @walkabout16 4 months ago In words of wisdom, Paul Nurse did share, The core principles of life, a truth so rare, Nobel Prize-winner, in science's brilliant glare, He unveiled life's secrets, beyond compare. Principle one, the heart of all existence, Information's flow, a grand persistence, Genetic code, in cells it finds its stance, Life's blueprint, in every single instance. Principle two, diversity's graceful dance, Variation's key, in each life's advance, Evolution's art, through time's expanse, Survival's essence, in nature's romance. Principle three, the mighty energy's exchange, In every cell, a balance we arrange, Metabolism's dance, so intricate and strange, Life's spark, in every molecule's change. Principle four, the cells, life's building blocks, Complexity emerges from simple locks, From molecules to tissues, in paradox, Life's beauty in cells, where harmony docks. Principle five, the generations' thread, Reproduction's gift, where life is spread, Inheritance's tale, from ancestors led, Life's tapestry, in the DNA's spread. Paul Nurse, in science's quest profound, Unveiled these principles, on fertile ground, In Nobel's glory, his knowledge unbound, Life's mysteries, in his wisdom found. So let us heed these principles five, In nature's grandeur, let us derive, The essence of life, where mysteries thrive, In Paul Nurse's wisdom, let us survive. 2 Reply 1 reply @robertphillips93 @robertphillips93 2 years ago (edited) Such a comprehensive review of biochemistry and really, all current scientific POVs! Alas, the titular question contains a paradox that is not addressed -- namely, what is the role of life in a cosmos that appears to be inanimate? He comes close to this in his summation, noting the interdependence of living organisms -- but apparently the balance of the universe is simply "stuff" . . . 3 Reply 8 replies @davidford694 @davidford694 3 years ago (edited) I spent much too much of a long life trying to get some computer to do something useful. One thing that plagued me was that any error, no matter how slight, made my code fail. If, as Dr. Nurse says, life is based on coded information, where did it come from? We all know that DNA code is immensely complex and sophisticated. Yet it is present in all life we have ever found, no matter how old or how primitive. So, where did it come from? A side note. I am really interested in knowing why Dr. Nurse is so keenly intent on eliminating the possibility that there was an intelligent creator. What is the psychological need here? 2 Reply 6 replies @1o1s1s1i1e @1o1s1s1i1e 4 years ago Fascinating lecture! 6 Reply @mehdibaghbadran3182 @mehdibaghbadran3182 2 years ago Thanks for your explanation on the easy ways. Reply @walkingmap @walkingmap 4 years ago Very nice lecture, wonderful tie. 1 Reply @vjnt1star @vjnt1star 4 years ago (edited) I am always baffled by the complexity of a cell which is like a factory. It is very hard to imagine that the first cell has been put together by chance 8 Reply 9 replies @Thom3748 @Thom3748 2 years ago (edited) This is a very well done lecture, and really worth an our of time, but something is missing--the proverbial Elephant in the room. Nurse describes the organization and processes of the cell quite nicely (and in some depth), but he doesn't give any explanation as to what starts the processes, and what drives them. In other words, what is the make up and character of the force behind the most fundamental aspect of biology? What is that life force? Reply @robertopedrosolazzo9324 @robertopedrosolazzo9324 2 years ago Inspiring! Reply @anotherindividual5799 @anotherindividual5799 4 years ago 👍🏼 well done 1 Reply @JobANable @JobANable 2 years ago I kept imagining Robin Williams talking about what is life throughout this talk; that would be hilarious and also very illuminating! 1 Reply 1 reply @nipudas1771 @nipudas1771 2 years ago And now I have watched two interviews regarding this book! 1 Reply @cookbake2 @cookbake2 2 years ago I think the definition of life should be defined by intelligence which should be defined as the ability to learn new skills and knowledge which are remembered to make future decisions and then repeating the cycle of learning to create an evolving body of skills and knowledge, this then creating an intelligent dynamic pattern of information. What matter/energy system supports this become secondary in the importance of defining life. In other words, there must be some matter/energy system which gives rise to that dynamic pattern of information, but we should not limit our definition of life to that physical system, rather to that dynamic pattern of information. By doing that we will be able to recognize life which does not work like we do. Viruses, for example, are alive because they are intelligent according to the description above. AI is also alive, though not as alive as we are, not yet. Sure, AI depends upon humans to replicate, but lots of life depend upon other life in order to replicate. Sure, AI depends upon humans to live (work), but virtually all life depends upon other life to