Human and Gut Microbiota and Implications

The Role of Gut Microbiota and Implications for IBD Published on October 17, 2017 by Judith Gorski, PhD Tweet Share Share Email 4 minute read Over the past 10 years, scientists have discovered that changes in the composition of the gut microbiota play a pivotal role in human health. The gut is home to thousands of microorganisms each with its own critical role. Furthermore, the composition of the microbiota differs extensively along the digestive tract. Development of Gut Microbiota Starts During and After Birth The colonization of microorganisms in the gut begins during and after birth. Prior to birth, it is believed that the intestines of the fetus are sterile and contain very few microbes. However, during delivery the infant is exposed to milieu of microbes. Interestingly, delivery by birth canal exposes the infant to a more enriched microbial environment unlike those infants delivered by cesarean section, whereby the latter have reduced microbial inhabitants in the gut, although by 6 months of age the differences no longer are detectable. External and Internal Factors Affect Early Life Microbiota Changes Throughout early life, as one would expect, there is a pendulum of changes parallel with a shift in feeding mode - from breast- or formula-feeding to weaning, and the introduction of solid food. During this time, the gut microbiota is influenced by both external and internal factors. External factors include the type of food eaten and composition of maternal microbiota. Internal factors may include intestinal pH and physiological factors, such as immune responses. Considering the abundance of external and internal factors that influence the composition of the intestinal microbiota in the human gut, it is actually rather stable at the phylum level. The Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes are conserved in virtually all individuals, although the proportions may vary. It is at the level of bacterial species where the variation in the composition of interindividual microbial communities exist. Gut Microbiota Have a Variety of Roles, Include Metabolism, Bile Biotransformation, and Amino Acid Synthesis The role of gut bacteria is to produce a variety of vitamins, synthesize all essential and nonessential amino acids, and carry out biotransformation of bile. In addition, the microbiome provides biochemical pathways for the metabolism of non-digestible carbohydrates, a major source of energy in the colon. The result is energy and absorbable substrates for the host and a supply of energy and nutrients for bacterial growth and proliferation. Gut Bacteria Also Involved in Immune Response Gut bacteria are important in the early development of the gut-mucosal immune system. The cells of the intestinal epithelium counteract pathogens by signaling to the immune system through specific receptors that recognize specific molecules associated with bacteria. This leads to the production of a host’s immune response and the release of protective peptides, cytokines, and white blood cells. Exposure to intestinal bacteria is also implicated in the prevention of allergy. Allergic infants and young children have been found to have a different composition of intestinal bacteria than those who do not develop allergies. It is therefore hypothesized that the intestinal microbiota stimulates the immune system and trains it to respond proportionately to all antigens. An altered composition of intestinal microbiota in early life can lead to an inadequately trained immune system that can, and often does, overreact to antigens. When the Gut Goes Wrong – Development of IBS and IBD Inflammation, infection, immunity and genetic factors are thought to play roles in the development of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) which affects approximately 10 to 20% of adults and adolescents worldwide. The variation in the gut microbiota along with these factors is associated with the low-grade intestinal inflammation associated with the syndrome. In a healthy gut, the microbiota protects the intestines with either a direct bactericidal effect or can prevent pathogenic bacteria from adhering to the intestinal wall. Alteration in the composition of the normal microbiota and disturbed colonic fermentation in IBS patients may play an important role in development of IBS symptoms, with a significant, 2-fold increase in the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes reported in IBS patients. Gut Microbiota also Linked to Obesity Through Leptin Mutations With a mutation in the leptin gene, obese mice were shown to have a significantly different microbiota compared with mice without the mutation providing early evidence that the gut microbiota is involved in obesity. Further investigation indicated, like that in IBS patients, that the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes in the gut microbiota of obese mice was shifted in favor of Firmicutes. In more recent human studies, researchers found that the composition of the gut microbiota was altered in obese when compared with normal-weight individuals and that the composition changed in response to changes in a host’s body weight. A Pivotal Role in Human Health Clearly the gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in human health. In the healthy state, the gut provides energy recovery, protection of a host from pathogen, and a host of other positive functions. In its “dysbiotic” state, the gut microbiota is becoming more and more recognized as an environmental factor that interacts with a host’s metabolism and has a role in pathological conditions, both systemic, obesity, and gut-related IBS and IBD. Although it remains unclear the specific contributions this complex community of microbe’s influences, continued advancements in high-throughput DNA sequencing methods are rapidly expanding knowledge about the gut microbiome and its role in human health. Further Reading on the Gut Microbiota: Guarner and Malagelada. Gut flora in health and disease. Lancet. 2003;361(9356): 512–519. Guinane and Cotter. Role of the gut microbiota in health and chronic gastrointestinal disease: understanding a hidden metabolic organ. Therap Adv Gastroenterol. 2013;6(4): 295–308. Learn more on the microbiome and IBD How did humans come to be? | DW Documentary DW Documentary 4.55M subscribers Subscribe 9K Share 635,282 views Jan 14, 2023 #dwdocumentary #documentary #humankind How did humans evolve? José Braga and his team are researching the missing link between apes and humans. In Kromdraai, South Africa, the paleoanthropologists discover important clues about our direct ancestors. Their findings provide fascinating insights into the lives of our ancestors and help shed light on crucial steps in our evolution. After all, exactly how humankind’s family tree developed is still a mystery. At the Kromdraai site, scientists are searching for new evidence. The South African region, also known as the "Cradle of Humankind," is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. So far, however, no one has been able to provide direct evidence of how the transition from apes to humans was made. But Professor José Braga suspects that the key to understanding this evolutionary link lies in fossil finds of infants. Thanks to the arrangement of their teeth, they can clearly be seen as "human-like”. Although decades of excavations have thus far provided no proof of the existence of any "intermediate species”, Braga is not giving up. With the help of modern geology as well as sophisticated 3-D technology, his discoveries could change the way we think about human evolution. #documentary #dwdocumentary#humankind #humanity ______ DW Documentary gives you knowledge beyond the headlines. Watch top documentaries from German broadcasters and international production companies. Meet intriguing people, travel to distant lands, get a look behind the complexities of daily life and build a deeper understanding of current affairs and global events. Subscribe and explore the world around you with DW Documentary. Subscribe to: ⮞ DW Documentary (English): https://www.youtube.com/dwdocumentary ⮞ DW Documental (Spanish): https://www.youtube.com/dwdocumental ⮞ DW Documentary وثائقية دي دبليو (Arabic): https://www.youtube.com/dwdocarabia ⮞ DW Doku (German): https://www.youtube.com/dwdoku ⮞ DW Documentary हिन्दी (Hindi): https://www.youtube.com/dwdochindi For more visit: http://www.dw.com/en/tv/docfilm/s-3610 Follow DW Documentary on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/dwdocumentary/ Follow DW Documental on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/dwdocumental We kindly ask viewers to read and stick to the DW netiquette policy on our channel: https://p.dw.com/p/MF1G 1,735 Comments rongmaw lin Add a comment... Gordon Chamberlain Gordon Chamberlain 10 days ago Thank you to those doing the incredible ground breaking research and the DW team who put this documentary together. 168 DW Documentary Reply 12 replies Tom Bailey Tom Bailey 7 days ago What is also fascinating to me is we think of all these creatures as primitive but in their time they were the leading edge of billions of years of evolution that had already occurred. 34 Reply 6 replies barbara seymour barbara seymour 12 days ago DW never disappoints. Thanks for producing this. Many questions, however, before any conclusions can be drawn re the appearance of the human we know today. 63 Reply 3 replies A. P. A. P. 7 days ago It's amazing how busy through millions of years that area was. I imagine each multiple generation probably found and seen some older fossils too. I wonder if they used some of the older fossils as tools? 16 Reply 2 replies Gábor Gábor 11 days ago Very enjoyable documentary! It was good to see the work in progress, how different scientific field work together, the animations. Way to go. 55 DW Documentary Reply Sagar Rao Sagar Rao 11 days ago Really appreciate the good quality content produced by DW Documentaries 👍 54 DW Documentary Reply 3 replies Ziggy Belcher Ziggy Belcher 4 days ago Thank you all for bringing this brilliant learning video to us. I am floored at the patience and tenacity of these researchers. Please- MORE? 11 Reply DW Documentary · 3 replies Martin Sarmiento Martin Sarmiento 9 days ago I absolutely love these kinds of documentaries, keep em coming DW! 20 Reply Front Facing Flash Front Facing Flash 10 days ago Fantastic documentary about such a (literally) ground breaking work!!! A must watch for all humans 👏 35 DW Documentary Reply Bruno Smith Bruno Smith 8 days ago DW is proving to be a superior channel for quality productions. This superb documentary is captivating - perhaps because I used to live in Johannesburg and visited Sterkfontein - but also because the work of Dr Braga has been clearly explained. This production is therefore far more than just a report on Braga's findings, but is an engaging story of his exciting journey of discovery. Well done to all on the DW team who put this lovely programme together. I intend to watch it several times so as to not miss any valuable detail. 35 Reply DW Documentary · 11 replies CJ_Fetz CJ_Fetz 11 days ago You never fail to amaze me DW. As an educator in history, I always enjoy your thought provoking educational content. Kudos! 40 DW Documentary Reply DW Documentary · 6 replies Já All Já All 12 days ago Great documentary. Congratulations for the DW team! 62 Reply Larry Paris Larry Paris 11 days ago This is an excellent documentary in so many ways. The landscape photography, the cave shots, the reconstructions of the surface and cave systems, the animations of Homo and Paranthropus on the landscapes, Black Women in Science, the data-rich presentation, and more. Many thanks – this is a high-quality production. 90 Reply 17 replies garry davies garry davies 11 days ago Thanks for the most magnificent piece of the world's history. I have never been so overwhelmed, in my 74 years of life. Totally magnificent! 36 Reply 7 replies Joona Lukala Joona Lukala 11 days ago Great work DW ! Very interesting documentary and really well made ❤ 32 DW Documentary Reply DW Documentary · 1 reply MrKiwifruit MrKiwifruit 9 days ago Wow what an incredible documentary. The science and the specialized expertise of the scientists blows my mind. 23 Reply DW Documentary · 1 reply Dokter Kattenbakvulling Dokter Kattenbakvulling 6 days ago Unbelievable that I can watch this for free, in HD. GREAT effort by the whole team. Thank you! 8 Reply 1 reply HomoBlogicus HomoBlogicus 11 days ago Thank you to DW for such high quality and free documentaries. 11 DW Documentary Reply DW Documentary · 1 reply Troy Troy 12 days ago My mind has truly been blown 🤯🙏🏽 thanks to everyone who dedicated their existence to helping us understand more and more 🎉 🧠 63 Reply 18 replies Simon Gardiner Simon Gardiner 8 days ago Interesting to relate behaviour and development of the young , to classical anthropology, very well presented in this video. The requirement for much greater parental care and group co-operation, is indeed the key to understanding human evolution. ( as I discovered in 1965! ) Human behaviour is also characterised by intra - group bonding and pair bonding. Why did the human forerunners', the immediate ancestors of the Pithicines and the Hominines 'descend from the trees'? Climate change reduced the area of the ancestral, Central African rainforest. Competition for habitat space produced much quicker evolutionary change. It is here that the biggest change in human evolution took place - the behavioural development of group intraspecic bonding that produced virulently competitive groups of which only the most competitive survived. These groups - quite distinct from any other arboreal anthropoids - invaded the Savannah. Thats where you were digging. It required increased behavioural development to be able to survive in the Savannah - against large, fast moving carnivores, and to able to eat the protein rich meat of fast moving heavily armed herbivores. We celebrate this evolutionary success in 'Bullfighting'! Behaviour is at least as important as anatomy in evolutionary biology. 4 Reply Agent Smith Agent Smith 10 days ago Imagine travelling back in time and communicate with our ancestors 😲 13 Reply 2 replies Breathwork and Meditation with Paulo Pacifici Breathwork and Meditation with Paulo Pacifici 9 days ago Those researchers are incredible beings. Claps to them all 11 Reply Mohammad Tayeb Mohammad Tayeb 12 days ago It was really wonderful for me, and two years ago I read a book about it, thank you for the documentary. 20 Reply Mohammed Says Rashid Mohammed Says Rashid 11 days ago (edited) Most wonderful documentary coverage about scientific issues belongs to humans' evolution steps before 100 000 years ..DW always introduces important issues documentaries 6 DW Documentary Reply DW Documentary · 1 reply cj432T cj432T 12 days ago The best documentaries always. Thank you DW. 25 DW Documentary Reply DW Documentary · 2 replies Craigh Jonas Craigh Jonas 11 days ago Thank you for this documentary.👌I thoroughly enjoyed it.👍 8 DW Documentary Reply DW Documentary · 1 reply Sipho M Sipho M 11 days ago Brilliant work as usually, learned a lot. Thanks 5 DW Documentary Reply 2 replies Johanna M Johanna M 10 days ago Knowing how nourishing and immunity-building a mothers breast milk can be, I am not surprised that longer lactation was the key factor for homo sapiens to develop. Truly powerful nutrition. 8 Reply Richard Park Richard Park 8 days ago Wow! Amazing work, thanks for presenting! But, there is a story not told here: a child died. He/she had parents and likely siblings, and a family struggling to survive. A brief mention of the human tragedy would be nice. Reply STEALTHSHAPE BUILDERS STEALTHSHAPE BUILDERS 10 days ago Previously I was very fanatical about this kind of technique about how to trace the history of our ancestral roots. But today as youtube knowledge increases and probabilities techniques they call experts it seems incredible to me. 5 Reply Alireza Shardi Alireza Shardi 9 days ago DW is making these incredible documentaries faster than we can watch them. Brothers and sisters, we are blessed ! <3 <3 5 Reply DW Documentary · 1 reply Malibongwe Nkunkuma Malibongwe Nkunkuma 12 days ago Research in South Africa is world class! It is necessary for the world to give research in Africa the credit it deserves! 36 Reply 1 reply Miarian Miarian 11 days ago Good to see documentaries like this - the more we know and discover, the less we need myths and legends to explain things. 27 Reply 31 replies TOWORK TOWORK 12 days ago And yet so many has to be discovered, much love Mother Nature. 20 Reply 1 reply Elaine Lindsey Rampertab Elaine Lindsey Rampertab 8 days ago (edited) When you visit sterkfortein caves are amazing you feel a different type of presence when you visit. I visited more than 20 years ago. Love to visit it again. South africa, Brazil, India and Australia are all on different continent now but is amazing how they actually share there Archeon Eon history. India broke of and smashed into euroasia and the Himalayas were formed from impact and brazil and Australia also drifted away 1 Reply 3 replies Stanley Pretorius Stanley Pretorius 1 day ago I live very close to the Cradle of Human Kind, Kromdraai. It is quite special to see the site where some of our ancestors comes from. Reply Chris TheOne Chris TheOne 11 days ago I stay in The Cradle and its always nice and refreshing to see what is being found in the area 5 Reply Wanderpike Wanderpike 9 days ago Incredible docu. ❤ but who really knows how long ago the first humans lived on earth. 5 Reply DW Documentary · 2 replies OK MOMAND OK MOMAND 8 days ago Much an informative documentary I love it very extensively it showed up the reality of humankind and its history. Reply DW Documentary · 1 reply Allan's Animals Allan's Animals 12 days ago So much mystery and wonder in life! Thank you for sharing! 22 Reply Akshat Tewari Akshat Tewari 2 days ago Wow! Amazing ! I would have paid ₹1000 to watch this documentary! Heartfelt thanks are in order , for producing such a high quality documentary and making it freely available. DW Documentary Reply DW Documentary · 1 reply 黄Daniel 黄Daniel 11 days ago Long time no see everyone. First of all happy new year to DW TEAM, hope you all keep safe in 2023. Second, thanks for your 2022 high quality documentaries. ❤️❤️ 12 DW Documentary Reply DW Documentary · 1 reply Gon Flank Gon Flank 9 days ago Extremely interesting!!! Well done DW!!! Thanks and go on!!! 5 Reply DW Documentary · 1 reply Monkey Movies Monkey Movies 7 days ago I was there a few years ago. Beautiful country. 2 Reply Pyara Hindustani Pyara Hindustani 11 days ago Can't believe that human genes evolve over millions of years to trace back their origins. Miracle is truly a natural phenomenon. 8 Reply 6 replies Jelus Xiaz Jelus Xiaz 10 days ago Nothing more to say Just Thank You DW ❤❤ 7 Reply DW Documentary · 1 reply V. D. V. D. 11 days ago Amazing documentary! It claims homo sapiens way was the better way, because paranthropus and australopithecus disappeared and we evolved, but we are here for 200.000 years while australopithecus lived for over 2 mil years. I don't see homo sapiens living not even another 10.000 years without completely destroying the environment and extinguishing itself 13 Reply 2 replies Motu Motu 12 days ago you guys are just putting out some of the sickest docs !!! really appreciate it! 25 Reply 3 replies FF FF 11 days ago (edited) Another great DW documentary! DW, would it be possible to upload your videos in 4k? Keep up the good work! 👍🏻 5 Reply Paul Ford Paul Ford 12 days ago Excellent documentary, thanks for posting. 6 DW Documentary Reply Arno Snyman Arno Snyman 10 days ago I lived quite close to the cradle of human kind, in Middleburg. I went to see the cradle a few times in it always fasinated me. 5 Reply Reena Reena 10 days ago (edited) Love your documentary. It's very helpful n interesting.. Sending hugs from South Africa 🇿🇦🇿🇦🇿🇦 6 Reply DW Documentary · 1 reply Gerard Vila Gerard Vila 9 days ago This is a great documentary but I have just a small complaint: I'm a little surprised that DW doesn't seem to do French versions of their videos - at any rate, there is no link provided in the description. Because in the present case, since all these people are speaking French and I speak French myself, I would have preferred to hear them directly in French, without the translation. 