张即之书法欣赏
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张即之(1186——1263年)宋代书法家,字温夫,号樗寮,历阳(今安徽和县)人。历官监平江府粮科院、将作监薄、司农寺丞。特授太子太傅、直秘阁致仕。后知嘉兴,以言罢。张即之生于名门显宦家庭,为参知政事张孝伯之子,爱国词人张孝祥之侄,系中唐著名诗人张籍的八世孙。
张即之书法深受唐人影响,初学欧阳询、褚遂良和颜真卿,后转师米芾,参以汉隶及晋唐经书,加上受禅宗哲学思想的影响,故形成一种独特的书法艺术风格。并能“独传家学”,以张孝祥书为主调,而自成一家体系。这种体系是他在继承古人前辈传统技法的基础上,汲取众多营养而后大胆创新形成的。张即之擅长楷书和榜书,尤喜作擘窠大字。他博学多识,“性修洁,喜校书,经史皆手定善本。” 张即之是南宋书坛首要人物,《中国书法发展史》宋六人,张即之在内,另五人为北宋四家与赵佶。张即之是南宋后期力挽狂澜、振兴书法艺术、穷毕生之力以改变衰落书风的革新家,称雄一时,且有“宋书殿军“之誉”。《宋史》本传称其“以能书闻天下”,“大字古雅遒劲,细书尤俊健不凡”。其下笔简捷凝练,运笔坚实峻健,点画顾盼生情,结字俊秀而骨力遒劲,使字字结体生动明快,清爽不落俗套。其所书《大字杜甫诗卷》前人评为“有长风破浪气象”。女真族虽然远在北方,与南宋政权处于敌对地位,但对于张即之的翰墨作品,却不惜用重金购求。传世作品有楷书:《佛遗教经》、《金刚般若波罗蜜经》、《太上洞玄灵宝无量度人上品妙经》:行书《双松图歌》,《待漏院记》,《书杜诗》,《汪氏报本庵记》等。
张即之书法深受唐人影响,后转师米芾,参以晋唐经书汉隶,并能“独传家学”,自成一家体系。张即之擅长楷书和榜书,尤喜作擘窠大字。楷书结构严谨、端庄,行书则用笔枯硬,近于刻露,毫无温润典雅之感。有人称之为"宋书殿军"。
张即之以父荫铨中两浙转运使。举进士。历官监平江府粮科院、将作监薄、司农寺丞。后知嘉兴,以言罢。特授太子太傅、直秘阁致仕。
张即之作为南宋著名书法家,书宗唐人,结体严谨,笔法险劲,泼辣苍勇。对当时书坛影响很大,金人尤喜其墨,视以珍奇,北方金人亦多效其体。
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