live. Sure, AI depends upon humans to evolve, but AI is not just evolving, but doing so at an enormously fast rate. So, AI is in an evolving cycle of learning new skills and knowledge to build an evolving body of skills and knowledge that is already capable of more sophisticated dynamic patterns of information than a virus, or a microbe, or a plant; and maybe as complex as a cockroach. Within a decade AI will likely become so close to human intelligence that most humans won't be able to tell the difference and within 50 to 200 years, as we master nanotechnology, master genetic engineering and such, AI will become capable of being AT LEAST equal in all ways to human level intelligence. So, yeah, AI is alive and evolving far faster than biological life did over the past 4 billion years. Reply 1 reply @daiduongdaviddinh140 @daiduongdaviddinh140 4 years ago (edited) Very academic talk from a very scholastic scientist. 1 Reply @antounsemaan @antounsemaan 1 year ago (edited) Interesting, love it. Reply @avonsternen6034 @avonsternen6034 4 months ago Nicely done! Nevertheless, essential to a genuine quest for naturally enduring Truth, is not only insight but humility. The latter provides the possibility of Awareness, which gives a field potential meaning beyond information. Without meaningful purpose for humanity, what do science and technology ultimately serve? Scientism, for example the mantra of darwinism, appeals to institutionism more than intuitive understanding, depending more upon superficial structural authority than enlightening appeal. 1 Reply 1 reply @andrewwhitehead2002 @andrewwhitehead2002 2 months ago He answered the question within the first two minutes 😂 Reply @scottkoshland2475 @scottkoshland2475 2 years ago Life must be in terms of information defined as an intelligent sustaining information system. Simply life meets all the definitions of an intelligent system. Reply @richardtendyke3422 @richardtendyke3422 1 year ago (edited) Two comments, I believe it was Heisenberg and not Schrodinger who developed the uncertainty principle. Second, certainly purpose evolves as a result of evolution, but I think it is a more significant element than that. It is purpose that drives evolution. It is purpose that provides a measure of success for a new birth to succeed and therefore reproduce. This concept of being able to measure the relative value of one option vs. another is the key to be able to create order from disorder. It applies in areas other than life. Reply @michael.forkert @michael.forkert 2 weeks ago As if he knows what life is! Reply @jozsefnemeth935 @jozsefnemeth935 7 months ago A few mistakes: he should have mentioned that before natural selection could occur, exact reproduction based on DNA and DNA translation needs to exist, along with cell membrane and the capacity to bring in energy and raw material. Second, in Paley s example design is defined by an outcome where the elements and the whole has a purpose. Let s suppose he was wrong about the elements, he was still right on the whole: we use feedback to create a machine using machine learning in AI. Domestic animals are human creations by the application of consistent evolutionary pressures in the selection. Reply @sparky80569 @sparky80569 2 years ago (edited) Very informative.. Reply @davemmar @davemmar 1 year ago These parameters fit well into the earth’s environmental changes. But on another planet, for sample, with no environmental changes there may be no need for evolution or reproduction, etc. This video should not and cannot be the only basis for our search for extraterrestrial intelligence. But this video does make one wonder how fantastic are the differences of life in our universe. And just how soon will we have the ability to connect with the universe’s other self aware entities? I only wish it could happen in my lifetime. Thank you, Paul. Reply @jackgoldman1 @jackgoldman1 2 years ago Life is the Universe seeking to know itself. Reply @dave-ux1iu @dave-ux1iu 4 years ago (edited) thanks,good video lots of information Reply @laurenth7187 @laurenth7187 2 years ago Regarding the principle underlying life, it's amazing that such a knowledgeable person seems to ignore Bichat : « La vie, dit-il, est l'ensemble des fonctions qui résistent à la mort. » Life is a set of functions resisting to death. 