1 Reply 1 reply Zk Motivation Zk Motivation 12 days ago We all have dreams. But in order to make dreams come into reality, it takes an awful lot of determination, dedication, self-discipline, and effort. 12 Reply 2 replies farid jafari farid jafari 12 days ago Another magnificent documentary from DW tv 13 DW Documentary Reply SOMA GHOSH SOMA GHOSH 12 days ago Wow! very nice historical documentary. Good DW. 18 Reply DW Documentary · 1 reply Pyara Hindustani Pyara Hindustani 11 days ago Graphical explanation is awesome. Thanks DW. 7 DW Documentary Reply 4 replies Rahul Thakur Rahul Thakur 11 days ago In my YouTube history Dw is the first chennal which I like a most . Your content , export opinions , presentation all of them are best. 6 DW Documentary Reply 海王 みちる 海王 みちる 10 days ago This is definitely my favorite channel ❤ 5 DW Documentary Reply 1 reply ONE WORLD tv ONE WORLD tv 12 days ago This researchers are best people in the world 18 Reply Including Jermaine Including Jermaine 12 days ago Facinating documentry! 18 Reply DW Documentary · 1 reply justarandomsapphic justarandomsapphic 8 days ago I first got into DW Documentaries from the post-partum depression episode. Good work as always, so glad I found this channel. 1 Reply DW Documentary · 3 replies Henrique de Almeida Henrique de Almeida 1 day ago Incredible work! 1 Reply aquelpibe aquelpibe 7 days ago Thank you, DW for this excellent documentary. 👏👏👏 2 Reply 1 reply East Africa East Africa 11 days ago (edited) Visited the Sterkfontein caves on a school tour 45 years ago. Amazing place. 3 Reply Daniel L Daniel L 12 days ago My best friend was from Togo. He's gone now. I live in a part of the world where there were but a handfull of black people back in those days and he was maybe the 3rd or the 4th one I've seen at that age. This story is because of this video thumbnail. And so when I first met him I asked if he had brothers and sisters back in Africa. The way I spoke gave him the idea that I believed they lived like stone age mens and so he said: «Oh yeah I have many but sadly we lost our youngest sister.» why? «Oh she never listened to mom. She always slept in the lower branches. And so one night the lion caught her». Bless him I miss him so much. 40 Reply 8 replies edison tesla edison tesla 11 days ago I wouldn't have even imagined in a million years that the length of the lactation period could make all the difference. 4 Reply BadBeezzy BadBeezzy 8 days ago Absolutely fascinating 💯 1 Reply Adrian Brand Adrian Brand 11 days ago I love watching the outcomes of this kind of work but couldn't imagine anything worse than spending years in the African sun digging in the dirt. 2 Reply 2 replies santosh patil santosh patil 11 days ago In today's world where humans have no respect for one another you are searching for first humans.......... any way I love dw doc.... 2 Reply flashgordon flashgordon 11 days ago Scientists have suspected for a long time that gestation period between child and parents is what led to Human Intelligence. It's a little striking that it took till Prof Jose Braga to nail conclusions; but, there ya go! 1 Reply Spidey Spidey 11 days ago This’s why i love DW 3 Reply Mugumya Paul the African NOMAD Mugumya Paul the African NOMAD 11 days ago I heard there people who believe the Earth was just created by someone, and just 6000 years ago. My Respect to science 🥂🥂💪👏 11 Reply 4 replies o k t o b e r o k t o b e r 11 days ago Digging above what might be a cave system won't be me but I love watching ppl who are/were so sure(passion) of what they want/wanted to do in life 2 Reply S.D Bushcraft S.D Bushcraft 1 day ago WOW all answers in one place. Baby and infant from different species to compare in one place. Totally amazing. Other scientists will bow down to this guy. Reply Hamid Rezae Hamid Rezae 10 days ago In love with the eloquent voice of the narrator in the beginning 2 Reply William Martin William Martin 5 days ago Congratulations on this extraordinary find. May your research lead to finding 16 new species of our ancestors for each 100,000 years over the last 1,500,000 years? Reply Greg Helton Greg Helton 11 days ago 2:30 "Humanity's family tree branched off from the great apes 7 million years ago". That was the point in time when two chromosomes fused in the human ancestors' DNA so that they and their descendants have 23 pair whereas apes retain the original 24 pair. 9 Reply 8 replies Phelix Phelix Phelix Phelix 12 days ago I loveeeeee such documentaries 10 Reply DW Documentary · 2 replies edwin mhlanga edwin mhlanga 6 days ago DW is always making the best documentaries DW Documentary Reply Dee Alex Dee Alex 9 days ago great documentary. 1 DW Documentary Reply U R ALL WYZ U R ALL WYZ 9 days ago South Africa, also has lost civilisations too, and alot of land south went under the water at the end of the ice age. 2 Reply John Ambro John Ambro 4 days ago Fascinating and thought provoking. Well done and very informative. Thank you and cheers. DW Documentary Reply John Eckerd John Eckerd 9 days ago I love documentary's 3 Reply Keep Keep 11 days ago Real Answer: Many things are missing to the puzzle, many findings are ignored and we dont really know. 4 Reply Darren conners Darren conners 4 days ago Im skeptical of their certainty of the age, or that just because one bone is found near another necessarily means they are from the same time period. The landscape changes too fast and too much time has past for that assumption to be taken with such certainty. 1 Reply Solace Easy Solace Easy 10 days ago (edited) So, the defining characteristic of humanity is caring for the future? We are still growing into that. 2 Reply Ronald C. Wagener Ronald C. Wagener 10 days ago Recent finds push our species back to about 265,000 years ago. 2 Reply Landlubber Landlubber 12 days ago (edited) I wonder if thus backfilling/scree phenom could explain the Rising Star Cave? Haven't read that, so one must assume they considered it and ruled it out? A pet peeve, but I'm not sure it's accurate to call all members of Genus Homo "human?" I think of humans as truly "modern humans," but that opens whole new can of beans. 1 Reply Mein Kraft Mein Kraft 9 days ago How are they able to find those in such a massive land? Reply Vishwaas official Vishwaas official 12 days ago I m frm india thanks DW its very interesting 11 Reply Ellen Mendoza Ellen Mendoza 11 days ago Fantasizing brilliant thank you 3 Reply rob bleeker rob bleeker 11 days ago I am pretty certain that Lions and Tigers will agree to disagree when it comes to the terminology of prey 1 Reply FRienDO FRienDO 11 days ago DW docs. rule! 2 DW Documentary Reply striker striker 12 days ago Why did the anatomy of some animals evolutionally change while some others like the antelopes stayed the same even after 2 million years? 12 Reply 9 replies داراب عباسی داراب عباسی 10 days ago Very amazing 👏 👌 2 Reply Jay James Jay James 12 days ago Great documentaries. Anyone know what DW means? 4 Reply 1 reply CODM-YoMaMa©® CODM-YoMaMa©® 1 day ago Fascinating. I believe our history goes back millions of years. I think the earth from beginning to end will reach 7 million to 700 million years old before the core stops churning and the climate becomes uninhabitable. Reply M. Brian Burchette M. Brian Burchette 11 days ago I occasionally wonder how an alien species would classify human taxonomy. We call ourselves “wise man”; which is too self-satisfied a classification for an objective observer to copy. At our best, perhaps they would call us Homo curiosus; at our worst, Homo homicidialis. It certainly wouldn’t be Homo humilis though. 5 Reply Eugenio Eugenio 9 days ago Excellent 👌👍 1 Reply Karthik Guduru Karthik Guduru 9 days ago What is the software and the tablet/display they are using to show 3d objects and jaws at 22:00 ? Reply John Smith John Smith 23 hours ago Humanity began on an island and from their spread throughout the world. Reply crieff1sand2s crieff1sand2s 11 days ago Very good....👍 3 Reply suzi perret suzi perret 2 days ago Fascinating! DW Documentary Reply Santosh Kumar Santosh Kumar 6 days ago One of the greatest questions!! 1 Reply Sam E. Sam E. 9 days ago without internet, many of these people don't really know much about what they are looking for. 1 Reply Clint Halkett-Siddall Clint Halkett-Siddall 9 days ago (edited) I also did not study anthropology but if it has not yet been thought, as we watched our predators eat us we thought if we eat meat then we would become top of the food chain and this is when we became hunters more than gatherers hence our diet change???? It just makes sense as a conservationist while watching this. Reply Professor Negi Songs Professor Negi Songs 19 hours ago Salute to technology Reply Amoroso Gombe Amoroso Gombe 11 days ago It's telling that pathocracy sets in as soon as the first civilisation gets established in Uruk. 3 Reply Blue Moon Blue Moon 21 hours ago I want Hollywood should make good movies about our ancient ancestors based on scientific findings & archeological evidences to aware for peaceful world Reply Duygu Atlas Duygu Atlas 1 day ago Amazing! Reply HereIgoAgain HereIgoAgain 4 days ago Warning: No archaeologists were harmed making this video. (Though they do enjoy wandering around Kromdraai nude strictly for scientific purposes :) 1 Reply Jim Johnson Jim Johnson 12 days ago Could those humans spread out to other areas and in a different place evolve again and go back repopulate a former area where the original hominids died away that would explain not finding that bridge species 4 Reply 2 replies troy ward troy ward 5 days ago If they had saved the dirt that they “cleaned” off of the jawbone, they could’ve gotten a better dating on the jaw. 2 Reply delanyo agbenyo delanyo agbenyo 12 days ago (edited) This is more than oil exploration. We've come a very long way. 4 Reply Just One Truth Just One Truth 7 days ago Great video. Thank you. 1 Reply Pak De Pak De 11 days ago 22:00 looking at the variations in chin characteristics on the computer screen then the camera pans out and we see there's quite a large difference in the chins of the two scientists LoL But seriously, tne problem I see with the dating method is that it's based on items deposited as talus through an opening in the roof of cave relative to the stalagmite, not those covered over time by the natural methods such as sediments in a river valley. These deposits obviously don't fall in the cave at a steady rate and materials buried long before the child's body fell in could have fallen in at or around the same time geologically speaking. I can imagine the cat's bones could have been buried a million years before the cave swallowed the child in a cave-in event that also broke loose earlier deposits laid down above the cave, thereby the two could have become intermingled in the same layer relative to the stalagmite. 4 Reply Deborah Barbour Deborah Barbour 6 days ago We had a longer learning period & survived to populate Earth, but maybe we needed an even longer one as we're now destroying it. 2 Reply Eko Prasetyo Eko Prasetyo 11 days ago I propose we call the first human for a species that first memorized items in things outside itself 1 Reply 2 replies GKI8G5 GKI8G5 12 days ago What if humans never came to be? Would this planet be a better place now? 4 Reply 5 replies Gary Johnson Gary Johnson 12 days ago The only thing that matters is where we are headed... 20 Reply 8 replies JCO2002 JCO2002 7 days ago Many thanks for this excellent documentary, but at 12:45, "underground cave". Yes, of course. All caves are underground. It's hard to imagine having one floating in mid-air. Not meaning to nitpick, but as a speleologist who has heard that expression far too many times, I have to once again mention it. RS Stewart - Jamaican Caves Organisation. 1 Reply 1 reply mdb123 mdb123 9 days ago What happens if we find homo sapiens sapiens bones that are 700,000 years old? So far the homo sapiens sapiens bone dating has gone something like this: 50,000 years old, 70,000 years old, 120,000 years old, 300,000+ years old. What happens if we find modern human bones that are 700,000 years old? 2 Reply 3 replies Ryan Cuda Ryan Cuda 8 days ago they say its a 5 billion year old planet lets just say humans have been around for awhile 1 Reply Sandra Nelson Sandra Nelson 7 days ago Lee Berger had the same idea. Reinvestigate areas that had been the sites of old discoveries, sites that were thought to be empty of new finds. Abracadabra. Reply Emile Neslo Emile Neslo 11 days ago Evidence of evolution of human being has been found and is still being found. Religious people left the comment section. 5 Reply Ni-Ne Moda Ni-Ne Moda 12 days ago This tells us that We Are Different Colours One People 12 Reply 2 replies Elhadji Amadou Johnson Elhadji Amadou Johnson 4 days ago Beautiful! Reply Attempted Unkindness Attempted Unkindness 11 days ago Thank you for taking us to the Bone Zone 2 Reply vivahernando1 vivahernando1 4 days ago Interesting. It's pretty incredible we live in a time where we can use science to better understand speciation on this planet 1 Reply Death at Intervals Death at Intervals 12 days ago (edited) 0:17- 0:23 " But one mistery remains? When exactly did the first humans appear?" There is no "exactly". Humans did not pop up all of a sudden like advertisements on your computer screen. Everything happened within long periods of time in a gradual and imperceptible process, just as it keeps happening now, but we cannot see. We can have approximations within long periods of time, not a "moment" that can be "exactly" detected. That being said, congratulations to DW for the excellent documentary. 13 Reply 2 replies TKRD G TKRD G 12 days ago This channel is simply the best, NOT one of the best 🤔 9 Reply DW Documentary · 3 replies 2Traveler 2Traveler 11 days ago We have been humans since day one we been walking with our legs upstraight 4 Reply 1 reply Wald Wassermann Wald Wassermann 11 days ago You got to dig deeper than anthropology, deeper than chemistry, deeper than particles, deeper than waves... 1 Reply 1 reply Clint Halkett-Siddall Clint Halkett-Siddall 9 days ago (edited) I did enjoy the documentary but do think that the French Anthroarciologist tasked with something so important found in South Africa and spent so many years in South Africa should have spoken English. After all, he just managed this find after many years of other people's work and it belongs to South Africa, it should have been done in English and translated into french. #proudlysouthafrican Reply 3 replies C'est What? C'est What? 11 hours ago The truth is probably that we’ve been planted here by aliens for nefarious reasons, and cannot rule out its for their amusement. Reply Az Az 7 days ago Jack and Jill went up the hill to fetch a pale of water? Jill slipped and Jack tripped and when he landed on her, he impaled her (for about 5 minutes) and the rest is history! 1 Reply Jérikan D'essence Jérikan D'essence 10 days ago Les français toujours au top 1 Reply DW Documentary · 1 reply Ni An 🇺🇦 Ni An 🇺🇦 12 days ago And judging by all the Flat Earthers in the comments, the current human species has still not achieved intelligence. 520 Reply 97 replies OmegaWolf747 OmegaWolf747 10 days ago So because we humans have the extended childhood and adolescence, we can accrue more knowledge, which allows us to be what we are. Whereas the paranthropoids had the shorter childhood, which was good for living in the instant, but ultimately led to their disappearance. Reply Omid S Omid S 9 days ago The lady towards the end of the video says the difference between humans and chimps in terms of using tools was that they didn't develop more tools but we did. Sounds fair. But what I don't understand is how everything that was explained in this documentary and others about tools and food and use of fire, etc, resulted in modern humans look become so much different than other great apes? I mean just look at her delicate and beautiful face and imagine it being the same 2 million years ago in a cave the same as chimps for example? Where did this drastic change of anatomy come from? Reply 6 replies Frank James Frank James 3 days ago "How did humans come to be?" the same way everything else on the planet did....evolution. 2 Reply CDF DeSantis CDF DeSantis 4 days ago Not sure that I completely agree that an extended period to rear & train offspring defines human evolution. Consider modern animals with long care & training periods, such as elephants & great whales. Additional factors should be considered. The "missing link" had yet to be identified. 1 Reply B Bodziak B Bodziak 7 days ago I didn't realize there was a limit to how far back carbon dating can go. Reply prudiceflc prudiceflc 11 days ago love youu dw for so long..) 3 Reply Gage Gage 12 days ago We aren't "homo sapiens" we are "homo admirari." Hopefully we'll make it to the homo sapient status. 5 Reply 1 reply dark saurian dark saurian 3 days ago glory to GOD! Reply 1 reply Robin Robin 4 days ago The title is misleading. This is one more missing link, but there are many more. It's a great story but not what the title says. Reply Faith inJesus Faith inJesus 8 days ago (edited) I am confused. They dig a few feet but the bones are 3 million years old or older? Just a few feet? With the Earth's surfaces moved, eroding and then being covered repeatedly with ice ages, and volcanic eruptions and weather events, and possible asteroids, etc. So nice that they only have to dig a little bit. 2 Reply 5 replies Ludwig Otto Ludwig Otto 7 days ago We actually have no freakin clue.As we keep finding earlier ,and more and more. 1 Reply Joe Caner Joe Caner 12 days ago Peeling back dirt one millimeter at a time and painstakingly sifting through the contents to categorize pollen, bone fragments and teeth are a necessary part of the archeological process. Prolonged scenes depicting this activity in excruciating detail, on the other hand, do nothing to advance the story. 3 Reply Taz Krebbeks Taz Krebbeks 6 hours ago Finally found the missing link. Now I can sleep at night. Reply Byron Birdsong Byron Birdsong 3 days ago I am watching this on my computer which evolved from iron all by itself from a junkyard. I cant wait until it evolves enough to reproduce and make baby computers. 1 Reply 3 replies WokeAF WokeAF 9 days ago For many who are retired the wean period did not stop yet, they still consume milk ...for mankind's future! Reply D D 12 days ago Some of us are still apes it seems 🦧 6 Reply 2 replies Arturo Jimenez Arturo Jimenez 12 days ago The Galapagos Islands, off the coast of South America, are known for their unique biodiversity. In 1832, a naturalist named Charles Darwin came to these islands to observe and record several species of animals not seen before. The results of his studies formed the basis for his controversial book, The Origin of Species. In it, Darwin proposed his theory of evolution, which held that all life evolved over time, through a process of natural selection. But even Darwin's theories could not explain the developmental gap between apes and man. There was, it was believed, a transitional species that had to exist, one which became referred to as, "the missing link." Homo sapiens have been around for 300,000 years. And only in a few thousand years, our brain size essentially tripled. Now, that doesn't jive with ordinary evolution. You need time. A very long time. However today, biologists cannot quite put a finger on how our brain volume tripled in a very short time period. That's still a mystery. 2 Reply 3 replies Rhetoric Rhetoric 12 days ago Why is the identification of the lower jaw fossil at 9:00 asserted rather than explained? Guy just took a look and was like yea this settles it. Why isnt there an illustration of the differences between human jaw bones and their variety, austro jaw bones and their variety and the one in this child to provide backing behind the assumption? It would have only taken a comparison screen. 10 Reply Rnv Rnv 2 days ago Doe’s any one else think it’s weird how humans have been around for 3 million years and we’ve only just discovered technology ect Reply 1 reply HT Coogan HT Coogan 12 days ago i enjoyed this a lot. i believe i learned quite a bit, it has inspired me to look deeper. however, in the last minute or two, the bold assertion that child-rearing practices alone allowed one species to thrive and another become extinct is just plain sloppy and ungrounded, in what i hesitate to even describe as science. as this video presents us with the existence of two parallel species that display significant genetic and physiological distinctions. it also asserts a very distinct lifestyle, in part based on dietary practices. it seems obvious to me that at present we cannot rule out other crucial factors such as a shift in available vegetation to consume due to over-harvesting, eradication through pests, deliberate acts of a competing speice or even minor fluctuations in climate and/or weather patterns. differing genetics, perhaps along with diet may have made the species different in resistant to pathogens & other health issues. recent research & global events show this occurs even within a single species. a major accumulation of other fossilized remains would be needed to substantiate any assertion that might drive up youtube view count or even inspire hollywood, but science is still just so hung up on that verification thing, right?…. i’m certain dw has access to many premiere authorities in these fields. i’d think they’d need to fact check material before releasing it as accurate information, especially before it’s seen by students and other interested parties. 4 Reply 1 reply Poo Pootin Poo Pootin 11 days ago 面白い😮 Reply EcoCentric Homestead EcoCentric Homestead 12 days ago "When did the first species appear?" I have a problem with that! In evolution, there is no such thing as a species "appearing". They just evolve in form over time. 7 Reply 3 replies Shaggy8392 Shaggy8392 3 days ago And knowing all this has done sweet FA. People are regressing all around the world. The western world seems more intent then ever in keeping the rest of the world in check using any means necessary. The development or anthropology/archeology has not resulted in greater humanity. Reply Laura de Vasconcelos Laura de Vasconcelos 11 days ago I highly recommend reading Genesis by professor and scientist Allan Kardec! Reply 1 reply kloppskalli kloppskalli 4 days ago (edited) ... what about the 170.000 year old stone circle around a fire place in a french cave? Reply MaxB6852 MaxB6852 4 days ago In Zekaria Sitchin's book the 12th Planet he reveals what is written on Sumerian clay tablets in cuneiform script. It tells of Anunnaki astronauts who came to Earth from the planet Nibiru to mine gold. After their workers The Iggy (a lesser race) had mined the easy gold, they complained hard rock mining was difficult and went on strike. The Anunnaki spliced their DNA into an ape thus creating Adam and Eve who were the beginning of a worker race, the Human Being. Reply 3 replies Radhesyamaji 108 Radhesyamaji 108 12 days ago (edited) Original: Closing the Missing Links: Kromdraai and The Cradle of Humankind. 👍👍🌺🌺🤲🤲 2 Reply Vinícius Vinícius 11 days ago And some fanatics still refuse to accept that Evolution is real. 3 Reply Razz Razz 11 days ago What is the line that separated between theory and iMAgiNaTIon? 2 Reply 2 replies Kim Sikoryak Kim Sikoryak 2 days ago Hominini is not a genus, but a tribe that also includes the chimpanzees. Care should be taken when using taxonomic terms. They are already confusing to the general public. When they are used incorrectly or inconsistent, it only makes matters more confusing. Reply A Person A Person 10 days ago This channel has some interesting documentaries but they're too slow paced imo Reply salvatore mannino salvatore mannino 6 days ago Imagine being hit by a crazy mountain biker while you are foraging quietly and minding your business. I would have done the same as the bear did Reply arkceit arjun arkceit arjun 7 days ago Someday, future humans would dig our graveyards ??🤔 Reply Hopolang99 Hopolang99 12 days ago This is in my backyard yall 😅 11 Reply Rene Martin Rene Martin 11 days ago Fascinating developments. It's amazing that God has designed everything this way. 2 Reply 18 replies Cass Cass 3 days ago So - long lactation period is good ? Better extend maternity leave so. Also, wrap baby up close to mothers body in a shawl, put the phone down, talk to your baby and look into its eyes. Protect and interact with neighbour's children, siblings children, keep maternal grandmother in the home. Reply John VW John VW 10 days ago Who's the fool that thought humans was a good idea? 😂 2 Reply Surf 62 Surf 62 7 days ago (edited) This in deed is a great job. Too bad people still need to drag race into the discussion. I thought the PhD researcher was brilliant until she opened her mouth and had to marginalize her accomplishments. When will we move past this? Reply Louie Marc Duterte Louie Marc Duterte 11 days ago A million years later, hybrid humans examine a fossil with earphones. 🤣🤣🤣 Such is the generation. 2 Reply Thabo Hadebe Thabo Hadebe 12 days ago 🇿🇦 4 Reply 1 reply Jack Darby Jack Darby 11 days ago (edited) To evolve is move from matter to form. Just as devolve is to move from form to matter. With respect to the stadium it is in evolving as it is being built. Reply Cypress Center Security Cypress Center Security 3 days ago You have been mis-informed about mankind: NASA discovered years ago that man's biological clock reverts to that of the Martian day/year when man leaves the Earth's gravitational field. This means that mankind could only have come from Mars in the past. It also means that man is not trying to get to Mars, he is trying to get BACK there. Reply 2 replies George Edgeworth George Edgeworth 10 days ago Please drop the dramatic music 😢 maybe make a separate version for Americans but please report with normal music for the rest of us. 2 Reply Alicianah Alicianah 12 days ago Fantastic Stuff from DW yet again. Not that i would have thought to comment but as was mentioned one of the first black lady's in science. I like to point out that women and females of many species are a main driver of evolution. Thus why is still a culture for the man to propose to the woman in marriage. >_< 2 Reply Edwin Sakumoto Edwin Sakumoto 2 days ago bravo Reply Max Max 12 days ago Well I expect the comments to be civil 8 Reply M H M H 12 days ago Obviously, somebody's invisible friends father conjured up the first human, then made him (of course it was a man first) a woman from his rib. The invisible friend just assumed the first man wanted a woman because it has been proven the invisible friends family has a genetic earring impairment. Any questions? 7 Reply 6 replies Elvoray Bane of the Darkness Elvoray Bane of the Darkness 12 days ago The story that was that there was once a fart and at the same time a small spark and life reared its head. I have no idea why but a vision of our beloved and very well respected President Biden just entered my head. 1 Reply 4 replies whynottalklikeapirat whynottalklikeapirat 7 days ago I have the Ladle of Mankind in my cupboard. Strangely noone seems to care 😳 Reply Mike Rockwood Mike Rockwood 11 days ago (edited) Are we still waiting for birds to evolve into humans ? Or can we except the fact that we were created separately ? 4 Reply 6 replies David Lee David Lee 6 days ago If you want the answer to the question, just skip to 42:11. Thank me later. 1 Reply Trevor Smith Trevor Smith 9 days ago What ... no alien kidnapping and genetic manipulation? We actually needed brains this size to survive on the African savannah? 4 Reply Hide 3 reptiles Hide 3 reptiles 6 days ago 28:06 In which sense is the study of the origin of mankind in general - or humankind to use the revised term approved by the representation bureau - an opportunity for black women to know "their" primeval history, specifically? Is the ancient origin of black people one notch more genuine than the origin of Inuits or Turks etc, who originated at the same source? And why does it take a black woman opening "up spaces" i.e. receiving personal research grants, in order for "black" people whatever that means from one day to the next, to know their evolutionary origin? Were the white and Asian researchers publishing inferior studies about our shared origin, making the knowledge indiscernible for people of certain skin tones until the science got carried out using representation methodology? Can a person of one pigmentation ever understand the publication made by a person of another, after translation if needed? Traditionally, the call of the researcher has been to learn and share what the data represents, not what they themselves represent. It's awesome to see racial diversity in the sciences. But if it occurs at the expense of the focus on the data in favor of the flavor of the month (- or century -) ideology, then it's actually not science that's getting diverse representation as much as a representation program labelled "science", while science itself goes to die. Reply Henry Henry 7 days ago We should be looking more closely at the ongoing process of human speciation, Essentially evolving to two hominid species of the future; one science based and the other non science based. When did this process start? Was Abrahamic religion and the subsequent use/misuse of the humans big brain an evolutionary driver? . Reply Keith Smith Keith Smith 3 days ago I don't know how humans came to be but it never should have happened. Reply abacab87 abacab87 11 days ago I'm always amused at the way British people say "evelution" with the first part being "evil" I'm sure many creationists in the States have a hayday with that one. Reply Pushpinder Chhatwal Pushpinder Chhatwal 11 days ago "Know our History & disseminate it Too" Reply Willi Ringer Willi Ringer 12 days ago God must have definitely looked like Australopithecus 6 Reply 3 replies Bible Comics Bible Comics 5 days ago No matter how much effort we look into scientific research, facts or evidences, there are still billions of people ignore and continue to be delusional in cults and religion rather than accepting science and fight in comment box. 2 Reply 1 reply clips clips 12 days ago I want a full scholarship to Germany 3 Reply 4 replies Hassan Dhidar Hassan Dhidar 11 days ago You are doing great job scientists, thank you so much for great work, but Allah or God has already told us the origin of human beings, we all came from prophet Adam and he was created him from soil, then Hawa was created part of his body and then both were sent from the heaven to the Earth that we are living now. 1 Reply 3 replies Mokeu Mapoko Mokeu Mapoko 11 days ago Maropeng-The cradle of human kind. Reply Madhav Kaushal Madhav Kaushal 12 days ago Really interesting that we know so much about evolution etc yet 90 percent of humans still believe in God and religion. Bizzare. 33 Reply 36 replies Stella brown Stella brown 2 days ago Just like that; they find a tooth….anyone surprised? Reply B B 12 days ago Where all the young earth creationists at lol 9 Reply 7 replies Barbara Smith Barbara Smith 11 days ago I think it's futile to try to find out who we "are" by digging up millennia old bones. It probably keeps a lot of people busy and out of trouble, so I'm not opposed to it. It's just that figuring out the "why" of humans will not be answered by anthropology of this kind. Better to look to works like The Dawn of Everything. Reply 3 replies Anzay Warid Anzay Warid 10 days ago (edited) Once again the music and commentary overlay is so unnecessary and distracting. It is unbearable to have to listen to someone's idea of ''enhancement with music'' . It has no bearing upon the subject. It is not needed. It does not enhance the documentary. We are trying to listen to the words in the commentary, without being assailed by a constant source of irritation. Why this music? Are the words in the video not enough? Secondly, the 'child's tooth' hypothesis and how it came to be there is not fool-proof, neither the determination of its age, and nor categorizing it as being between Australpithicus and Hominin. With such scant a fossil to build up such elaborate theories of how 'first' humans came to be leaves much to be desired. Reply Lonnie Dobbins Lonnie Dobbins 10 days ago (edited) When did they start cooking food? That's the key to me. Reply Dallas Weaver Dallas Weaver 9 days ago Perhaps this interpretation isn't true. Going from a small brain to a much larger brain requires far more energy and would require a very high payoff for more intelligence. It was stated that stone tools were used before the transition toward a large brain. However, all rocks for stone tools are not the same. Perhaps some groups of these primates figured out that there is a third option when a stranger who happens to have a much better rock, like obsidian, enters your neighborhood. One typical primate option is to take his rock, and another option is to kill him and take his rock. But there is a new option: trade some pretty shells for his rock. The likelihood of this option is indicated by increased distances between where a stone tool is found by an anthropologist and where the stone originated. Once "specialization and trade" evolves as an economic activity, the increase in social complexity from within the tribe to including many tribes would drive the development of a larger brain and pay the energetic costs arising from that development. "Specialization and trade" introduce a non-zero-sum game to our primate ancestors, one which creates what we now call wealth. Non-human primates play the zero-sum game of killing and stealing, a game that doesn't give rise to wealth, only takes it from one individual primate or tribe and gives it to another. It doesn't take a large brain to win this game, so there would be little incentive to evolve the larger brain required to advance the primate in the direction of humanity. Reply Phillip Goodwin Phillip Goodwin 11 days ago We’re descendants of big foot 😅 1 Reply Athar Ali Athar Ali 12 days ago Proud ape 9 Reply 5 replies Kira Mushashido Kira Mushashido 6 days ago (edited) Academia doing it again slowly but surely, burying Hancocks theory and more out of the box thinkers in this generation. 1 Reply 1 reply Brian Kariuki Brian Kariuki 12 days ago Human beings existence is a paradox. Look at all the wild primates, they sure have their kinds. Maybe the creator just edited genomes of different primate species 1 Reply 8 replies 2Phast4Rocket 2Phast4Rocket 8 days ago The comment section is more entertaining than the vid 1 Reply Rose Schwinn Rose Schwinn 12 days ago Isn't it very suspicious and dubious that only human beings evolved? We humans work so hard to convince ourselves that we are something special and more deserving than all other creation, when in fact we are quite primitive and totally depended on our environment for survival... the very environment we are destroying in the name of research, study and curiosity. Respect nature! Respect the earth! Respect the living. Respect the dead! 4 Reply 1 reply Camelia Turda Camelia Turda 11 days ago 💜 Reply The Night stalker The Night stalker 12 days ago We all know aliens dumped us here a looooong time back 6 Reply 2 replies Jesus Saves Us 2 Jesus Saves Us 2 8 days ago 2 Peter 3:9 The Lord is not slack concerning his promise, as some men count slackness; but is longsuffering to us-ward, not willing that any should perish, but that all should come to repentance. For anyone who thinks that God is not real and the Bible cannot be true. Sodom and Gomorrah, The Red Sea crossing and Noah’s Ark have all been found, just where the Bible says they are, and every prophecy ever written has come to pass, including now in our days. Our whole world is based on Jesus Christ’s life, BC and AD, for a reason, because he is very real and so is Judgement. Don’t give up the free gift of eternal life without seeking God with all your heart first, Jesus loves you so much and wants you to have eternal life, anyone who calls on Jesus with a genuine heart and asks him to save them from their sins, will soon know how real he is. God bless. ❤🙏🕊 Reply 18 replies Country Living Country Living 4 days ago The Bible is the oldest and the most accurate documentary concerning the origin of humanity. . 1 Reply 2 replies Ceto Coquinto Ceto Coquinto 11 days ago (edited) The real life indiana jones hehehe. Admire these people who do this endevours. 1 Reply Beth Hutch Beth Hutch 11 days ago the earth is young - Darwin's theory has been proven wrong. Let's remember the title of one of his famous books :"On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races" Shere racism Reply 5 replies Eddie Rosa Eddie Rosa 11 days ago The missing link between Homoerectus and Homosapien points to the ANUNNAKI Reply 3 replies Peter Batterham Peter Batterham 9 days ago It is strange how many people still believe that the cradle of humanity was in the middle east where a god created the first human 6000 years ago. 4 Reply 1 reply Chris Collins Chris Collins 6 days ago If you read and understand the Bible you will find out exactly 1 Reply 8 replies deep purple deep purple 11 days ago How does longer lactation give humans the edge. I would have taught the quicker one grows the quicker the brain grows with it. Learning faster should mean your better prepared in how to protect one self, it should give it the edge. So why am I wrong in my thinking. 🤔☘️ Reply 1 reply Mojtaba Bezan Mojtaba Bezan 11 days ago Hi! there, I wonder how fossils can be found by digging up only two metres after millions of years. Reply 1 reply Scrap & Pallet Man Scrap & Pallet Man 12 days ago I can't believe a science documentary even thought to utter the words "missing link". No, just no. 😶 8 Reply 2 replies Edib Besirevic Edib Besirevic 10 days ago During covid 19 pandemic we discovered "conspiracy theories, they dont have missing links and they come true in 3 to 6 months. That's why free humanity really believes in this kind of theories 😂 2 Reply 1 reply tommy russo tommy russo 18 hours ago i say thatman did not come from one spot ,,, one spot anything is not congruent with the way the plant works ,it just dose not work that way ! 1 Reply gino enas gino enas 8 days ago But I though that God created the first human being along with everything that lives on Earth both nature and the animal kingdom. Apes were born as Apes and human beings were created as human being, so it is impossible that our ancestors were apes. 4 Reply 3 replies Ingrida Svilainyte Ingrida Svilainyte 7 days ago impossible to watch too much long commercials 2 Reply Kevin De Vlieger Kevin De Vlieger 5 days ago Subtitles instead of voiceovers please. Reply JK Smith JK Smith 12 days ago according to Canadian president Trudeau, it is Peoplekind. Yes he killed mankind. 🤣 3 Reply Jonathan Richards Jonathan Richards 7 days ago "God said" Reply robert robert 10 days ago bad day for animals when humans evolved 1 Reply john delong john delong 12 days ago Primordial soup I tells ya 3 Reply 1 reply D Banks D Banks 9 days ago Maybe the next civilization can control their own population, not kill each other, learn what super organism, win-win, sustainable, and non duality mean. Reply D Banks D Banks 9 days ago Maybe the next civilization can control their own population, not kill each other, learn what super organism, win-win, sustainable, and non duality mean. Reply martin masadao martin masadao 12 days ago Why are Adam and Eve depicted to have belly buttons? 7 Reply WokeAF WokeAF 9 days ago (edited) So the longer it took to wean a baby the smarter it became, tell your wives to be prepared to not wean their children for many many years, a sacrifice has to be made, dayum Reply Ronald Biver Ronald Biver 12 days ago Five-star doco, learn a lot from it, well done DW Documentary. But the western religion told me that Adam & Eve were the first humans and God created them. I am confused. I rest my case. 2 Reply 1 reply anton glas anton glas 4 days ago It`s just speculation and theory, we`ll never really know unless a time machine is invented and we can go and see for ourselves. 1 Reply 1 reply Rod O'Brien Rod O'Brien 11 hours ago GODS WERE WE COME FROM. Reply 1 reply Taria Messer Taria Messer 10 days ago Thank You Reply Lewis C Lewis C 8 days ago I don’t know how Europeans, Asians or Africans were created, but we native Americans were created by our Gods! At least my tribes were!! That’s how we came to be. 2 Reply 2 replies Dwane Dexter Dwane Dexter 1 day ago Yep, this is where humans evolved from and my ancestors and myself are just lucky to make their way back to the motherland. So all you people abroad better bow your heads before me when you come on vacation Reply Rye Astra Rye Astra 11 days ago Your answers are all in the Holy Bible. 