5 Reply 1 reply @whirledpeas3477 @whirledpeas3477 2 years ago (edited) Like many others I donate what we can afford. Please acknowledge all, not only the wealthy. Thank you for understanding R.I. Reply @ewigeliebe4690 @ewigeliebe4690 2 years ago (edited) Life, as WE consider t to be live, is popping out automatically wherever the circunstances are favourable Reply @kevinsmith-qj1bz @kevinsmith-qj1bz 1 year ago (edited) Early in the talk, the nobel laureate quipped when he compared images from a regular microscope to that from an electron microscope: not too much advancement in over 350 years, he concluded. The irony seems to be, however, that not much has changed since Schrodinger published his classic work titled What Is Life? Btw, the laureate needs to get his facts straight. Not sure Heinsenberg would appreciate him crediting his work to his rival Schrodinger, given just how frosty their relationship was. Reply @lakesidedave3535 @lakesidedave3535 4 months ago Remarkable! Reply @Hladovina @Hladovina 6 days ago So he basically said everything except what life actually is. Reply @luckysurfer9097 @luckysurfer9097 2 years ago (edited) One dimension missing from the lecture....the inputs of life. Sir Paul touched on it with "energy." Do this....make a list of the inputs of life, sun, heat, water, etc. Then remove each one at a time and postulate whether life could exist without it. Could life (a cell) exist without one of the 6 principles? Probably not. I imagine life would be nil without water, so in my opinion, life is more than the 6 principles, the raw materials are another principle. But this is all for the life of a cell...could there be a different life system based on other than carbon polymer chemistry?? Reply @NeoStoicism 4 years ago (edited) The importance of polymers in connecting information to chemical reaction will be an interesting indicator of other life forms as we push further into the universe. 6 Reply 2 replies @stevecoley8365 @stevecoley8365 2 years ago Love is life. Not to be confused with vampires (greed) and thier ignorance (hate). Reply @ricardodsavant2965 @ricardodsavant2965 1 year ago (edited) Life is what you make it. Reply @indricotherium4802 @indricotherium4802 4 years ago Moderately interesting but this lecture really ought to have been titled 'What are the Mechanisms of Life?' 10 Reply 12 replies @alexandrekassiantchouk1632 @alexandrekassiantchouk1632 1 year ago (edited) Life is problem identifying and solving. Reply @richardtendyke3422 @richardtendyke3422 1 year ago (edited) Another comment. It is important that DNA can reproduce itself with great certainty. It is equally important that it cannot reproduce itself with perfect certainty. It is random variation, even the slightest amount, that permits evolution to occur. The actual existence of randomness is a controversial point with those who believe that the future is determined by the past. Reply @Orionography @Orionography 1 year ago (edited) Life is, at it's base layer, the propegation and preservation of information, by information. Information is relative to the observer and is of no value unless shared, so by its very nature, is connection. Then is life (or even the meaning of it) at its most basic level, connection? Reply @grmalinda6251 @grmalinda6251 1 year ago (edited) My 4 year old asked me that and after thinking I figured it's the ability to respond. Reply @danwylie-sears1134 @danwylie-sears1134 2 years ago (edited) I think life is best understood to be any collection of chemicals that has both a genetics sufficient to support its metabolism, and a metabolism sufficient to support its genetics. Cells shouldn't be considered a necessary criterion. Life could consist of individual cells, syncytia, materials held in place by attachment to an inanimate substrate, or presumably some other configurations I haven't thought of. If something isn't made of chemicals, but otherwise seems to be sort of life-ish, it's probably a representation of life in a computer program, which shouldn't be considered life. To have a full definition, you need to explain what metabolism and genetics are, but that's pretty straightforward. 1 Reply 3 replies @NobleRoyalEarthling @NobleRoyalEarthling 6 months ago Life is simply Adaption and Adoption. Reply @donk1822 @donk1822 2 years ago (edited) Cracked me up when he said. 'Science is the art of the soluble', after listening to his lecture I feel he should have said. 'Science is the art of the malleable'. Reply 5 replies @solomonlalani @solomonlalani 4 years ago (edited) Good summation of scientific knowledge on this topic so far, esp the concept there is only 'One Life', all of us connected. I generally don't mix religion and pursuit of knowledge but can't refrain from saying the following understanding which is entirely mine: Quran attributes Al-Hayi (essentially all life) and Al-Haazir (omnipresent) to God! So if God is omnipresent and also Alive, that means 'everything is Life'. Science still tries to distinguish between living and non-living, but I essentially see no difference. One day, humanity will understand and agree to this that we, together, are all One, and connected, and not separate from each other! 2 Reply 1 reply @howardtaylor9114 @howardtaylor9114 2 years ago (edited) Superb. Reply @leighedwards @leighedwards 4 years ago Heisenberg formulated the uncertainty principle, Schrodinger gave us wave mechanics with an equation for atomic wavefunctions 1 Reply @haitranb3383 @haitranb3383 4 years ago (edited) So premative, just survived and hopping one day when compassion realised then we must what is life.... 5 Reply 1 reply @lukekubat3882 @lukekubat3882 4 years ago (edited) The Schrodinger uncertainty principle: “you can never be 100% certain I’m not Heisenberg” :-) 52 Reply 9 replies @samwelndonga8795 @samwelndonga8795 1 year ago life can be define as sequence of signals randomly traveling in neurons as most signal are and act as address key to other sequence of signals stored in respective memory neurons. torus in brains for short. Reply @patrickm8316 @patrickm8316 3 years ago (edited) For a bit of a fool like me, this talk was a thing of beauty. 