4 Reply 3 replies Kabumanu W Kabumanu W 12 days ago 😆 🤣 lately the west ask the silliest of questions...who is a woman...when does life begin and now where did humans come from...I guess next they will questions if 1plus1 is 2 next 😆 🤣 😂 😹 3 Reply 1 reply Shawn Becker Shawn Becker 6 days ago The first humans were created by the alien race ANNUNAKI. 1 Reply Meer Bijoy Meer Bijoy 6 days ago Hazrat Adam Alaihis Salam is the first human being in this world. 1 Reply 1 reply john delong john delong 12 days ago Assumptions piled upon assumptions don't produce truth. 8 Reply 28 replies sasa lang sasa lang 7 days ago we should back on trees and never go down again its the best for everyones. 1 Reply MyLifeForAuir87 MyLifeForAuir87 5 days ago @11:10 i guess back then it was called “Kromwet”? Reply Horizon Horizon 11 days ago Total lies. 3 Reply 2 replies Wright Wrong50 Wright Wrong50 6 days ago If earth was flat we will fall off at the edges 2 Reply Angel Anela July Angel Anela July 9 days ago What about Lumeria? Mu? Reply Rick Norris Rick Norris 11 days ago Look at a pile of dirt and then look at an “ape” and then tell me where we came from. 1 Reply 2 replies Dean Dean 11 days ago We still don't know enough.. 1 Reply Suzette Williams Suzette Williams 1 day ago (edited) It was aliens, thre was this giant obelisk that zapped a passing Australopithecus and then he/she picked up a rock. Oh no 🤔 wait that was the film 2001. Reply Simone Campbell Simone Campbell 10 days ago Dust by dust to the end if the earth and back . Design me from scratch ..... Reply Rhetoric Rhetoric 12 days ago how did they exist side by side in a tiny area for supposedly a million years? The three species must have coexisted with one another, the findings dont make sense otherwise. 2 Reply Salt Daemon Salt Daemon 11 days ago @40:23... So does 'epigenetics' diverge from an 'instinct' at this point? ~ Just a passing thought I'd blurt out if this were a college lecture. 1 Reply Richard Boykin Richard Boykin 10 days ago That Nigerian girl is omg Reply foodie foodie foodie foodie 8 days ago what about Lucy in Ethiopia? 1 Reply YouTube troll YouTube troll 12 days ago your looking in wrong place... look in the water😗😗 1 Reply Vagolyk Vagolyk 11 days ago The secret ingredient is more milk. Reply Gus Gone Gus Gone 10 days ago What is the definition of the "First Human." Is it the first H. sapiens sapiens. I don't think so. Reply Elayne El-Adly Elayne El-Adly 11 days ago iNsaNity !!! !!! 🤯 Reply marc verhaegen marc verhaegen 9 days ago Kromdraai has 0 to do with "our direct ancestors": most S.Afr.australopiths were fossil relatives of Pan, E.Afr.australopiths of Gorilla. Retroviral evidence shows that Pliocene Homo was in S-Asia (->early-Pleist.Java). Bipedalism: all Hominoidea were orthograde (at least Miocene), not for running after antelopes over savannas as outdated PAs still believe, but simply for wading upright in swamp forests + climbing arms overhead in the branches above the swamp: most if not all Mio-Pliocene hominoids ("apes") were aquarboreal (aqua=water, arbor=tree) in swamp/coastal/mangrove... forests: wading bipedally upright + cllmbing arms overhead in the branches above the swamp. Simple, no? For a purely scientific (non-anthropo- nor afrocentric) view of ape & human evolution, google: -for Mio-Pliocene hominoid evolution: google "aquarboreal", -Plio-Pleistocene Homo, google e.g. "human evolution Verhaegen". Reply Wally BingBang Wally BingBang 10 days ago Man - Natures Greatest Mistake Reply Uma Sankar Uma Sankar 4 days ago Start from South Pole "Lemuriya Continent" not from Africa. Reply Graham Fisher Graham Fisher 10 days ago they went UP onto two feet because you can handle tools better on two feet.. Reply 1 reply T N T T N T 3 days ago Instead of 45 min talking , you can use just one word : mutation Reply Shablé Shablé 8 days ago I'm just a simple caveman, but let me see if I understand this, as babies we love our mother's milk longer so it gave us chins and eating meat gave us bigger brains? 1 Reply Eskimo Eskimo 9 days ago Everyone should already know the oldest human bones were found in Africa. Over 3million years ago. There’s better info on YouTube etc.. Reply 1 reply Grumple Skiltpin Grumple Skiltpin 8 days ago Mesopotamia? Reply ronald white ronald white 8 days ago Thank - you . ( 2023 / Jan / 18 ) Reply Bridget Treese Bridget Treese 7 days ago soooooo we weren't made from an invisible man? Reply andros hendo andros hendo 11 days ago #mankind... Reply H M H M 1 day ago We serve no purpose to non humans. Reply Gram Charles Gram Charles 3 days ago The Human Genome Project showed that: Sub-Seharan Africans carry a gene from an ancient hominid not found in Asians or Caucasians. Reply I bring the Last words I bring the Last words 9 days ago we are genetically modified by aliens :) Reply North Georgia North Georgia 5 days ago Humans didn't evolve on Earth, we were brought here and dropped off. 1 Reply Shrugg 65 Shrugg 65 3 days ago The missing piece is God. Reply 2 replies Lynn Parker Lynn Parker 11 days ago What came first? The human or the egg? 1 Reply 5 replies YouTube Moderator 1216 YouTube Moderator 1216 7 days ago Really filling in the blanks aren’t we? A lot of this is speculation, so hopefully the people that watch there’s no this isn’t fact. 1 Reply Running Bastards Running Bastards 10 days ago Thought the cradle was in Ethiopia? Did it shift to South Africa? Reply 3 replies CRAIG B CRAIG B 9 days ago When humanoids lose their hair? 1 Reply 2 replies The King of the Jungle The King of the Jungle 7 days ago So still its unclear!. What about the incredible DND which is full of information!. Let us know the source of that amazing information!. Information doesn't come to existence just by chance!. Reply 8 replies CODM-YoMaMa©® CODM-YoMaMa©® 1 day ago (edited) Think that we live life. 🧬 What is it? Do thing experience life that we don't think it's life? Reply Vaughan McCue Vaughan McCue 10 days ago Moses didn't get a mention. I suppose mythology isn't part of science. 1 Reply kennyWhateva kennyWhateva 8 days ago 3.7 million years old .. smh .. Africa … Reply Ike Ikie Ike Ikie 10 days ago Like these mortal Beings would know Ffs............................ Reply 1 reply phiddle phart phiddle phart 7 days ago Why is it necessary to ASS u me that modern man originally originated from only one site? Sometimes there are more than just ONE answer to a problem! Reply S fox S fox 8 days ago (edited) Well guess what? We are all africans. So please treat us well as we gave u life and reason of existence. Well done for the scientists Reply Punk Punk 10 days ago glad to see the comment section ain't infested with religious people. but they'll show up, and then, y'all will be wrong, except them. lol. btw, nice documentary as always, keep up the good work ✌️ 1 Reply 3 replies King Wero King Wero 5 hours ago We are not the first human civilization. Reply 9122155123 Carroll 9122155123 Carroll 2 days ago If ALIANS had something to do with humans 7 million years ago.. an flying our sky's today. They are in deed more advanced that anything we can amagene today Reply G M G M 6 days ago Easy way to steal treasures by pretending archeologists 1 Reply G-G G-G 12 days ago To the south african Doctor in the documentary, what the hell does apartheid and being a black woman have to do with finding humankind's start?? 1 Reply Tyler Lormand Tyler Lormand 12 days ago BRUHH I NEVER HEARD A TUCK RUN SO QUITE Reply Barrie.A.Bella Barrie.A.Bella 4 days ago Do they believe what their bible tells them about how humans come to be? Reply 1 reply private priv private priv 8 days ago In the beginning God created Reply 3 replies Garry Garry 11 days ago Why the background music? People with hearing impairment are not able to hear the words. 2 Reply 1 reply t m t m 8 days ago I bought my kids from walmart. Reply 1 reply Paul Mogaka Paul Mogaka 1 day ago why are they (Paleontologists) always coming to Africa to investigate the early days of the human species. is it because Africa hasn't been adulterated by industrialization? Reply lll MASS lll lll MASS lll 9 days ago Dr mantobi is a low-key babe Reply Ben Susaj Ben Susaj 21 hours ago woooowww...How you can lie like that??? This is a story for disabled people and for babies 6 to 12 months old. Reply Miskatonic Machines Miskatonic Machines 11 days ago Bigfoot sighting @ 13:28. Stay woke. Reply Elisabeth T. Elisabeth T. 11 days ago Maybe we should have stayed more like the chimpanzees.... Reply 1 reply Don Campbell Don Campbell 5 days ago good job with the recreations. they are all fully bipedal and don't have the "Groucho gait". Reply Доцент Доцент 12 days ago WTF? I DIDN'T QUET GET COME AGAIN - TWO TANKS FOR 800 ML FRONT LINE??? GOT BLESS THE KING..)) Reply 1 reply CITISLYM CITISLYM 9 days ago 👽🤳✍️🩸🎗️🥇🧭🗣️💫✍🏿🌐🏆🧳🐐🙏🤖🏅🥉🧠🥅🫀⛱️☠️🪃💩👻🎖️ Reply Freedom Freedom 10 days ago (edited) There is no Missing link or Ring. Evolution is gradual process in Matter of milions of years . Very slit defference in the next Generation could end uo to Big differences with ancestors in Millions of years. Reply KK KK 10 days ago EARTH💚🫡 Reply 1 reply Jens Pedersen Jens Pedersen 9 days ago Why do you not bother to pronounce the name Jose so it does not sound like Josie! Reply Trophin Ioan Trophin Ioan 9 days ago hey ... there are other discovery that the human is from another place.... so, where are you from ? 1832? Reply Miroslav Klobučník Miroslav Klobučník 11 days ago This should be called Cradle of filth. Reply ricky shaker ricky shaker 3 days ago No humans can answer this question...and should never be able to....we should always have some awe and wonder to our makeup....but no, CAUCASIANS always act like they have ALL THE ANSWERS! PHEWY! 1 Reply S R S R 9 days ago Answer to the question - a lot of insest Reply O_O O_O 12 days ago are they speaking afrikaans ? 1 Reply 1 reply Azymight Azymight 11 days ago living on trees like monkeys. Reply polonium polonium 3 days ago For the answer start from africa Reply AndreiK AndreiK 10 days ago (edited) you mean germans ? DW? :)) Reply Daddy Daddy 4 days ago We are created my God. End of story. Reply 1 reply PRABA BALA PRABA BALA 11 days ago what happened to the Neanderthals ore when did they come in the picture? 1 Reply 1 reply Carl Thornton Carl Thornton 1 day ago Very Good!... #1651 ✝ {1-25-2023} Reply Kelly K Kelly K 12 days ago So many ads! 2 Reply 1 reply berglen100 berglen100 8 days ago Dream in mortal theories avoid Imaginations oldest thoughts for creation you chain. Reply Kennth Kennth 10 days ago Most people from Africa that i worked with on factory jobs don't know this history. They are Muslim Christian and everything besides there true selves Reply Nonya Bizness Nonya Bizness 11 days ago are the narrators of these docs ~trying~ to sound like machines, or are machines trying to sound like human narrators? naggingly annoying either way. Reply Ko Tilman Ko Tilman 11 days ago (edited) Never seen a documentary with so many speculations and suggestive links to certain idea's about where humans came from. Science mixed up with suggestions, a bad combination. Also dating methods are mentioned, though without scientific prove. E.g. the radioactive decay method. In this case of uranium - lead, in the soil where the bone fragments were found (19.16 in the video). 15 january 2023. Reply Joseph Bertolini Joseph Bertolini 11 days ago The Khoisan race, the natives of Southern Africa. The oldest and least respected race in human history. 1 Reply 1 reply CobaltBomba CobaltBomba 12 days ago Between 70000 and 50000 years ago, the first bipedal fully evolved humankind emerged in South East and Noth Africa. 2 Reply 4 replies Ken Sohappy Clegg Ken Sohappy Clegg 10 days ago General consensus is wrong. He's looking on the wrong planet Reply 6 replies The Seventh Generation The Seventh Generation 11 days ago Loose theories based on scarce evidence. I still need more data. Reply AJAY SINGH AJAY SINGH 11 days ago (edited) Truth is how many proofs scientists have that humans has evolved from animals. And not that humans has decreased in their capacities in the cycle of lakhs of years how little scientists know they till now can't understand and explain samaadhi state. Why we can't accept the knowledge yogis has given us about human existence. Reply 4 replies Jeff Jones Jeff Jones 4 days ago Stoned apes. Reply Kionte' Goodall Kionte' Goodall 11 days ago She is beautiful Reply Rijker Smith Rijker Smith 9 days ago I am a reincarnated soul that was thrown into a volcano by Xenu Reply 1 reply Always Anonymous Always Anonymous 6 days ago Still don't think we came out of Africa 1 Reply 1 reply ParcelOf Rogue ParcelOf Rogue 12 days ago Australopithecus, the pithy Australian, telling racist jokes to strangers around the Barbie 1 Reply Peter Griffin☃️ Peter Griffin☃️ 11 days ago Creationists must watch this amazing doc and they gotta stop believing bullshitty adam-eve story. 1 Reply 3 replies Ged Headwind Ged Headwind 5 days ago why need to comment about your colour dear . .. . 2 Reply John Porovic John Porovic 4 days ago (edited) Yes,,he is search , but, it will not tell you the truth ,,they will not let him, even if he wanted .....so,,is waste of time, to even listening to him... Reply MICKY MAC MICKY MAC 11 days ago Islam in the corner🙄 Reply Frances Frances 11 days ago 👎Too many commercial interruptions👎 1 Reply Dave Harringbone Dave Harringbone 12 days ago Free teeth 2 Reply VA Ok VA Ok 7 days ago The only problem with human is that they don't want to agree with the truth.thy make what they want to be the truth thy agree with. let's turn to God and all the answers we are looking for we will find in Him. Reply 2 replies Jorge Crisantos Jorge Crisantos 11 days ago Maaaaaan Reply Mohan Prashanth Mohan Prashanth 11 days ago Huh? How can uranium turn to lead? Reply 1 reply Omni Guy Omni Guy 8 days ago god dunnit. Reply 1 reply MrRomucha MrRomucha 11 days ago How ridiculous? Reply 1 reply Sir OG Sir OG 12 days ago Likes my people 2 Reply Yvonne Plant Yvonne Plant 4 days ago Not going to look in these comments. But the religionists, with their Bronze Age POV, think they know. 2 Reply M Something M Something 10 days ago back to monke Reply BoZaK BoZaK 1 day ago [Genesis 1:26] "Then God said, “Let us make mankind in our image, in our likeness, so that they may rule over the fish in the sea and the birds in the sky, over the livestock and all the wild animals, and over all the creatures that move along the ground.” That's how did humans come to be. Read your Bible (Word of God), and gain true wisdom. Reply 1 reply Tom Weber Tom Weber 10 days ago Lol and the French again no English Reply Scott Donnelly Scott Donnelly 9 days ago Flat Earthers ha 1 Reply steve borton steve borton 11 days ago After 26 minutes I had to stop watching this. I am amazed at how poorly the information is presented in this day and age. A lot of sensationalism about the first human etc. So far there has been zero mention of the finds of the Olduvai Gorge or the work by Johanssen. They seem to be trying to add to the story that humans originated in South Africa rather than farther north. This has been a debate going on for about twenty years but DW is only presenting one side of the story. No mention about Lucy and her many relatives that have been discovered. Etc etc etc. The people praising this must not have much knowledge of Paleontology. Reply lpi avelino lpi avelino 11 days ago is it always a male which changes from one species to another or does the female as well? Reply 1 reply Clouds Clouds 6 days ago *MANKIND. 2 Reply 2Phast4Rocket 2Phast4Rocket 8 days ago Where is the ark? Reply 2 replies Steven Baker Steven Baker 5 days ago Heard a little: Jesus of Nazareth in there. Reply Steven Baker Steven Baker 5 days ago Heard a little: Jesus of Nazareth in there. Reply Nathan Newman Nathan Newman 7 days ago (edited) Tells ya f all. So the answer is they have no idea still. They just found some kid from England with bad teeth. They didn't say how we first became or anything. 1 Reply 6 replies clips clips 12 days ago Ye sir Reply tonkatoytruck tonkatoytruck 7 days ago Way too many assumptions made in this video for my liking. 2 Reply 2 replies C C 11 days ago WE WUZ HUMANZ N SHIEEET 1 Reply Claudius Pereira Claudius Pereira 6 hours ago ...........What utter perversion of reality !............ Reply 1 reply Ljudi Čovjek Ljudi Čovjek 5 days ago jesus Reply David Filer David Filer 10 days ago They woz knockuped by the baby jesus, says so in me little book of magical fantasy tales. 1 Reply Practical climber Practical climber 7 days ago Humans did not come from apes or monkeys. The problem with that theory, is there isn’t an answer as to why there were only a few monkeys and apes that evolved and not all. As soon as one says that it was selective and random, more questions arrive. If this theory is to be convincing the question as to why this monkey but not that one must be answered. 1 Reply 9 replies wils wils 11 days ago Earth first human was found in China, near Beijing. Advance Chinese technology dated the human to 3 million years ago. All humans and civilizations come from China, thank you. Reply 2 replies LIONFARM LIONFARM 4 days ago OOEH Eurasia with no support to the OOAH 1 Reply Think about it Think about it 5 days ago (edited) Botched the title on this. lol. a better title would have been "watch some paleontologists NOT find out how old these random fossils are and remain unsure about the missing link" 1 Reply 1 reply Kevin Chantal van de Bek Kevin Chantal van de Bek 7 days ago Evolution is a religion 1 Reply 3 replies Mr. Bono Mr. Bono 11 days ago wont download - progress Reply EL_CHAPO_UPPI EL_CHAPO_UPPI 11 days ago STILL AFTER ALL THIS PROOF'S OF HUMAN EVOLUTION , THEY SAY GOD CREATED ADAM AND EVE . 2 Reply 1 reply crazy train crazy train 5 days ago God 2 Reply 4 replies Eamoinn McKinley Eamoinn McKinley 12 days ago Bollocks, this idea he been debunked. 1 Reply 3 replies Jose Aguilar, Jr Jose Aguilar, Jr 5 days ago INDOCTRINATION IS DEEP CONTINUE WITH YOUR DAILY PROGRAMMING 🤡 1 Reply 1 reply mrmatt24 mrmatt24 10 days ago I try listening, but the narration is just so bland I can't do it. Reply Darab U. Julhaz Darab U. Julhaz 9 days ago All r Unreliable assumption !!! Reply 1 reply N0sk N0sk 6 hours ago christians = 😭😭😭 Reply powerbreed powerbreed 11 days ago Does this mean Vegans will die out like Paranthropus ? Reply 1 reply Robert Daoust Robert Daoust 11 days ago And GOD created man in his own image..... 1 Reply 3 replies Calvin neal Calvin neal 9 days ago Water man land 1 Reply Iftekhairul Alam Iftekhairul Alam 8 days ago If humans come from apes then why are there still apes. Why did not they evolve with us. Any logical explanation Darwin's followers? Reply 4 replies myrlyn12 myrlyn12 9 days ago Take that, all you vegetarian/vegan weirdos! Paranthropus already tried it and evolution said no! 😆 Reply THINKING TECH! THINKING TECH! 10 days ago Fraud. Those are just other apes there’s no missing link or any link to humans Reply 4 replies Icarus 877 Icarus 877 11 days ago So amusing on 22 minutes the two guys talking about the slope of the chin and being able to take a date from that. It is of course utter BS, just look at the different slopes of the chins of the guys speaking to each other. These silly little cabbages will be laughed at by everyone in 50 years time -perhaps it is just me who can no longer take this utter gibberish seriously. Time for me to sign out. Reply 9 replies Cisco de Almeida Cisco de Almeida 7 days ago Yo guys wate a lifetime in vain, eery year the theory changes. 1 Reply 14 replies Farhan Rasool Farhan Rasool 9 days ago Darwin the Atheist Reply Iron Clay Iron Clay 11 days ago WARNING Christians - You're Not going to like this - It Marks The Spot Where Jesus Died. Reply Mehdi Mouhmy Mehdi Mouhmy 6 days ago Adam 1 Reply Jesus is God’s only begotten Son Jesus is God’s only begotten Son 7 days ago It is God who has made us and not we ourselves Reply 4 replies SYA 007 SYA 007 8 days ago god or creator created all of universe and all of creations .lf you no believe where did you come from and where will you go Reply 3 replies gts3004 gts3004 9 days ago This program is contradicting the Bible 1 Reply 3 replies Shah Samat Shah Samat 11 days ago Even a person not scientist know first human is Adam & Eve.. 1 Reply 4 replies Jessica Kilmer Jessica Kilmer 10 days ago king James Bible has all the answers to science if you dont close your mind to it. Reply 6 replies Jhonathan T. Wahngore Jhonathan T. Wahngore 9 days ago We are arrive here 16 thousand years ago, with high technology for mining, with 50 thousand "slaves miner" ! The slaves realized, the we lost and we not able to communicate, the place where we came from ! So they escape because this planet was a freedom for them ! Then the crew with the board doctors, catch them one by one, and chemically erased they memory! Then start the gold mining, cause, more then a ten years the technicians try to communicate with the mother planet without succeed ! So after a lot of failure, the crew as a "leaders" and the 50vthousand slaves, as a folk start the (from the beginning sad) New life on the earth ! The folks (us) because they don't have any memories from the past they was continuously curious where they are from and start dreaming about stars etc....! But always asking where, when, why, etc... The "leaders" start to figuring, and mixing with they own believing and "symbols" the gods, the symbolism, religions, etc...But all figured things was explain to us, we are from here, and never was mention after where we are from, because the "leader" want to delete the thinking about, we can move from here to other, planet or galaxy ! And we are the grandsons of that miners, or crew members, and because they died already but keep asking where we are from, and our "technology" developed, but we already believed lot of fake knowing, and our "leaders" start to hate each other, and they not concentrate anymore a chance we are go home, they just wanna keep this paradise, and fight against each other by us (soldiers) and investing all knowledge and "money" to the fight, not for to go home ! How I knowing this, hm....I am a gran, gran........... gran son of the Captain off the boat, and our real history was tell to the gran, gran, .........gran..........for me ! ! ! You have funny theories, and more, more funny questions and, extremely fun answers ! ! You have only the mixing of lies and fantasies from that lies by mixing your brain THAT'S IT ! ! Reply 2 replies Kirk's Hair Piece Kirk's Hair Piece 7 days ago Total nonsense. 1 Reply 1 reply Clayton de Carvalho Clayton de Carvalho 12 days ago (edited) For 100 thousand years we're on earth but only about 4 thousand years ago we could think of writing our history suddenly by means of an alphabet. Why in 90 thousand years of existence we couldn't draw a mere ''A'', it's a mystery. Reply 4 replies Dar ALHIKAYAT دار الحكايات Dar ALHIKAYAT دار الحكايات 10 days ago We are not Animals Reply 4 replies Liviu Oniga Liviu Oniga 6 days ago Lies 1 Reply 2 replies Sinachrev Hiram Sinachrev Hiram 5 days ago This is fake all I know are the white people came from march😂🤣😅 Reply Mark Frieser Mark Frieser 12 days ago Oh, we're all alien/ape hybrids. The Aliens came, spliced their DNA with Australopithecus, showed our ancestors how to build pyramids, gave us some Sky Daddy mythology and left us to sort ourselves out. Simple. Or at least as rational as any other ideas we come up with. 1 Reply 7 replies dirygehayu dirygehayu 12 days ago WE Reply 2 replies Speedy Gonzales Speedy Gonzales 8 days ago Genesis 1:26-27 KJV [26] And God said, Let us make man in our image, after our likeness: and let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over the cattle, and over all the earth, and over every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth. [27] So God created man in his own image, in the image of God created he him; male and female created he them. Reply 3 replies KB KB 7 days ago "1 In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. 2 He was in the beginning with God. 3 All things were made through Him, and without Him nothing was made that was made. 4 In Him was life, and the life was the light of men. 5 And the light shines in the darkness, and the darkness did not comprehend it. 6 There was a man sent from God, whose name was John. 7 This man came for a witness, to bear witness of the Light, that all through him might believe. 8 He was not that Light, but was sent to bear witness of that Light. 9 That was the true Light which gives light to every man coming into the world. 10 He was in the world, and the world was made through Him, and the world did not know Him. 11 He came to His own, and His own did not receive Him. 12 But as many as received Him, to them He gave the right to become children of God, to those who believe in His name: 13 who were born, not of blood, nor of the will of the flesh, nor of the will of man, but of God. 14 And the Word became flesh and dwelt among us, and we beheld His glory, the glory as of the only begotten of the Father, full of grace and truth. 15 John bore witness of Him and cried out, saying, “This was He of whom I said, ‘He who comes after me is preferred before me, for He was before me.’ ” 16 And of His fullness we have all received, and grace for grace. 17 For the law was given through Moses, but grace and truth came through Jesus Christ. 18 No one has seen God at any time. The only begotten Son, who is in the bosom of the Father, He has declared Him." John 1:1-18 NKJV Reply 4 replies L B L B 11 days ago Genesis 1:1 In the beginning God created the Heavens and the Earth..... 1 Reply 5 replies Mick King Mick King 1 day ago Fake news. Reply Unassuming Nob Unassuming Nob 11 days ago God gave you to a debased mind , that you neither acknowledge Him whom you know is even The Eternal One God The Supreme Holiness . Reply James Anagnos James Anagnos 1 hour ago nothing but guessing and missinformation, none of you are even close to the truth Reply E.A. P E.A. P 6 days ago Adam and Eve obviously 1 Reply 1 reply inafaroole ak inafaroole ak 12 days ago What about Adam and Eve? 4 Reply 6 replies BobbiJo BobbiJo 1 day ago Didn't Jesus make humans? Adam and Eve? Reply 1 reply Yasir Yasir 12 days ago I don't about you guys I definitely did not come from fish or monkeys. My first ancestor was the first Human created by God 1 Reply 12 replies zabaleta zabaleta 15 hours ago Evolution......another fairytale. Reply 1 reply Peter Wubs Peter Wubs 11 days ago We where created by God. Denied that and had to be saved by Jesus Christ. But in general I love youre channel DW 😎 Reply 4 replies Alexander Michael Alexander Michael 3 days ago In the beginning, God created the Heaven, and the Earth, say or believe anything else, your a Devil, and Hell bound. Reply 1 reply mr evil mr evil 3 days ago What happened to Adam and eve , is Bible lying Reply 1 reply 7heaven100 7heaven100 11 days ago Find Jesus 2 Reply 3 replies MN Drummer MN Drummer 11 days ago Where does God fit in? Roughly 95% of the world believes in some sort of supreme being. That would lead me to believe there needs to be some serious consideration and discussion on this. 1 Reply 5 replies FOLLOWER OF JESUS CHRIST FOLLOWER OF JESUS CHRIST 9 days ago Do not be DECEIVED by Unproven THIS LIES! Genesis 1:26 KJV And God said, Let us make man in our image, after our likeness: and let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over the cattle, and over all the earth, and over every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth. Revelation 4:11 - Thou art worthy, O Lord, to receive glory and honour and power: for thou hast created all things, and for thy pleasure they are and were created. Isaiah 43:7 KJV Even every one that is called by my name: for I have created him for my glory, I have formed him; yea, I have made him. Colossians 1:16 KJV For by him were all things created, that are in heaven, and that are in earth, visible and invisible, whether they be thrones, or dominions, or principalities, or powers: all things were created by him, and for him: THE ETERNAL TRUTH wether you Believe it or Not 2 Reply 3 replies Sandra Dixon Sandra Dixon 9 days ago I think it’s very sad that so many people believe in evolution because they were taught that it’s a fact when actually it isn’t. Humans like all living things here on earth were created by God. He also created “the heavens and the earth”. (Genesis 1:1) It takes a greater leap of faith to believe in evolution than to believe in creation. If it requires intelligent humans to design and make artificial intelligence then logically it takes an intelligent Being to create humans who are far more complex. The fossil record supports the Bible account of creation not evolution. When archeologists find an ancient spear tip they rightfully conclude that an intelligent being designed and made it. They know that it didn’t just evolve by itself. If something so simple and inanimate needs a maker then it’s obvious that all life on earth needed a Maker. Humans are unique in that they can appreciate music, art, etc. They can imagine, plan, and do so many amazing things because of their incredibly designed brain and body. Humans alone want to know how we came to be, why we are here and what the purpose of life is along with many other important questions such as why we grow old and die, what happens when we die as well as what the future holds. All of these questions and more are answered by our Creator in the Bible. He has a wonderful future planned for people who want to live in peace and unity with everyone else. He will very shortly bring about drastic changes on the earth, Psalm 37:10, 11, 29 says: “Just a little while longer and the wicked will be no more; you will look at where they were, and they will not be there. But the meek will possess the earth, and they will find exquisite delight in the abundance of peace. The righteous will possess the earth, and they will live forever on it”. Reply 4 replies Skye Masterson Skye Masterson 10 days ago Since y'all asked. As per The evangelical christian cult, about 2k to 6k yrs ago, their god created The Planet Earth, (Not the other Planets, tho. Just Earth). Then, on the 3rd or 5th day, ppl were created in his (god's) own image. god also created The Sun (Not the other Stars tho)...U don't believe me? Pay a visit to The "Creation Museum, in Ky. Reply 1 reply Matthew Marchesano Matthew Marchesano 12 days ago First Reply 2 replies Raymond Fox Raymond Fox 6 days ago Man is Not,, 🐒, Sorry,))) 1 Reply 2 replies Collins O'Connor Collins O'Connor 12 hours ago This documentary is false. The cradle of human kind is in Germany and Ukraina. Reply 3 replies Mooktadir A Mooktadir A 12 days ago The world is 6000 years old.. Blasphemy! 3 Reply 10 replies Fun Stuff, Keep Munchin, Be Thankful Fun Stuff, Keep Munchin, Be Thankful 11 days ago Dig way deeper and start around the flood changed everything Reply 2 replies Rafael Serrano Rafael Serrano 9 days ago Such nonsense.. 2 Reply 3 replies Frank weaver Frank weaver 11 days ago Seek the Bible. There you will find your answers for how we were made and why were here 1 Reply 2 replies R Smith R Smith 1 day ago You might be interested to know a little about our Creator, God the Father, Jehovah Yahweh. Watch: "Look At Life Through GOD's Eyes | Prophet Dr. David Owuor | November 27, 2022" on Repent & Come Out of The Great Tribulation. Amen Reply 12 replies scotchbriteandsoda scotchbriteandsoda 11 days ago The information in this video does not support current scientific data and findings. Human civilization migrated TO not FROM Africa Reply 1 reply David Wheeler David Wheeler 6 days ago God created Adam and Eve on the sixth day of creation. So God created mankind in his own image, in the image of God he created them; male and female he created them. If stupid secular "scientists" started with the information, that God has already given us, they might make a lot of genuine progress in a short time. 1 Reply 2 replies Beth Hutch Beth Hutch 11 days ago Read Genesis - God doesn't lie 1 Reply 4 replies Jabra Meyralle Jabra Meyralle 12 days ago How did humans come to be? Well, they were created by GOD. 4 Reply 8 replies tomas neel tomas neel 7 days ago Those who think evolution is true, forget how entropy stops that fallacy dead. I use to think Evolution was the answer till i read the Book of Mormon . I know with out a Doubt. God is real.. I admonish you to read it and Ponder. Isaiah 29 in the Old testament speaks of the (sealed Book) Reply 1 reply Ario Vist Ario Vist 11 days ago This is pseudo-science 1 Reply 8 replies Super Nova Super Nova 12 days ago Why are you digging up the sad past 1 Reply 4 replies Reba Crow Reba Crow 9 days ago You are crazy Reply 1 reply Boris Boris 9 days ago (edited) Read the Bible - Adam & Eve were made in the image of God - Jesus Christ is our Creator. John 14:6. Reply 3 replies Igbo Nation Igbo Nation 12 days ago I am descendant of God, created in his image and No anthropologist can dispute that until they tell me who and what created the first human. 5 Reply 5 replies For Real For Real 11 days ago The first human was Adam 1 Reply 18 replies Hilton Morris Hilton Morris 11 days ago The 300000 year old Adams calendar and the over 10 million ruins all over South Africa debunks most of these lies Reply Festus Penda Asino Festus Penda Asino 9 days ago Lies Reply 1 reply blackrain303 blackrain303 12 days ago Gen 1:1 In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth. Gen 1:26 👉🏾And God said, Let us make man in our image, after our likeness👈🏾: and let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over the cattle, and over all the earth, and over every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth.😊👍🏾 2 Reply 15 replies الإخلاص زينة المرء الإخلاص زينة المرء 11 days ago Why do all the storyteller's voices sound gay? Reply 1 reply Here Kitty Here Kitty 11 days ago Devolved from gorillas 1 Reply Raye jones Raye jones 11 days ago Try reading the Bible you will find your answer there! 2 Reply 3 replies Emma Love Emma Love 10 days ago You want to know where man came from? Pick up a Bible and read the first chapter of Genesis. This differs from other "theories" in that this story is the truth, not theory. Refuse to believe this Word and your future is very bleak. Reply 5 replies wally smet wally smet 9 days ago The mythological lie of evolution. When humans "appeared" lolol. Lemme guess....when the last monkey-people couple gave birth to a human? That's when humans "emerged." Reply 4 replies Reza Reza 9 days ago (edited) Well my ancestors are Human, not ape nor a fish. There is a skeleton found in Indonesia which lived on this earth before "homosapiens". Reply 2 replies High Plains Rider High Plains Rider 12 days ago Good documentary.. But if we are just a product of nothing, or evolution, then why bother to study these kinds of things. Its just a waste of time. This really no purpose in life so why make some. Why do we need to care for someone or something, why the need to feel loved or to love. We just came from nothing, there is no point why we are living. Or our inner thoughts or inner makings of our selves just evolve also? Why do grieve when loved ones die? We shouldnt be because really there is no point in living because we are just a by product of a spark millions of years ago. Why do we want to live longer, like we go to the doctor if we are sick cause we want to get well..Why? There's no point because our lives doesnt matter. Our feelings, emotions, the person inside us shouldnt be there, the heck even our language is just evolution so why bother about it..we dont need to have those things called hope, love , etc., those things that make us human because there is no point in having these things. there is no purpose in life. why make some. We are just the same as our chimpanzee ancestors, we should live like them., or the ones before them like the amoebas or those in between.. There is not even a point why im asking these things now because it doesnt matter. There' s no point why we are here so why make some.. 3 Reply 3 replies raf raf 12 days ago ''Humans evolved from apes'' the greatest lie ever told 3 Reply 5 replies Dororo Dororo 12 days ago Adam and Eve the best 2 Reply Marge Paz Marge Paz 12 days ago Bizarre that people think apes turned into humans. That takes more faith than Creation. 7 Reply 27 replies Ramsay Snow Ramsay Snow 12 days ago imaginary constructs! these guys here select artifacts by declering wich is a parantrop and wich is a direct ancestor,pure selection,pure fiction! 3 Reply 4 replies Abdul kadir Abdul kadir 11 days ago Is Allah who created human beings, he created Adam and Awa and from them came many generations spread across the earth..it's easy to know how we came to be, but why keep on turning around like this while the proof has come to you..All human beings came from Adam and Awa period to homogenous things or whatsoever..any of this would be chimpanzee or gorilla remains of the ancient or different animal species, everything is clear for us from the holy scripture the holy Quran, as a reader it clear our doubt regarding things and existence so where do you starys? Or taking yourselves Reply 5 replies Julie Julie 7 days ago I don't accept humans cane from an ape. Contradicts the Word of God. Genesis 2:7 The Lord God formed man of the dust of the ground and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life, and man became a living soul. Eve was formed out of Adam's rib. 1 Reply 4 replies Ivan Miller Ivan Miller 6 days ago We were created by God approximately 6000 years ago. Reply 4 replies robert jakab robert jakab 11 days ago These people are quite mad! And why are they doing this, whose paying for this research???? Reply 1 reply JL M JL M 12 days ago Meh. At this point, who really cares? It doesn't really benefit mankind to know our origins. It simply doesn't matter. That knowledge doesn't affect over-population, starvation, over-development, deforestation, strip mining, over-fishing, global pandemics, wars, famines, global warming, etc. It's just more wasted time and energy and resources--much like "space exploration". It would be great if we could focus the minds and energies of these intelligent, curious human beings on the problems we have right here in front of us... not 1,000,000 years in the past. 4 Reply 3 replies Duzie Duzie 12 days ago Around 2 million years ago. Around 10 billion years ago. Y’all just throw numbers around for fun. I read stuff on evolution just to be entertained. 3 Reply 5 replies CardboardCasket📦 CardboardCasket📦 12 days ago (edited) Well too bad that you've pissed away ALL your credibility. PASS 1 Reply 1 reply John Kennedy John Kennedy 12 days ago (edited) People believe this non-sense?!🤣 "For the wisdom of this world is foolishness before God." 1 Corinthians 3:19 NASB 2 Reply 10 replies random name random name 11 days ago False and psuedoscience Reply 1 reply RENDEZVOUS WITH DESTINY 17 RENDEZVOUS WITH DESTINY 17 12 days ago It takes more faith and mental gymnastics to believe to believe this crap than it does to believe in God 2 Reply 4 replies jojy john jojy john 12 days ago (edited) Cradle of mankind is china not Europe or Africa nd stop this Afro-centrism Reply 6 replies Roberto Davila Roberto Davila 9 days ago The earth is flat Reply 1 reply Alex Franks Alex Franks 11 days ago Pagan propaganda. Gotta have serious faith to believe you know what could of happened millions of years ago 1 Reply 2 replies NELSON SHIANGA NELSON SHIANGA 11 days ago Shame on you no matter how you frame it. GOD(JEHOVAH ) HE IS THE CREATOR OF HEAVEN AND EARTH WORSHIP HIM ALONE Reply 2 replies KB KB 12 days ago God created us. Jesus Christ of Nazareth the Son of God created us. The answer to your question is in the Book of Genesis, and the whole bible. 1 Reply 3 replies magicalgold010 magicalgold010 9 days ago This is false. We came from Adam not apes. Adam was created in heaven as an adult and not branched out from apes Reply 4 replies Google Boy Google Boy 12 days ago Humans are NOT from apes but the creation of the Almighty God. The first human being created by the Almighty was Adam and Eve was the second. DO NOT INSULT OUR MINDS! 