12 The Royal Institution Reply @xxxxxx-zy9lu @xxxxxx-zy9lu 2 years ago (edited) Tolkien never hinted that Bilbo was an expert in this field. Maybe he learnt it from the elves in Rivendell? 1 Reply @bodgertime @bodgertime 2 years ago (edited) I guess the nurse is gonna answer Harrison rhetorical question once and for all Reply @joqqy8497 @joqqy8497 1 month ago 2:36 Werner Heisenberg formulated the uncertaintly principle, not Schrödinger(whose equation the principle was based upon because of the probabilistic interpretation of it). Reply @AnkitSingh-xg2uv @AnkitSingh-xg2uv 6 months ago A very precise lecture but without considering epigenetic control..... Reply @kevinshort3943 @kevinshort3943 4 years ago (edited) "Life, don't talk to me about life" -- Marvin 41 Reply 6 replies @ebooksmaster @ebooksmaster 1 year ago (edited) Our future depends on us figuring everything out so we can get off the planet in time. Reply @MNanme1z4xs @MNanme1z4xs 2 years ago Life is system of survival, life is not the chess pieces, life is the rule of game Reply @rayagoldendropofsun397 @rayagoldendropofsun397 2 years ago Life is the existence of motion, a gathering of ATOMIC MOLECULAR ENERGY FLOW within a physical thing, without it everything stops. Reply @daveulmer @daveulmer 2 years ago Life is a system of both Knowledge and Understanding. Reply 9 replies @MichaelKingsfordGray @MichaelKingsfordGray 2 years ago Life: molecules surfing a thermodynamic gradient. That is it; summed-up in a sentence. It puzzles me why this video is an hour long! 1 Reply @nickolasgaspar9660 @nickolasgaspar9660 2 years ago (edited) There is nothing better than listening to the voice of Robin Williams talking about life! Reply @rajeshwarsharma1716 @rajeshwarsharma1716 2 years ago (edited) Would someone be kind and give a summary please... Reply @johnstewart8849 @johnstewart8849 4 years ago (edited) Life is a brief, sentient entanglement, brought about by no act of our own, in the web of things all moving along the continuum of time. 1 Reply @-_Nuke_- @-_Nuke_- 4 years ago Life is a very stubborn illusion of our circumstances. Either 1) Nothing is life or 2) Everything is. At the most fundamental level, everything is nothing more than, quantum indeterminacies on some fundamental mathematical fields. (like the EM, Gluon, Higgs fields etc) 2 Reply 3 replies @shanemartin8904 @shanemartin8904 1 year ago (edited) Life as we know it is somebody elses AI. yesss, we are AI and look what we have done Reply @jpdj2715 @jpdj2715 2 years ago Isn't is funny that a scientist with a German name (Schrödinger), in considering the question "what is life?", wonders how 'life' maintains >order< in the chaos. I feel we could ask that same question about, say, diamond. Maybe the man's cat knows the answer. Reply @RonTodd-gb1eo @RonTodd-gb1eo 3 months ago Is the big divide between life and not life or conscious life and not conscious life? Reply @myothersoul1953 @myothersoul1953 4 years ago (edited) We shouldn't worry about getting the right definition of "life". Life is a category we put things in, "life" is whatever we want it to be. Whether or not we get the definition right is not important, what is important how useful the definition is. Reply 5 replies @Bestape @Bestape 3 years ago (edited) These days, code means script (functions) and data means storage (values). Does code in Schrödinger's code-script mean encoded as in storage (values)? I assume so, otherwise it'd be redundant. So, Schrödinger's code-script in modern language is data-script (script database)? Thank you for the fantastic video! Reply @jkjjbhj8368 @jkjjbhj8368 4 years ago (edited) All life stems from same ancestor, ourcells included. 1 Reply @tomlucia6143 @tomlucia6143 1 year ago (edited) is it possible that when the comet struck it both destroyed and created molecular life Reply @peaceforever8755 @peaceforever8755 2 years ago (edited) Where from does he pulls "We need to care about life" ? Life takes care of it self. 2 Reply 1 reply @Najur. @Najur. 11 months ago (edited) Very elegant. Reply @pritom7 @pritom7 2 years ago Life is more than Chemistry. Every human can feel it 2 Reply @SparkBerry @SparkBerry 4 years ago (edited) The biggest question ever posted by RI... My other plans are cancelled for tonight 5 Reply @akamikeym @akamikeym 2 years ago (edited) Without watching the video: localised negative entropy patterns some of which within the class are capable of duplication within the environment they choose to exist (live) in. Reply @sophistichistory4645 @sophistichistory4645 2 years ago "WHAT IS LIFE?? BABY, DON'T HURT ME. DON'T HURT ME, NO MORE." Reply @yadibalderlou1443 @yadibalderlou1443 2 years ago I was expecting a definition from the lecturer for life ,all he gave me was a description of a living things. Not the life itself 3 Reply 1 reply @klausgartenstiel4586 @klausgartenstiel4586 4 years ago (edited) "it goes a little bit like this. well, actually it goes completely like is." you gotta love the british. 