2 Reply 18 replies 04,782 views Dec 1, 2022 #FreeDocumentary #Documentary #Humanity Lost Humans - How the Modern Humans Came to Be | History Documentary Watch 'Lost Humans - What Happened to our Prehistoric Forebears?' here: https://youtu.be/IGdeutWkG6U Over the course of the history, humans appeared in many different sizes, body features and characteristics. Some of them were enormous, and some were little. Some of them learned to survive in cold. In this documentary series, composed of two episodes, the lives and uniqueness of prehistoric human species will be examined. The lives and survival tips of each unique human, from tiny midgets to tall giants, will be brought back to life through advanced computer graphics, realistic reenactments as well as profound and professional assessments of world-renowned experts in the academia. The viewers will witness the astonishing lives of our most extraordinary ancestors. In this episode, the documentary shows how unique all prehistoric humans became in order to survive. Homo heidelbergensis were tall and big enough to hunt large animals. Paranthropus boisei ate plants all day. Homo neanderthalensis survived in cold. This episode shows how humans fought for survival, even though they are all gone now. ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ Subscribe Free Documentary - History Channel for free: https://bit.ly/2FjRPgV Join the club and become a Free Documentary Patron: https://www.patreon.com/freedocumentary Facebook: https://bit.ly/2QfRxbG Twitter: https://bit.ly/2QlwRiI ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ #FreeDocumentary #Documentary #Humanity ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ Free Documentary - History is dedicated to bringing high-class documentaries to you on YouTube for free. You will see fascinating animations showing the past from a new perspective and explanations by renowned historians that make history come alive. Enjoy stories about people and events that formed the world we live in. 424 Comments rongmaw lin Add a comment... Free Documentary - History Pinned by Free Documentary - History Free Documentary - History 1 month ago In this episode, the documentary shows how unique all prehistoric humans became in order to survive. Homo heidelbergensis were tall and big enough to hunt large animals. Paranthropus boisei ate plants all day. Homo neanderthalensis survived in cold climates. This episode shows how early humans fought for survival, even though they are all gone now. 14 Reply 7 replies Jake Moeller Jake Moeller 3 weeks ago It might not have been desperation that motivated these humans to sail to other islands. One major attribute of our species is the desire to explore, so I believe that these people's curiosity was a determining factor in their migration. 11 Reply 3 replies Jeff G Jeff G 2 weeks ago The point at which hominoids came out of the trees to the ground was a dynamic point in evolution. From the ground they could include other food sources in their diets; eating tubers, and better sources of protein. These dietary changes probably led to the growth of larger brains and the continued evolution of our species. 7 Reply 1 reply TheBruces56 TheBruces56 7 days ago No matter how many sub species are speculated, at the end of the day modern humans have existed for 300k years at the most. If the life of our planet were represented as a 24 hour timeline we came into being about 3 seconds ago. What we have accomplished in that time is truly extraordinary and sets us apart by a huge margin from all other life forms. 4 Reply GuitarAddict GuitarAddict 2 weeks ago (edited) A great insight into the history of our ancestry. We as a species have come a long way, just like the AI generated narration. 3 Reply 1 reply Java Brown Java Brown 1 month ago (edited) I just visited Flores. Surprised to see many short locals. Flores Island is so beautiful, it is where city of Labuan Bajo located, the town where you can explore Komodo National Park of Indonesia. Liang Gua or Liang cave is almost in the middle island, in the town called RUTENG. I didnt go to the cave as my driver told me all bones have been relocated, moved to Jakarta for research. 9 Reply 1 reply ARNIS SAMARINS ARNIS SAMARINS 7 days ago Seen a dozen cavemen docs. This was a bit of a new addition. Loved animations❤ Reply rob bleeker rob bleeker 1 month ago (edited) That the technics to produce stone tools were that far behind could be because these "Hobbits" lived in isolation. When you look at Monkeys/Apes and various other animals, they are usually learning by imitating the older generation. I would imaging that without influence of the outside, they got kind of stuck in their own little ways of doing stuff, incl. making stone tools. For them, it was working so maybe they did not have the need to improve, its all they knew. 5 Reply 1 reply blockmasterscott blockmasterscott 1 month ago What I always imagined was when the very first settlement became a thing, and some random nomad looked at it and wondered what the heck that was? They must have shaken their heads when they saw crops, and wondered why people "ate from the dirt" lol. It had have been like one of the Earps from Tombstone seeing someone watch a YouTube video. 4 Reply 2 replies Manj Sher Manj Sher 1 month ago I found this highly informative and educational, ty. 5 Reply Geoffrey Donaldson Geoffrey Donaldson 1 month ago I think a cardinal sin committed is to render an obviously composite character as the one which made “that single choice.” We allow for literary licence and common narratological devices, but to be sure, the transition from tree to ground-dwelling was not the single choice of any individual at any given moment, but the deliberate consensus of communities over many generations. 21 Reply 5 replies Peter Waksman Peter Waksman 1 month ago (edited) increased brain capacity is one thing, but it would be hard to argue that larger breasts during evolution was not also a sign of increased intelligence. 8 Reply 3 replies dio rocks dio rocks 2 days ago Something so small can be epic! When I researched vitamin C it lead me to the amazing natural world of evolution. Reply firefighter D firefighter D 11 days ago One disparity I noticed was in the volcanic ash. Why would H. floresienses fossil remains be found below the ash in the strata and not in between the ash and the lower strata? 1 Reply Marjorie Johnson Marjorie Johnson 1 month ago We have just scratched the surface of this mystery. We haven't even discovered all the plants and animals alive on earth today..so I look and listen to this mystery as we open the book to chapter one. 9 Reply 1 reply Riley Riley 1 month ago Of you read Earths Children by Jean Auel she’s done some extensive research on this subject. The book is one of those that you just can’t put down. She has a series of books that I found ok. Some parts were boring. Good reading on all the books. 2 Reply 9 replies James Sheldon James Sheldon 1 month ago Thank you for your video. Enjoyed it very much. I would however say it is not necessary to say that hobbits were never intellectually inferior. That sounds forced to me, more politically correct than scientific. If they were intellectually inferior, it doesn't matter. 1 Reply doctaugly d doctaugly d 1 month ago There's parts of the rain forest still pretty un touched underground there's all kinds of people everywhere 5 Reply 1 reply Brenda Creek Brenda Creek 1 month ago Excellent production. Like chimpanzees we still kill those from a different group. We have come a long in some regards but in others, we are still very primitive. Human evaluation is slow unless circumstances insist on change in order to survive. 4 Reply 2 replies psychiatry is eugenics psychiatry is eugenics 1 month ago 0:18 might all be the same species , but like dogs , there are different Breeds of humans 1 Reply 250txc 250txc 3 days ago What size were those foot prints left in the ash? I bet they were ALOT larger than the 3' tall skeletons they associate them with... Reply E-Curb E-Curb 1 month ago (edited) " Seven million years ago, humans break away from chimpanzees..." No, we did NOT evolve from chimpanzees. We evolved from a common ancestor of chimps. Effectively, we are cousins, not decendants. 61 Reply 55 replies Building stuff Building stuff 1 month ago Shows like this seem to be 40 percent mystery, 40 percent speculation, 10 contradictions with other shows and 10 fact. 14 Reply 7 replies ihsan salh ihsan salh 1 month ago The current man should magnify his ancient ancestors, no matter how savage they were they struggled bitterly and we became what we are today, so all humanity must make that day in which I found the most prominent archaeological exploration of ancient man, celebrating and restoring the way and style of their lives of clothing and tools in order to see and preach to generations and appreciate the value of life and the planet on which he lives and put an end to the rogue human beings . Reply Alfredo Isaac Alfredo Isaac 1 month ago Excellent information, it´s a pity they played loud bothersome music in a video in which you are trying to think to get all the information. 6 Reply 2 replies R O C R O C R O C R O C 2 weeks ago It has since been determined that Hobbits did not live eighteen thousand years ago as portrayed near the opening of this video. Nor did they die out ten thousand years ago as a result of a volcanic eruption. It is now believed that the last Hobbit died out approximately fifty thousand years ago and is consistent with the arrival of Homo sapiens out of Africa at that time. Apparently the initial calculations of age were made based on an error cause by the slope of the cave. That certainly doesn't diminish their status as a species but it does re-frame their time in history. 1 Reply GM GM 1 month ago (edited) Parrots with tiny brains are able to mimic human speech The grey parrot is able to associate words with their meanings and can form simple sentences. Parrots, crows, ravens, and jays are considered the most intelligent of birds. 1 Reply 1 reply Mark Alford Mark Alford 1 month ago Maybe instead of evolving they devolved moving backwards due to the restraint of their environment. 2 Reply Astro Astro 1 month ago Amazing to be alive. Reply Kiab Toom Lauj Kiab Toom Lauj 1 month ago I didn't realize how similar Indonesian and Tagalog sound... pure sounds alone, not that they may or may not share roots... starting at 6:00, with Archeologist Thomas Sutikna. Or was he Filipino? 1 Reply 1 reply Bruce Marston Bruce Marston 1 month ago My theory has been that the incredible population of the planet by human “species” in such a relatively short period of time is because of human violence towards other humans. The human population of the planet is both an innovation story and an escape story. Adaption too their environment in multiple directions is inevitable. Please comment. 1 Reply 1 reply Judy Casley Judy Casley 1 month ago It keeps saying the Hobbits had chimpanzee brains. Wouldn’t it be more accurate to say they had human-like brains the “size” of chimpanzees. If they were a species of humans, they wouldn’t have chimpanzee brains, but human brains. 6 Reply 2 replies The Vintage Audio Life The Vintage Audio Life 1 month ago No need to go that far back in time to discover Hobbits, i could tell you first hand, we have a few Hobbits here at my workplace. 1 Reply JCO2002 JCO2002 1 month ago Fiona needs some instruction on how to ascend with SRT. That's the poorest method I've ever seen. Number one - an ascender goes between a waist harness and a chest harness. Number two - use a Pantin. Number three - step up vertically, not hanging back at 45 degrees. She's working five times harder than necessary, and probably couldn't manage more than 20 metres that way. Stewart - Jamaican Caves Organisation. 1 Reply Murdered Carrot Murdered Carrot 1 month ago A DnD game I wrote, I had homo Erectus breeding us all but it got out of hand and there was a world war. 2 Reply 5 replies Life's a Joke Life's a Joke 1 month ago (edited) If modern man can handle the task of killing a whale with harpoons while on a tiny rowboat, I think the small "Hobbit" people could handle bringing down a stegodon. 1 Reply Roy Pettus Roy Pettus 1 month ago Great, empirical evidence-supported AND agreed upon world-wide by our most educated, highest-trained in all pertinent disciplines including Archaeology, genetics, physical and evolutionary anthropology, plus several types of biological and paleontological studies ( ALL AGREED to by the most educated people in these fields at humankind's highest centers of learning across the globe. [Thankyou for all your lifetimes of work. 2 Reply 1 reply Thomas Raywood Thomas Raywood 1 month ago Touching. Reply JDR JDR 1 month ago This is one of the weirdest documentaries regarding the origins of HS. 1 Reply 1 reply shane hester shane hester 5 days ago let me get this straight,the type humans we are,we are not suited for the outdoors but yet we were the ones that didnt go extinct.we cant even be in the sun very long before we get sun burn much less surviving in cold. 1 Reply Octavia Octavia 22 hours ago Maybe people got it all wrong, these hobbits and smaller archaic humans were probably fiercer, efficient and fast, they had to compensate for their size. This is evident in how smaller animals today are much more fiercer than the bigger ones. Reply Gary Huggard Gary Huggard 1 month ago Just at the end the narrator said “ she was afraid to leave the past to face the future” we all still have that fear. Anyone who says otherwise is lying. 2 Reply 1 reply Alan Thompson Alan Thompson 12 days ago Amazing footage lol Reply Josep Bernet Vallès Josep Bernet Vallès 1 month ago M 40:15 Possibly at first they would walk better whith the help of two sticks that they could use to defend themselves. 1 Reply Mariah Mariah 1 month ago Who is the narrator of this documentary? Sounds familiar 1 Reply Tom John Tom John 1 month ago Nicely entertaining interesting, I imagine the changing climate, the formation of the Sahara desert and savanna may have accelerated the early humans to come down out of the trees, walk upright and migrate out of Africa, while the black race probably more dominant hostile warlike stayed in Africa…I suppose it’s all conjecture based on a combination of scientific archaeological and other related scientific evidence…. 1 Reply 6 replies dtrap bai dtrap bai 1 month ago Evolution has advanced humans somewhat, by Brain volume/size. Then why has this Divergence left us to utilize such a small portion of our Brain capacity/abilities by way of evolved Inelegance/Conscious Reason? 1 Reply 1 reply Ken Dexter Ken Dexter 13 days ago My parents lied to me all the time. told me that god made humans but it turns out that humans made god 1 Reply ferociousgumby ferociousgumby 1 month ago How can they make such a fascinating topic so BO-O-ORRRRRRRRRINGGGGGGG???? 8 Reply 4 replies Andrew Sandeen Andrew Sandeen 1 month ago I wonder if future humans dig us up and wonder if all we modern humans of today are the same species. Think of all of our variations. 1 Reply 4 replies Brenda Creek Brenda Creek 1 month ago If they don't look like one another how are they the same species. Aren't they a related species. Like dogs, all came from wolves, yet look at the diversities. I heard that chimps and Orangutans are noticably evolving just since we have been studying them over the last 50 years or so. Reply ARNIS SAMARINS ARNIS SAMARINS 7 days ago Racism comes from 100’s of thousands of years of dna mutations and ‘you someone else’ kicks up survival mechanism that has been ingrained in us through eons. Example, creepy sounds in the dark in a forest, you don’t know so survival kicks in, when you know the sequence there is no racism. Reply Edison Cambod Edison Cambod 1 month ago The humans that ate cereals for breakfast and worked for a wage everyday were the ones who survived. 2 Reply ray salmon ray salmon 1 month ago 84 Darwin's theory implied that all evolution had come about by the interactions of two basic processes, random mutation and natural selection, and it meant that the ends arrived at were entirely the result of a succession of chance events. Michael Denton: Evolution, A Theory in Crisis, p43. Reply 1 reply cole mahaney cole mahaney 3 weeks ago it is not over yet, Eveolution is still happening we are still changing 1 Reply claymore cluepile claymore cluepile 10 days ago there are at least a dozen species of humans in the 8 billion people on earth.....Charles Darwin identified 18 species of finches on the Galapagos islands in an estimated population of roughly 4000 birds, varying in little more than shape of the beak Reply 1 reply Jim Gurtner Jim Gurtner 3 weeks ago When consideration is given to man's opportunities for research; how brief his life; how limited his sphere of action; how restricted his vision; how frequent and how great the errors in his conclusions, especially as concerns the events thought to antedate Bible history; how often the supposed deductions of science are revised or cast aside; with what readiness the assumed period of the earth's development is from time to time increased or diminished by millions of years; and how the theories advanced by different scientists conflict with one another,—considering all this, shall we, for the privilege of tracing our descent from germs and mollusks and apes, consent to cast away that statement of Holy Writ, so grand in its simplicity, “God created man in His own image, in the image of God created He him”? Genesis 1:27. Shall we reject that genealogical record,—prouder than any treasured in the courts of kings,—“which was the son of Adam, which was the son of God”? Luke 3:38. Reply Paul sparks Paul sparks 1 month ago The alien breed changed everything when they arrived we got future tv then computer then mobile 🤣😀 Reply 1 reply jolly roger jolly roger 4 weeks ago Isn't it amazing how the people who think they know enough about this subject to make videos, actually know so little about the truth. 1 Reply 6 replies Jeff Brucker Jeff Brucker 7 days ago (edited) Why make an English language video with long passages of foreign language monologues? This could have been a great video otherwise. It has great subject matter and video quality, and the parts with english language narration are very good. Reply Hapax Palindrome Hapax Palindrome 1 day ago We left the trees because somebody outcompeted us for them. The chimps' ancestors got to stay in among the safe, lovely trees, the choicest real estate, while our ancestors got kicked out onto the savannah. Our ancestors didn't boldly stride out onto the Savannah and immediately subdue all the lions and hyenas. We got pushed out by somebody who scared us more than the lions. We went because if we were out there being exotic new snack food for all the highly evolved predators we met, the Ur-chimps back in those lovely trees wouldn't follow us. Why the heck else would we leave the trees? Reply caveman caveman caveman caveman 1 month ago The hunter gatherer hypothesis is so full of holes it holds no water. Poke a stick at the animal and it will leave. Make friends and share meals Reply 3 replies Rohn Amegatcher Rohn Amegatcher 1 month ago Not science, just entertainment. 23 Reply 9 replies Terry Wong Terry Wong 1 month ago Evolution is very limited. Changes of such extreme severity requires more than adaption. Man in his present stage of modernity requires a huge population and complex assistance of sciences and intellect and that is why chimps are still chimps and man is man. Evolution are more for environmental conditions than complete change in form. People in colder climates like Siberia are stockier. Reply TheGrungy1 TheGrungy1 3 weeks ago Music gets way too loud at times. 1 Reply Marty Lawrence Marty Lawrence 1 month ago Is evolution and self-assembling of life an alternative to intelligent design? 'Evolution' is actually misrepresentation and spin on epigenome/epigenetic-derived adaptations and effects from genome degeneration. Epigenetics were credited finally in 2014 for adaptations as a new THIRD ASPECT of it without any DNA-mutative evolution mechanism. The first two is epigenetics puts an embryo together and for gene expression. This new third aspect gives transgenerational adaptations into hundreds of generations. Pro-evolution researcher Dr. Michael Skinner used a scientific method to MATERIALLY determine if the Darwin Finch beak adaptations had a molecular DNA-mutative correlation or an epigenetic correlation. He found it was epigenetic...a surprising evolution-unfriendly conclusion. Why is found to be unfriendly to evolution by evolutionary proponents who have thought through the logistics? It's because if adaptations are by epigenetic modifications, it means the biological system of all life is pre-enabled BEFORE an environment or diet changes versus evolutionary adaptations acting AFTER an environment or diet changes by natural selection of DNA mutations. Think about it. Before vs. after. Adaptations by environmental cues to an already enabled epigenome infers intelligent design. Not the godless naturalism of postulated evolution. Here is a cut and paste of the abstract of the peer-reviewed paper done by Dr. Michael Skinner from 2014. Not one paper, since then, has countered this finding. This is not something inferred or derived as a theory is built upon. This is materially-founded to which adaptations have their correlation credited to. Epigenetically. The last line of the abstract states, "As environmental factors are known to result in heritable changes in the epigenome, it is POSSIBLE that epigenetic changes contribute to the molecular basis of the evolution of Darwin's finches." What does 'possible' mean? It means evolution-derived adaptations are still left in theory but not materially founded as this research tried to attempt. Added emphasis below is mine. Epigenetics and the evolution of Darwin's Finches Michael K Skinner 1, Carlos Gurerrero-Bosagna 2, M Muksitul Haque 3, Eric E Nilsson 3, Jennifer A H Koop 4, Sarah A Knutie 5, Dale H Clayton 5 Affiliations expand PMID: 25062919 PMCID: PMC4159007 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evu158 Free PMC article Abstract The prevailing theory for the molecular basis of evolution involves genetic mutations that ultimately generate the heritable phenotypic variation on which natural selection acts. However, epigenetic transgenerational inheritance of phenotypic variation may also play an important role in evolutionary change. A growing number of studies have demonstrated the presence of epigenetic inheritance in a variety of different organisms that can persist for hundreds of generations. The possibility that epigenetic changes can accumulate over longer periods of evolutionary time has seldom been tested empirically. This study was designed to compare epigenetic changes among several closely related species of Darwin's finches, a well-known example of adaptive radiation. Erythrocyte DNA was obtained from five species of sympatric Darwin's finches that vary in phylogenetic relatedness. Genome-wide alterations in genetic mutations using copy number variation (CNV) were compared with epigenetic alterations associated with differential DNA methylation regions (epimutations). Epimutations were more common than genetic CNV mutations among the five species; furthermore, the number of epimutations increased monotonically with phylogenetic distance. Interestingly, the number of genetic CNV mutations did not consistently increase with phylogenetic distance. The number, chromosomal locations, regional clustering, and lack of overlap of epimutations and genetic mutations suggest... ...that epigenetic changes are distinct and that they CORRELATE with the evolutionary history of Darwin's finches... The potential functional significance of the epimutations was explored by comparing their locations on the genome to the location of evolutionarily important genes and cellular pathways in birds. Specific epimutations were associated with genes related to the bone morphogenic protein, toll receptor, and melanogenesis signaling pathways. Species-specific epimutations were significantly overrepresented in these pathways. As environmental factors are known to result in heritable changes in the epigenome, it is possible that epigenetic changes contribute to the molecular basis of the evolution of Darwin's finches. Reply Drizzle Drizzle 4 weeks ago Only God can tell us our history in full detail. 1 Reply Daniel Retureau Daniel Retureau 1 month ago STRESSING MUSIC BUT GOOD DOCUMENTARY 4 Reply 1 reply wabejoo wabejoo 1 month ago (edited) The more I listen to these evolutionists spinning themselves into a muddle, the more firmly I am convinced that all this was designed. What's the point of studying anything random? Reply 3 replies ShamanKish ShamanKish 1 month ago We didn't survive. We are the others. 😁 Reply Engineersteveo Engineersteveo 1 month ago Dwarfism is an island phenomenon 1 Reply Pheej L Pheej L 1 month ago Honestly it looks like some humans came from Hippos. Reply John Merton John Merton 1 month ago there is one in Australia that didn't die out Reply Opinunate ted Opinunate ted 1 month ago But did those other kinds of humans really disappeared? There was so much interbreeding, between them, and between them and us, that we can be sure that the DNA of at least some of them has survived, in us, contemporary humans. Reply bobstuart bobstuart 1 month ago I would much rather just read the script, without the teaser questions, and avoid that "music." 1 Reply Shifty Shifty 1 month ago Once upon a time long long ago there's a fairy tale coming Reply smoky's dank days smoky's dank days 1 month ago We fucked'm all into our genome 1 Reply Exactor Mortis Exactor Mortis 1 month ago I think that when we left Africa and came to areas where there were other people before us, we did what we always do; we robbed, raped and killed. And then repeat.. Reply 1 reply Michael H. Sanders Michael H. Sanders 1 month ago We had dogs. We had a tool to throw a spear further and faster. We had extensive social networks beyond a clan structure. 1 Reply 1 reply J H J H 1 month ago (edited) Pacing could have been faster -- some parts of the video were unnecessary (e.g., motorcycle scene, etc.). But, good video otherwise. 1 Reply 1 reply Anna Magnani Anna Magnani 1 month ago 🌟🌟🌟🌟 2 Reply OStarBlog101 Tech OStarBlog101 Tech 12 days ago In the begining, God made Adam in his image Reply David Cisneros David Cisneros 1 month ago Yes, Modern Man Is Most Certainly....... Lost.... Reply Marjorie Johnson Marjorie Johnson 1 month ago ANSWER. ....We didn't...we took some of each with us... Reply Francis Hooper Francis Hooper 1 month ago Humans never split from chimps, they have a common ancestor 1 Reply Barbra Smith Barbra Smith 1 month ago nice topic, however English is the the language for my American Culture. Oooops now much better, your speaking my language. With the light of truth & love ToeKnee Reply sukesh saxena sukesh saxena 3 weeks ago Is there any need of loud music in this video? 1 Reply Chris Carson Chris Carson 1 month ago I cannot read while I watch the video. Why don’t you use translators? Reply Hydro Tilling Hydro Tilling 1 month ago We became farmers and ranchers is the Answer Reply Sarah Sarah 3 days ago wow Reply Marko Sla Marko Sla 2 weeks ago I wonder how today some species of monkeys do not evolve? Reply 1 reply teawarua edwards teawarua edwards 1 month ago Did the LAST 3 types die off or were they EXTERMINATED...as the last of the type WE ARE the MOST VIOLENT MOST SURVIVABLE MOST SAVAGE even against our own 1 Reply 3 replies ferociousgumby ferociousgumby 1 month ago I have yet to see a good documentary on this channel. 1 Reply Free Documentary - History · 2 replies KJ PC Gaming KJ PC Gaming 1 month ago The first part of the "out of africa" bit in the script here is an oversimplification that leads to misunderstanding. Homo Erectus did NOT just get up ONE day and walk out of africa. It was waves and tribes moving in and out of the african continent - the same with homo sapiens. To suggest that homo sapiens "escaped" africa is also not good wording because it sounds like the race of homo sapiens all fled - they did not, the evidence rather suggests that natural migrations over time took place for thousands if not tens of thousands of years. And just one small thing - there is no such thing as an epic - epic is an adjective. the word is Epoch eee pok fgs. LMFAO. 1 Reply Engineersteveo Engineersteveo 1 month ago Show me data on brain volume to body volume across hominid populations Reply Jonathan Tepairi Jonathan Tepairi 1 month ago We are indeed a unique species, dating back into the primordial soup, but we never evolved from apes ,no, but rather from now extinct older humans ,today we have been the fortunate species to exist ,but like our ancient relatives we have inter bred and now the lines of race have been blurred,, there are very few true blood races left on earth today ,but just as assimilation can account for inter breeding among ancient human species ,this would also have accounted for an extinction event amongst some human groups as they would have just learned to live with the new group, and just assimilated into that group, leaving thier old ways and adjusting to the new ways,in the same way as a newly married inter racial couple have to adjust to each others ways and culture and to redefine where thier boundaries are ,,,, this is how i believe things came to be ,,but i'm no scientist i left school at a young age so this is just my opinon only ,,,,,learning life lessons i had to rethink my direction i learned to question what i was taught ,to look into, and past the obvious,to evaluate and to analyze and to form my own thoughts and opinions so, i'm wondering does anyone really know the truth ?,we find new and exciting details and discoveries of older human species by archeologists and anthropologist ,then when we think we got things figured out "boom "we discover something else new,my question to all the brains out there is how come we can tell so much of our evolutionary past but why can't we know why the pyramids exist, what purpose did they serve ,or why were the inca and mayan building technologies was lost to the world ,given how they were built and are still around today Reply FLASH GORDON FLASH GORDON 1 month ago Humans were the most violent. 1 Reply Chris Lester Chris Lester 1 month ago We have different types of humans living on this earth now and sub species of them . The Black man the White man the Asian and the Brown man like pacific islanders American Indians ect ,but the Brown man is likely a cross of the others .these people's are very different and if one of the other species of humans had survived and could breed with the rest of us they would be considered just as human as the rest of us . 1 Reply 3 replies ÜᗷEᖇᗰEᑎᔕᑕᕼ ÜᗷEᖇᗰEᑎᔕᑕᕼ 1 month ago we consider polar bears and brown bears different species but different races of humans are considered the same species? Reply 1 reply Robin Rocha Robin Rocha 4 weeks ago Get your story straight...they merged! Reply B Bear B Bear 3 weeks ago We still have pygmy people. Reply vashon100 vashon100 1 month ago I don't want to read a documentary. VOICE OVER! Reply 2 replies madeline numberone madeline numberone 1 month ago cut the noisy 'music' had enough of it at 8:56 Reply Darrel Johnson Darrel Johnson 1 month ago Subtitles don’t help the visually impaired 1 Reply ItzzSan ItzzSan 1 month ago OH MY CGI Reply paper kay paper kay 4 weeks ago We raped and murdered everyone else. Reply Illicit Dragon Illicit Dragon 8 days ago I like 🍿 Reply George Scapin George Scapin 2 weeks ago If this is true, why they ain't no black, yellow or brown are showing up. Reply SACHIN KUNDER SACHIN KUNDER 1 month ago Story book followers would defy this factoid documentary. Reply Mike Skidmore Mike Skidmore 1 month ago Human footprints 1 million years old. Were the Pyramids built 50,000 years ago? Tire ruts 200,000 years ago ..? Reply DebTipka DebTipka 3 weeks ago 100% conjecture. We don't know this, won't know this... ever. We weren't there. Reply 1 reply Bruce Marston Bruce Marston 1 month ago We talk of different species of humans but more likely weren’t we just different breeds or races? Most everyone in the northern hemisphere has some Neanderthal genetics. People were absorbed ultimately. Hopefully the genes of homo floralis Reply richard seys richard seys 1 month ago recent news blip national news hobbits may still live I dnt know could be Reply Harold Crews Harold Crews 3 weeks ago The title is misleading. Nearly half of the video dealt with speculations from a few sparse facts about one species and at most it only touched on the evolution of modern humans. Reply Engineersteveo Engineersteveo 1 month ago I highly doubt this assessment. Reply lan nguyen lan nguyen 3 weeks ago Destroyed by volcano? Or maybe they were soooo wicked Jesus' s daddy killed them. Reply smflatt1923 smflatt1923 4 weeks ago 🤣🤣🤣 Reply Americana Americana 1 month ago I read the comments before I watched so I think I'm going to skip this video! 2 Reply 1 reply Forever Raining Forever Raining 4 weeks ago Why does the title say "The" modern humans. Are you latino? It should be, "How Modern Humans Came to Be" Reply Michael Hawtin Michael Hawtin 1 month ago You lost me with the monkey bikers, so disappointing! 3 Reply 1 reply Jay Silverheals Jay Silverheals 1 month ago we have pigmies today Reply Dean Anderson Dean Anderson 4 weeks ago With human ancestors that date back hundreds of thousands of years (and more), where do Adam and Eve fit in? The information presented here is not consistent with Biblical accounts - is it? And yet billions of modern humans believe in supernatural origins. It seems to be in direct conflict with the data presented here. Please comment. Thank you. Reply DogFaced Boy DogFaced Boy 1 month ago Umm. There is about fifteen minutes of content and a lot of "aren't we mysterious" swoopy music. The POINT of it.... You're not speaking to modern humans, this is not network television. Homo Impatientus goes FAST. Reply Robert Pullia Robert Pullia 1 month ago The background music very annoying . Reply Diantha Weilepp Diantha Weilepp 1 month ago Don't break your arm patting your back. These we're so superior anthro talks are so annoying. Yeah, we're remaining. But look at how diverse we are. And also, we're wrecking the planet. So superior? Hah!. 1 Reply Engineersteveo Engineersteveo 1 month ago These are assumptions lacking analytic data Reply Ahmad Chaar Ahmad Chaar 1 month ago crappy music too loud to hear the commentator!! Reply Janus Janus 1 month ago Curious how the religious don't have an explanation for these peoples. They had no Bible so did they always live in sin? Did they even exist for them? Reply P. Kent P. Kent 2 weeks ago Humans? Reply Kurt Bogle Kurt Bogle 2 weeks ago Free???? Reply lizzydog lizzydog 1 month ago HUMANITY AND VIRUSES ARE THE ONLY LIFE FORMS DUMB ENOUGH TO DESTROY THEIR HOST? WTFU ZOMBIES Reply Ghetto Gothix Ghetto Gothix 2 weeks ago LoL. Reply A Whippets Life A Whippets Life 1 month ago Ask @liverking rofl Reply Gram Charles Gram Charles 3 days ago Humans didn't evolve. Reply fantastichound fantastichound 1 month ago Heidelbergensis was a snitch Reply Daniel B Daniel B 1 month ago oh we have variations of the human race but it is not to be acknowledged, science is goofy in the modern day Reply Audrick Byneal Audrick Byneal 1 hour ago Interesting video; except that the musical accompaniment appears to have been done by modern day Hobbits. 🤬 Reply Taz Krebbeks Taz Krebbeks 2 weeks ago (edited) Attention people who make these documentaries. I'm sure they're very well and entertaining. But do you want me to spend more time reading what the person is saying? Or watching your film. If you're going to make it for an English speaking audience. Then don't have people speaking in a foreign language to us. Dub it in English. That's why I gave you a thumbs down. Reply Brian Drake Brian Drake 1 month ago why do they all look white? Reply B-SCOTT B-SCOTT 1 month ago Good Lord Mamaa shoot me an email if your down to snap me😈👻😈 Reply Ben Halpin Ben Halpin 1 month ago Cut out the 10 second gaps between phrases. Change the bad explanations of evolution to the correct language. Remove the embarrassing CGI. You have a decent 15 minute documentary. Reply Mark D'Aulerio Mark D'Aulerio 2 weeks ago (edited) Alas, we as a specie are destined to disappear: the idiot background music will promptly do us in!!!!!! How can anyone stand it? Would you like loud music during a lecture? I'll take commercial ads any day. Reply Cougracer67 Cougracer67 1 month ago What a joke! Reply Patriot #1 🇺🇸 Patriot #1 🇺🇸 3 weeks ago We still have other kinds of humans on this earth the black African Reply 8 replies Ralf1erudd Ralf1erudd 1 month ago I thought Siberian tigers were white? What you have show here look like Bengal tigers. So maybe your story is fake? Reply 1 reply john lennox john lennox 4 weeks ago Adam Reply Screww Googlle Screww Googlle 2 weeks ago (edited) This is so bad..... it's embarrassing ! Reply Shaine Maine Shaine Maine 1 month ago The motorcycle seen is about as dumb as it gets. Makes the viewer feel dumb for watching it... Reply Dave Cooke Dave Cooke 4 weeks ago What bull sheet 1 Reply jupin1960 jupin1960 1 month ago The entire thing is laid out in the first few pages of the Bible. "And He created them both male and female". Reply 1 reply Chris Carson Chris Carson 1 month ago If I wanted to read I would read a book, not watch a video. Why not translate instead of offering captions? Reply 1 reply Wahaj Uddin 🇮🇳 Wahaj Uddin 🇮🇳 1 month ago Humans were never an apes. 4 Reply 7 replies Trag 1804 Trag 1804 1 month ago Puff and poorly produced Reply Elizabeth Willis Elizabeth Willis 1 month ago Foolishness 2 Reply 1 reply ray salmon ray salmon 5 days ago no human ancestors before Adam and Eve Reply Fred Sottile Fred Sottile 4 weeks ago The speaker speaks with a distinctly American accent, yet he uses the metric system. This is pseudo-intellectual. Americans don't know how big 16 centimeters are. We don't want to do math conversions while we are trying to learn the topic. This BS has to be called out. Stop it. It doesn't make you seem like some academic scholar. It reduces the effectiveness of your message. Thank you. Reply 6 replies ray salmon ray salmon 2 weeks ago just more misinformation for airheads Reply 1 reply one cent one cent 1 month ago The Bible said God created Adam with God own image ..no such thing human from an ape or gorilla or monkey etc lol...hmm don't we think we're mocking God by saying human mutated from animal lol Reply 3 replies Susan m Susan m 1 month ago How can people still believe in evolution after science proved 1 y & 2x, all the disproven carbon dating, God says your a fool if you can't look at creation & see Him! Reply 4 replies fidel cerda fidel cerda 3 weeks ago Well said "theory". Reply 1 reply When Did Hominins First Leave Africa? Stefan Milo 266K subscribers Subscribe 20K Share 630,783 views Premiered Sep 22, 2022 At some point deep in prehistory, the first hominins left Africa to spread around Eurasia. When did this happen and who was migrating have been subject to huge debate! Huge thanks to Nebula! Sign up using this link for just $3 a month https://nebula.tv/stefanmilo Sources: Dmanisi: "Hominin occupations at the Dmanisi site, Georgia, Southern Caucasus: Raw materials and technical behaviours of Europe’s first hominins" "A Plio-Pleistocene hominid from Dmanisi, East Georgia, Caucasus" "Earliest human occupations at Dmanisi (Georgian Caucasus) dated to 1.85–1.78 Ma" Homo Floresiensis: "The affinities of Homo floresiensis based on phylogenetic analyses of cranial, dental, and postcranial characters" China tools: "Hominin occupation of the Chinese Loess Plateau since about 2.1 million years ago" Jordan Tools: "Chronologic constraints on hominin dispersal outside Africa since 2.48 Ma from the Zarqa Valley, Jordan" Cut Marks India: "Intentional cut marks on bovid from the Quranwala zone, 2.6 Ma, Siwalik Frontal Range, northwestern India" Good overview of situation: "What kind of hominin first left Africa?" Huge thanks as always to my patreons! https://www.patreon.com/stefanmilo All footage from: Getty Images Shutterstock Storyblocks All music from: Tom Fox Artlist.io Epidemic sound Thumbnail by Ettore Mazza Disclaimer: Use my videos as a rough guide to a topic. I am not an expert, I may get things wrong. This is why I always post my sources so you can critique my work and verify things for yourselves. Of course I aim to be as accurate as possible which is why you will only find reputable sources in my videos. Secondly, information is always subject to changes as new information is uncovered by archaeologists. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - www.stefanmilo.com www.twitter.com/Historysmilo www.instagram.com/historysmilo 3,500 Comments rongmaw lin Add a comment... Stefan Milo Pinned by Stefan Milo Stefan Milo 4 months ago (edited) Herbaceous video coming soon here https://nebula.tv/stefanmilo 172 Reply Stefan Milo · 95 replies Proper Zen Proper Zen 4 months ago You’ve evolved from a really funny and smart guy making quirky videos to one of the most polished and informed video producers working in Anthropology. It’s been a joy to be along for the ride. And congrats on the weight loss! It’s a bitch, innit? 