😎 13 Reply 9 replies @doc2590 @doc2590 2 years ago All of a sudden I don't feel so smart. We don't even know what life is yet. Now that's a bit confusing. 1 Reply @JesusHernandez-ll5ok @JesusHernandez-ll5ok 1 year ago Life it's a design with a specific blue print (DNA) within themselves so can't be alter and doesn't depend on that living created thing or being to decide if it wants to evolute or not the master creator of the universe made all this thing beutifull and complicated in purpose Reply 2 replies @ameremortal @ameremortal 4 years ago (edited) ❤️ 😊 Reply @tedgrant2 @tedgrant2 1 year ago I'm glad we don't know everything. The journey is more interesting than the destination. Imagine knowing the result of every football match ! Life would be intolerable. Reply @DrNaeem-nw8xj @DrNaeem-nw8xj 4 months ago Life is nothing but creation of God. Reply @Plant_Parenthood @Plant_Parenthood 4 years ago (edited) Ah damnit now I am having an existential crisis 4 Reply @sanjaydeka5905 @sanjaydeka5905 2 years ago But, if life is combination of cheistry and physics only, then why or how a man can control many of emotional or enzyme/hormone/proteins controlling activities by controlling mind ? Is mind a chemistry ? Reply 1 reply @dr.miller638 @dr.miller638 2 years ago (edited) What is life asks Paul Life is a magazine say I How much does it cost ask Paul 50 cents say I I only have a quarter says Paul Oh well that's life I say 1 Reply @olmostgudinaf8100 @olmostgudinaf8100 4 years ago This lecture does not explain what life is. It merely describes how life is implemented on planet Earth. It may or may not help us to recognize something as "alive" on other planets. 2 Reply @marc-andrebrunet5386 @marc-andrebrunet5386 4 years ago One day, I will travel across the Atlantic to visit Great 🇬🇧 3 Reply The Royal Institution · 3 replies @Centurianarv @Centurianarv 4 years ago (edited) All plants and animals we know to be from a common ancestor but what about viruses. Where do they fit in the tree of life if they are totally dependent? Off to one side in the early days I imagine. 1 Reply 1 reply @mdsaad9716 @mdsaad9716 4 years ago (edited) Biology- study of life. The irony here is Biology doesn't have the answer for "what is life?" 5 Reply @Sophiedorian0535 @Sophiedorian0535 4 years ago (edited) The uncertainty principle is from Heisenberg, not from Schrödinger, professor. 2 Reply @laurenth7187 @laurenth7187 2 years ago (edited) Beautiful ? No, because immoral. It's simply the truth, which isn't beautiful or nasty, it is. No, it's controversial because it's not fitting into the catholic humanitarian Weltanschaung, because behavior like xenophobia, could have been selected, by natural selection, for what reason ever. It's amazing how Ri dismissed any concern about moral and keeping only "cognitive" mess, which is there to AVOID important questions, as Ricardo already dismissed the so important question about Demand in economy, recovered by Keynes later. I mean this is a smart way to negate any problem : Replace it by some other one no one cares about = Political correctness. Reply @eric212234 @eric212234 4 years ago (edited) Just occurred to me and I can't find a flaw in it. A thing can be 'alive' without resulting directly from abiogenesis. I doubt anyone would dispute that. Why not define life as, "An organism capable of, or belonging to a species capable of evolution"? Reply 4 replies @ashoknaganur8551 @ashoknaganur8551 1 year ago (edited) We came to know about life evolution and genes in biology Reply @Doctor_Raad @Doctor_Raad 5 months ago Although informing, this lecture didn't even some any close to answering the question "what is life" Reply @piruz3243 @piruz3243 2 years ago (edited) Correction: the Uncertainty Principle is Heisenberg's, not Schrödinger's. 2 Reply 1 reply @diyelectricalCA @diyelectricalCA 2 years ago It is sad to watch such a well spoken and hard working individual become so misguided. Can no one observe that the totality of evidence on evolution is that of evolution of choice not matter. Natural selection cannot be supported by the evidence. Evolution of choice, the psyche the connection with the source is the root. Life any life is communication with another realm. including AI the only other life we know . Reply @kirstamlew @kirstamlew 4 years ago (edited) Why would it surprise anyone that Kant suggested that life was complex? Reply @CrackleCat @CrackleCat 4 years ago (edited) And yet here we all are in this instant. for now. 1 Reply @dirkcampbell5847 @dirkcampbell5847 4 years ago (edited) Disappointed that he doesn't answer the question. Description is not explanation! He ends well though: 'We need to care about life. We need to care about it and we need to care for it. And to do that we need to understand it.' Reply 3 replies @qf1150 @qf1150 1 year ago (edited) 2:42 "Schroedinger, he of the Uncertainty Principle". The Uncertainty Principle was formulated by Werner Heisenberg. Erwin Schroedinger formulated the equation . the wave function of a quantum system. Reply @vida-zoe.itamarsantos270 @vida-zoe.itamarsantos270 2 years ago (edited) Good description how LIFE WORKS but it didn't answer the question what is life. How could chemicals be alive? They are not life. A clock calls for a designer. All cells have a patterns to follow and to reproduce itself. DNA has a patterns to follow in great harmony. You mentioned all living beings have patterns that follow. But you forgot to mention who made and sustain LIFE. "In Him was life, and the life was the light of men." John 1:3. Jesus is the Life-giver and the Sustainer of life. Even though many may not accept this truth. Life can not be define by chemistry only. There is chemistry in life. But life is not chemistry. It was a good observation how life works but it did not answer the question WHAT IS LIFE. 2 Reply @ronmortimer252 @ronmortimer252 1 year ago (edited) God is life, and life is God. We are a fallen life form, Christ is the risen life form. Everything's a religion, a belief system isn't it? Even atheism is a religion... science... democracy...etc. We're all made to believe in something. If we lose that we die inside. Reply @LenBerman @LenBerman 2 years ago Excellent talk although Heisenberg may be spinning in his grave 2 Reply @bernaridho @bernaridho 2 years ago (edited) Any discussion such as this not taking God into equation is useless. 1 Reply @VECFILMS @VECFILMS 2 years ago 🙏🙏🙏 Pronam 🙏🙏🙏 1 Reply @lisaschuster9187 @lisaschuster9187 2 years ago (edited) We must take responsibility for other species and care for them physically, because God’s love emanates from another, unobservable energy spectrum. That’s the price we pay all this beauty. If we want miracles in a four-dimensional world, we have have to educate ourselves and make them happen. [To paraphrase Heisenberg] Reply @perumalnarayanan2975 @perumalnarayanan2975 1 year ago (edited) Excellent lecture Reply @MichaelJonesC-4-7 @MichaelJonesC-4-7 4 years ago (edited) What is life? That brief period of time between our eternity of nonexistence. 1 Reply 1 reply @faustdownunder @faustdownunder 2 years ago (edited) If we indeed think, we can answer this question, aren't we then placing humans at the same level as god ? Reference can be made to Goethe's Faust: "..... Und sehe, dass wir nichts wissen können." ("... And see, that we cannot know anything." Furthermore, why would we so seemingly confident reduce life to what WE can see or sense ? 1 Reply 2 replies @effron1995 @effron1995 4 years ago I ask this question a lot Reply @wprandall2452 @wprandall2452 2 years ago Life is the "concept-reality progression", which is the basis of the Lord God who created all things and people 1 Reply @raghu45 @raghu45 4 years ago Marvellously derived principles of Life, based on five aspects of the biological processes inherent in life forms. This is not a philisophical dissection of life, as Sir Paul Nurse himself stated at the conclusion. On a philosophical principle, however, Life is the repository of Consciousness, which is one of the two fundamental axioms of nature, the other being Existence. Existence is that which exists as against the nothing of non-existence. Consciousness is that which recognizes and identifies Existence. To finctionas a repository, Life has evolved into a psychosomatic form; call it body and spirit. 1 Reply 4 replies @guillermozuluaga5643 @guillermozuluaga5643 6 months ago Machinery, communication, programming, purpose? Yes Dr Nurse: Maybe a computer doesn't need a creator after all. Or, does it? 1 Reply @ChrisOakesCO @ChrisOakesCO 4 years ago (edited) Death does not exist, only transition to different form and experiences. When you die your reborn then changing form an experience different experiences. You can't destroy a table or make it not exist, only change its form. Everyone sees the same things in a room yet see them differently. Everything is everything. 1 Reply 20 replies @quinoline3865 @quinoline3865 4 years ago (edited) 2:36 Schrodinger was not the guy who discovered uncertainty principle. It was Heisenberg. 8 Reply 6 replies @ZzZz-ou5kf @ZzZz-ou5kf 2 years ago (edited) So, he states that life inhibits biological cells, and than makes an assumption that if we know how cells work we will know how life works? And goes on on research about cells and biological organisms. A bit silly isn’t it? It is like if you want to know human, that drives a car all you need to know is how car works? Reply 4 replies @siriosstar4789 @siriosstar4789 4 years ago “If we can understand cells the we are very close to understanding life “ 😂😂😂🤪🤪🤪🤣🤣🤣😂😂😂 Hilarious and delusional. Life cannot be understood , only lived. 1 Reply 1 reply @yannickmantele5788 @yannickmantele5788 7 months ago "published by Schgröninger" 🤣🤣🤣 Reply @leejamestheliar2085 @leejamestheliar2085 4 years ago (edited) It should be a psychology lecture. We seem to have a grasp on the physical, not so much the brainy stuff. And " spiritual " please, don't even go there. Woo wooo, the soul train is coming, Woo wooo. There is more nothing in something than there is anything. You may quote me. We have almost no idea how the brain works. They actually seem to all be somewhat different than others. ( oh, that's the soul) Thousands of years of nothing. Politics and religion. Intellectualism for the sake of intellectualism........ Nothing. Reply @fisterklister @fisterklister 1 year ago (edited) "What is life" is a song by George Harrison Reply @Gabrielhlc @Gabrielhlc 4 years ago Yeah, we are mechanisms that stores information, after all... But why? I think that life comes to us with a intrisic need to survive, and that is life, we eat to survive, we have kids to survive for us, we make computer to survive our ideas. Its very important thinking about it, because sometimes we are so instinctive for surviving that we start wars, we tend to defend territory and our fake sense of property. Everyone is connected, we need the efforts of every type of life to survive. We need to stop thinking that we are apart of everthing! We have to have faith in ourselfes but most of all we have to have faith in everyone to live better!! Thank you for this awesome time, it opened my mind for a lot of things Reply 1 reply @tabularasa0606 @tabularasa0606 10 months ago (edited) Life's what you make it -Talk Talk Reply @theOrionsarms @theOrionsarms 4 years ago (edited) What death is? It's the absence of life where used to be, what is life? Well that's complicated. 3 Reply 1 reply @glynnispitcher9423 @glynnispitcher9423 1 year ago ( REHAB TIME! ) WHAT IS LIFE? LIFE IS NOTHIN BUT A COMPETITION TO BEE THE CRIMINAL RATHER THAN THE VICTIM. FACTS OVA FEELINGS! 1 Reply @tomrees4812 @tomrees4812 1 year ago What a pity humans have so little respect for it. 1 Reply @curtislocus195 @curtislocus195 1 month ago Thank you Reply @ewigeliebe4690 @ewigeliebe4690 2 years ago (edited) iit´s not at all difficult to describe live if see it from this side: Allt the creation is awareness/life in endless facets. They are making our physical world, it´s not the other way round Reply @jprakash7245 @jprakash7245 2 years ago Do his(Paul Nurse) documentary of Science Under Attack is available free?! Reply @claudetaiwan @claudetaiwan 2 years ago Then, I realize that “l” , the so called “consciousness” , must be an illusion…. Reply @CoopKeith1 @CoopKeith1 4 years ago (edited) All is one and one is all. Reply @MohamedElsheikh22 @MohamedElsheikh22 3 years ago (edited) Nothing pisses me off more than searching youtube for "what is life" and finding most of search results are about shallow songs.. and it shows this video in the 10th page. It shows how shallow our society is 2 Reply 2 replies @neilmansfield8329 @neilmansfield8329 6 months ago Yes I believe God put life on other planets and they could be related to us 1:57 Reply @user-in9nt3lu2k @user-in9nt3lu2k 1 year ago 만세 Reply @jaseboon6282 @jaseboon6282 2 years ago (edited) What is life? ..............Baby don't hurt me... don't hurt me, no more!!! Reply @macbeth6195 @macbeth6195 4 years ago (edited) That would be Heisenbergs Uncertainty principle. 1 Reply @bpath60 @bpath60 4 years ago (edited) Paul Nerse Nobel Physiology and medicine 2001 Reply @wammo12345 @wammo12345 4 years ago DNA as a read-only file 1 Reply 4 replies @johnnycharisma162 @johnnycharisma162 2 years ago (edited) Waffling at its best. “I’ll talk about that later” “DNA is DNA” “As I’ve already explained” about 300 conversations going on at once. Muddled delivery. Reply @suecanada2313 @suecanada2313 1 year ago (edited) hugs 2 u Paul for confirming that I AM STAR DUST ! Keep on TWINKLING Reply @gibbogle @gibbogle 2 years ago "of essentially like cells" not "essentially of like cells". There is a difference. Reply @basharun @basharun 2 years ago (edited) He says of Schrodinger: "...he of the Uncertainty Principle". That's Heisenberg, not Schrodinger. 3 Reply 9 replies @johnstewart8849 @johnstewart8849 4 years ago (edited) Oops, wrong classroom...life is a unit of matter that consumes energy and can reproduce. Reply @SteveFrenchWoodNStuff @SteveFrenchWoodNStuff 4 years ago This guy looks like the love child of Lewis Black and Robin Williams. Especially in the thumbnail. Reply 1 reply @rodneyjhackenflash4865 @rodneyjhackenflash4865 1 year ago What is life? Not death. There, I saved you an hour of your time. Reply @Golu-jq6wh @Golu-jq6wh 2 weeks ago What is life ?I am also looking for an answer, once I "ll get that I"ll revert back to you.lots of love Reply @rogerlimoseth4790 @rogerlimoseth4790 4 years ago I thought he was going to explain it but he was asking the question because he's clearly as clueless as the rest of us. 2 Reply 1 reply @seb_fried @seb_fried 4 years ago (edited) What is Life? Baby don't hurt me... 2 Reply 7 replies @stephenlever419 @stephenlever419 2 years ago (edited) 3 word comment. “Isn’t G-d amazing” Reply @einfach.unterwegs. @einfach.unterwegs. 4 years ago (edited) TLDR? 1 Reply @darrick.S @darrick.S 4 years ago 12 19 2019 1 Reply @enkiepic432 @enkiepic432 4 years ago Change the lecture title to "what life does" or "how life affect matter"... you can't go behind life let alone trying to explain it... and the earth did not corner the market on life 3 Reply @alexdavidson7785 @alexdavidson7785 4 years ago That's not the real question The real question is what is light.. .. ..I know, immortality. one can gain it through diligent pratice Reply @dusan1449 @dusan1449 2 years ago (edited) boring, half of the audience barely up, but trying hard just to be polite :) Reply @HussainFahmy @HussainFahmy 4 years ago (edited) There are flat earth believers who think life popped out of nothing. Reply 3 replies @2nd3rd1st @2nd3rd1st 4 years ago Baby please hurt me Please hurt me Once more 1 Reply @iron-farmer @iron-farmer 2 years ago Life is life stop pondering and get on with it Reply @dag1489 @dag1489 4 years ago Why is there life? Why are we here? Will we ever have the answers? The answers to these questions may lie in our future. We appear to be on a path to self destruction so don't hold your breath for a human answer. So sad. 3 Reply @bogartlayton5179 @bogartlayton5179 2 years ago The handy star reassuringly moan because narcissus anecdotally preach midst a stale responsibility. fancy, overjoyed possibility Reply @jothee-bee @jothee-bee 4 years ago what is life? a wyrd with inner sentience Reply @AileenSerrantes-sv4oj @AileenSerrantes-sv4oj 6 months ago What is life, ask pope and his vatican wives Reply @lucidstate4664 @lucidstate4664 4 years ago (edited) What ever you make of it. 1 Reply @lorenzoblum868 @lorenzoblum868 4 years ago WHAT IS THE CARBON FOOTPRINT OF THE MILITARY INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX ? 2 Reply @user-in9nt3lu2k @user-in9nt3lu2k 1 year ago 만서 Reply @johnnierah @johnnierah 4 years ago (edited) What if they should take from the tree of life and live forever. 1 Reply @quadlearningstudios1216 @quadlearningstudios1216 4 years ago (edited) "We need to care about life" - but according to science, nothing has ever cared about life before, and yet here we are. No sir, we don't need to care about life. If you say that it's because what you really mean is, we need to care about life if we want to survive longer as a species and its not really about being moral and nurturing nature. However, if we believe science, then caring for things is just an illusion of responsibility and furthermore life doesn't care one jot about us, and it will progress onward and upward whether we are onboard with it or not.. 4 Reply 3 replies @stefkunnen4121 @stefkunnen4121 2 years ago (edited) he worked on pees Reply @thecondescendinggoomba5552 @thecondescendinggoomba5552 1 year ago Baby don't hurt me Reply @kameronrylan4458 @kameronrylan4458 2 years ago (edited) The spiffy wool sicily confess because dietician largely strengthen from a silent trigonometry. psychedelic, efficacious cloudy Reply @iron-farmer @iron-farmer 2 years ago (edited) The monkey that pondered too much got blindsided by the jaguar Reply @quinoline3865 @quinoline3865 4 years ago (edited) This guy is talking nonsense when he says that we are made up of carbon polymer. Reply 13 replies @rohanchikhori5484 @rohanchikhori5484 2 years ago (edited) ROBIN WILLIAMS ????? Reply @mikebellamy @mikebellamy 1 year ago Here's one of the many falsifications of evolution: 1- Evolution proceeds in small increments 2- Each small change must be tested by natural selection for its contribution to fitness of the creature 3- Proteins are essential for all life and new features require new proteins 4- Therefore proteins must have evolved in small increments 5- However small bits of any protein are not a protein and do not have any function until complete 6- So small bits of a protein cannot be tested by natural selection 7- Hence proteins must be created in one single step complete 8- That means proteins contradict the first assumption of evolution Therefore evolution by natural selection is falsified! Q.E.D. Reply 2 replies @vegetasayajin967 @vegetasayajin967 1 year ago Das interessiert mich nicht Reply @nickpeim @nickpeim 2 years ago Schrodinger was not ‘of the uncertainty principle’. Nurse is a shallow and under-read thinker. 1 Reply @TareqKhan0 @TareqKhan0 3 years ago (edited) From where the complexity of a cell comes from? Do they come by chance? It is designed purposefully by God - Allah. Reply 2 replies @gazza6262 @gazza6262 4 years ago (edited) Absolute rubbish we were never single cells 1 Reply 4 replies @MolecularAnimationsoftheCell @MolecularAnimationsoftheCell 4 years ago this lecture has to be the most boring from the royal institution, how could he made this topic so boring wow 1 Reply @phillynott2459 @phillynott2459 2 years ago Life is cheap . Consciousness is nothing special. There is no god. Have a nice day Reply 1 reply @Johan-rm6ec @Johan-rm6ec 2 years ago Don’t waste an hour watching. There is no answer coming ‘what is life?’ Scientist simply don’t know nor understand what life is. 1 Reply 1 reply @SamEmil @SamEmil 1 year ago (edited) What a childish and boring presentation! Reply