766 Stefan Milo Reply 71 replies Sonja van den Ende Sonja van den Ende 4 months ago I'm often curious why hominins spreading from Africa into Asia should be considered so extraordinary when mammals have been moving between continents for millions of years. Thanks for another great, Stefan! You never disappoint! 🙂 275 Reply 67 replies Jason Berger Jason Berger 4 months ago Your passion for the study of ancient hominins is infectious. Every time you upload I just feel more and more proud of our ancient relatives 😎 158 Reply 5 replies Changing Times Music Changing Times Music 3 months ago This is a better teaching summary than my entire 3 semesters of Anthropology. Nicely done! 19 Reply Steve G Steve G 4 months ago I watch Stefan’s videos about human evolution to be instructed, but without fail I end up inspired by his passion for the human species… 202 Stefan Milo Reply 11 replies Gus Gone Gus Gone 3 months ago The out of Africa puzzle is fascinating. I became hooked on the subject of human evolution and all things related, back in the 1980's. Being an electron microscopist I was lucky enough to have worked on ancient hominid teeth with dentists, resulting in an article and cover picture published in Nature. This involved looking at enamel prisms of specimens from China and Africa under the SEM. The entire subject is mind blowing in more ways than one. The only real advantage these diminutive creatures had was quite obviously intelligence, leading to close cooperation and the acquisition of knowledge. With it they and their lineage conquered the globe, travelled to the moon and explored far beyond. Something that can be deduced from the increasing time the young took to develop and likely spent learning from their parents and clan members. The old ones being the guardians of the collective experiences and lessons learned. At what point did IQ and language become the driving force of Hominid evolution? I imagine that "old Gummy Gramps" sat by the fire, telling stories and passing on important details from his/her life to the youngsters. Counselling the fitter generations and baby sitting the very young. Giving them all the edge over other species and rival clans. Recognisable family life all those years ago. 17 Reply Eric Wilson Eric Wilson 4 months ago I love how Stefan shows (along with delivering the facts and beautiful storytelling) that the attributes we think makes our species unique, really just isn't exclusive to us. It's been a part of our evolutionary journey for millions of years and I think that's much more amazing to think about 117 Reply 18 replies Grant D. Grant D. 4 months ago God this is an incredible video! So interesting how one discovery can complete change the current understanding of our evolution. Every time I watch your videos it fills me with so much joy and gives me such an appreciation for the life we have 20 Reply 3 replies FlyingEagle FlyingEagle 4 months ago excellent coverage of a topic I had been thinking about a lot recently. The revelation that the first hominid out of Africa was likely at least 2.5 Million years ago and was something between an australopith and homo habilis is really something amazing. Thanks for keeping on top of the latest developments 110 Reply 9 replies Kyra B Kyra B 3 months ago I really really love your examples of altruism throughout human history. It's one of my favorite things about the archaeological history of our species. And also incredibly important to keep in mind. Plus when ppl are jerks, it's nice to remember or point out that even ancient humans were cooperative 😜 4 Reply Shawn Hagarty Shawn Hagarty 4 months ago You are by far the best educational content creator on YouTube. 53 Reply 7 replies Woody Gilson Woody Gilson 3 months ago Love your work and love the subject matter. Love this channel! This one was especially enjoyable to watch. The human story is enamoring and enigmatic and--however distantly--ultimately relatable, if we allow. 2 Reply Kronkite Kronkite 4 months ago I share your enthusiasm for this subject so really appreciate your videos. The presentation, the detail, the depth and the research you do and effort you make. Bravo! 10 Stefan Milo Reply David Bean David Bean 4 months ago One of the reasons I love paleoanthropology is that we are constantly discovering new and mind blowing things, and there is still so much more that we don’t know…. Yet. 56 Reply 6 replies apiMeil Delivery apiMeil Delivery 4 months ago Very educational video! Amazing! Thank you, Stefan! 😀 15 Reply J. Curtis J. Curtis 3 months ago "Gummy Joe" is such an endearing game changer. It's lovely to have this aspect of humanity demonstrated as having been so early and so important. Thanks for an uplifting as well as informative presentation. 10 Reply JJ W JJ W 4 months ago Great video, interesting to see how far back we can go with evidence concerning migration. Really nice job 21 Reply 2 replies KHALID MAJEED KHALID MAJEED 3 weeks ago You are doing excellent work through research, sheer hardwork and deep study. Highly appreciated 👍👍 Reply Colin Tilbrook Colin Tilbrook 4 months ago Hi Stefan I love this Video and all your previous ones. On the idea of migration over the Himalayas, my understanding is that the Himalayas have grown between 3-5mm and 10-15mm annually or in the devils units 1/8"- 1/2" in elevation per year, for the past 2-3.5 million years. That averaged out over 50K years and the entire range at most might have been 600m or 2000ft a minimum of 100-150m or 3-500ft lower in elevation right?. Now you can call me crazy, but when I've visited the west coast specifically Whistler-Blackcomb its right around 150-200m or a few hundred feet from the year round glassier on top, to rich dense primarily coniferous forested slopes. speaking from experience the difference in the air density is noticeable too. so surely when we're talking about 1-500K years and elevation overall drop of lets give it a mean of 200K years and low end growth rate for 800m or 2640ft that's practically the entire skiable elevation of Whistler-Blackcomb. this must have a substantial impact on migratory patterns on the homo's of that time no? 21 Reply 1 reply John Spiers John Spiers 4 months ago I just wanted to say thank you for making such beautiful, engaging and fascinating videos. Getting better all the time! 7 Reply 1 reply Rab Gee Rab Gee 4 months ago (edited) Stefan, Every Video you put out brightens my day. Life is increasingly stressful, but the variety of topics (unrelated to my professional career) you cover help me to relax and enjoy the simpler things in life, knowing that the daily stresses our ancestors succeeded in overcoming are an order of magnitude more frightening from those which I face. We were built to overcome a diverse set of obstacles and you always help me to relate that to my own life. Thank you. -Rob 29 Reply Paul Allison Paul Allison 1 month ago Hi Stefan, loved your video, very clearly presented. I know how complex the human evolution story is. I have been interested in Human evolution for 50 years and have seen a range of theories come and go and so much new evidence has been unearthed and will continue to be unearthed. Every 5 or 10 years or so there is a an adjustment to the overall story of human evolution. It might be a cave in Russia, a gorge in Africa, an Island in Indonesia. I look forward to watching out for more of your videos. 2 Reply Zakariah Johnson Zakariah Johnson 4 months ago Would be curious to hear your thoughts on the Homo luzonensis finds in the Philippines. It may eventually become easier to list the places where there weren't any early hominids. 8 Reply 1 reply Matthew Page Matthew Page 3 months ago Thank you for another enjoyable video, Stefan! You deliver a lot of interesting information with a rare, but infectious passion. Reply VIGIL VIGIL 4 months ago Your videos are fascinating, Stefan. Brilliant delivery. Thank you. 7 Reply Tee Anahera Tee Anahera 4 months ago I would love to see a video which looks at possible routes in more detail from Africa to Australia. Who our Aborigines descend from would be great to hear more about. I did a little online course from Wollongong Uni about H. florensiensis and as they declined 50,000 yrs ago whether they were impacted by Australian Aborigines on their way south east. This was my first vid of yours I’ve watched and I found it captivating. Well done. 47 Reply 24 replies moxiebombshell moxiebombshell 4 months ago Love it when I get a notification that you've got a new video out!! This was awesome, and now I'm really excited for the upcoming Nebula vids 🤩 12 Reply 1 reply Antonin Besse Antonin Besse 3 months ago Great content, delivered with enthusiasm, humour and credibility. This video is particularly timely given the just-announced Nobel Prize for Medicine for work on extinct human genomes. 2 Stefan Milo Reply Danny Brown Danny Brown 4 months ago Stefan no surprise, thoughtful, informative, I'm always looking for a new one from you. I got desperate and went to the archives and found some I had not seen. When you do that I can see the growth . I've shared with relatives. I do what I can for you. LOVE your stuff and your passion. 2 Reply TryWithKev TryWithKev 1 month ago (edited) This video highlights our innate desire of curiosity. I am imaging the life that was lived by the millions of our ancestors. Give thanks to those who lived before us, for nothing that we take for granted would possible without the desire to Try. And lastly, thank you very very much for the video. 2 Reply John Hasenkam John Hasenkam 4 months ago Thanks Stefan. I like how you explore the findings with careful analysis and insightful skepticism. 5 Reply Kelly Brown Kelly Brown 4 months ago I really enjoy watching your videos everyday (even at work 😅). The way you teach and explain everything is enjoyable and not overwhelming. Thank you for all the videos and your time making them, always excited for the next video! 1 Reply Clive Burgess 🎸 🎵 Clive Burgess 🎸 🎵 4 months ago I always liked the coastal migration theory, I'm not qualified in anyway just seems common sense, love your videos, thank you! 10 Reply 2 replies British Wrath British Wrath 1 month ago Great watch, very informative. Thank you for all your hard work! Reply Anima Videography Anima Videography 4 months ago (edited) Finally a video dealing with the amazing Out of Africa 1 pioneers. Any ideas where the Red Deer Cave People might fit in to this scheme of things Stefan? 14 Reply 1 reply Jacobite P Jacobite P 3 months ago Truly a wonderful video, thank you for sharing this information and in quite a well done manner. I had always wanted to be an anthropologist Reply Richard Sutherland Richard Sutherland 4 months ago In Flores, when working in a University in Eastern Indonesia in the 1980's, I went to a museum in Maumare with examples of the "tiny people". So they were known before then. Local people talked about legends of these tiny people. 48 Reply 13 replies Open Lifestyle Open Lifestyle 4 months ago I'm consistently grateful and in awe of how interesting and well produced your videos are. Keep up the excellent work!! ❤️ 25 Reply Nesogaster Nesogaster 4 months ago Absolutely love every single video you make. I say it every time, but please keep it up Stefan! 2 Reply Craig Gibson Craig Gibson 3 months ago I love learning about human evolution, thankyou so much. Wish there was more of an emphasis on this area in the mainstream. 1 Reply Rodrigo Rodrigo 4 months ago amazing to see you become a proper documentary maker 5 Reply Gathernax X Gathernax X 3 months ago I LOVE how you film your videos, I may use this in the future for my discipline once I’m an expert in it :). Thanks man for wonderful content 1 Reply Guillermo Larios Guillermo Larios 4 months ago (edited) I enjoyed a lot this research, your work is beautiful and considering I have no expertise in this field I understood everything. Thank You so much Mr Stefan Milo Hugs from Costa Rica 10 Reply Steve Lawrie Steve Lawrie 4 months ago This channel is riveting. Thank you for all this information, it makes us wonder where we've come from and where we're going. It seems that we have learned so much over the last two million years that has both aided us and inhibited us. You have to laugh. Going to look for your channel on Nebula. 5 Reply Semaj_502 Semaj_502 4 months ago One of my favorite videos you've done so far. I might even be convinced to get Nebula knowing you're on there now. 3 Reply Chaz Lewis Chaz Lewis 3 months ago This is really high quality content. Thank you. 1 Reply Laura McKinlay Laura McKinlay 4 months ago Thanks for this video, Stefan. I find this stuff just as fascinating as you do and I really appreciate you making this content so I, and others, can keep up to date on this subject. Keep em comin :) 10 Reply Sherman8tor Sherman8tor 1 month ago Really interesting and well-presented. I had no idea our forebears had left Africa so early. Reply T.J's New Life T.J's New Life 4 months ago The skull with one tooth tells me that they looked after their elders as valuable members and that's how intelligence was shared. Unlike most mammals that drive out an elder like deer or kangaroos, they force elders out. 66 Reply 16 replies Sérgio D. M. Silva Sérgio D. M. Silva 4 months ago Another wonderful video. Just as in historical times, human colonization has occurred in waves, rather than a continuous. Great content, as always. 1 Reply Dulce R-L Dulce R-L 4 months ago Excellent video, Milo, I always learn new things with your channel. I’m very curious about the remains of an still unnamed early hominin found in Atapuerca (northern Spain) that seems to be about 1.3 million years old. I cannot find anything about it and wonder if you have any information to share. 5 Reply 1 reply Matt Bell Matt Bell 3 months ago Great view into the deep time that is the history of our species. Always so much more to learn and I love it! 👍😀 1 Reply Sarah Curtis Sarah Curtis 4 months ago I think you found the balance between on camera and narration in this 1. Chaw well done! Thank you very much. 5 Reply 7inrain 7inrain 2 months ago I would love if you made a video together with Forrest Valkai. As his current research field is about Homo erectus I am sure you two could have an interesting exchange - and interesting for all of us. If Forrest and you talked for three full hours on video I definitely would watch that. Reply Paul Paul 4 months ago (edited) Hi Stefan, as always, thanks for a great vid. Could I add a few comments? When you speak about the significance of the individual who left us Cranium D344 and jaw D3900, initially I thought that you did not appreciate the full significance of this, assigning it as you did, as an example of cooperation, as in the individual is fed rather than eaten. In fairness though, towards the end of the video you begin to appreciate the significance when you speculate that someone must have really loved this individual. That an individual was nurtured and fed, for such a time that the jaw had absorbed the tooth holes, has an extraordinary significance in respect of these people, who may have been our forbearers. This has to be contrasted with our contemporary nomadic people who sometimes abandon their elderly during migrations. Yes, not only its immediate family supported this person, but also, presumable the tribe. Whilst the response of the immediate family are patently expressing love as we understand it, (in itself a phenomenal discovery as to our humanness as far ago in history as 1.8m years) the support of the wider tribe, which can be inferred from the fact that a single family could not possibly support a non-contributing individual, is that the tribe values this individual. The contribution of the aged individual is presumably only important if they can recall past history, experience, and the all important "corperate knowledge" and then communicate it to the following generations. Other research suggests a 35 year life span was the norm. Consequently, i suggest that the value of this individual to the tribe is only of benefit if they can communicate to tribe members beyond the family. And to do this, they would need to be able to converse. Is this circumstantial support for proto-human speech 1.8m years ago? 20 Reply 5 replies Allan Budnick Allan Budnick 4 months ago Really interesting Stefan! OOA1 had always been a question in my mind too. I have been a subscriber for about 2 years now and always look forward to your excellent and humorous analysis. 1 Reply Severed Vibrations Severed Vibrations 4 months ago One of the best compiled informative videos about prehistoric hominids I have seen up to this point. Credible work! 1 Reply Michael Hermans Michael Hermans 4 months ago Our little friend from Flores certainly threw a spanned in the works I was there a few weeks ago and this video certainly has some interesting theories that have been on my mind lately Your story telling is getting so much more professional Well done 3 Reply 2 replies Al Al 4 months ago Your work has gotten really polished man. Been watching for a while, used to love your old videos where you walked around town, made me miss Rose City. Keep up all the great work, hope the kids book came out well. 1 Reply Juan Pascal Luciano Bravado Juan Pascal Luciano Bravado 3 months ago Thanks for your decent outlining of the Dmanisi finds. They don’t get the attention they should. 2 Reply Ryan Dibble Ryan Dibble 4 months ago I love your channel. Just straight up Stefan Milo. Your titles describe what you will be talking about. Your videos are very well produced and it's clear you take great care in their production and your presentation. Thank you for doing what you do man. 7 Reply 4 replies Usha Alexander Usha Alexander 4 months ago Loved this! Blew my mind with new info and the thoughtful way you put it all together. Bravo and thanks for this! 2 Reply Peter Payne Peter Payne 4 months ago Great new video! I love all the work you do! 6 Reply 1 reply Mentor Depret Mentor Depret 3 months ago (edited) I like the quality videos of Stefan Milo. They really help us to better understand the evolution of humanity around the globe. Well done. Reply Maggie Craigie Maggie Craigie 4 months ago Me too. I just love this subject and your channel is the best for accurate and spicy info. I was also thinking someone probably chewed up their food for them but then if that was me I’d rather crush it up with two rocks (mortar and pestle style) I’m surprised and delighted to see your writing a book on one of my other favourite subjects well done brilliant you are just brilliant. 2 Reply john darby john darby 2 weeks ago Hi Stefan , I am enjoying your work, and I was thinking about the skull with one tooth and wondered, when I saw bones that are smashed to get to the marrow , if the person with one tooth was gumming marrow as well as getting pre-chewed food from their relatives. Reply Soma's Academy Soma's Academy 4 months ago ~0:32 Note that the Apidima Cave find isn't definitively a Homo sapiens - it's closer to H. sapiens proportions than to later Neanderthal proportions from the same area, but falls within the range of diversity for earlier Neanderthal remains from other parts of Europe. If anyone is interested in learning more about OOA 2 and the diffusion of modern H. sapiens across the globe, I have a video all about the topic on my channel called "Discovering the World". 20 Reply 4 replies Richard Sharpe Richard Sharpe 4 months ago Hey Stefan, I love your videos. I am from New Zealand and will be in England and France next year. Are you aware of any websites with maps of prehistoric stores I should visit or if not are there any you would recommend? 6 Reply 1 reply Robert P Robert P 4 months ago Great video. Thank you for all the research you do! 7 Reply 1 reply Sherab Sherab 3 months ago Great video, as always! :) While this is not important for the video's main topic, it is astonishing how anatomically diversified is the 'population' at Dmanisi, raising questions about its mono-specific status. Reply Kepi Kepi 4 months ago I enjoy educational videos when the host is really passionate about the subject matter. I am enlightened and entertained. Thank you. 1 Reply steve clark steve clark 4 months ago very well done stefan, appreciate your work 1 Reply Alex Peters Alex Peters 4 months ago Been looking forward to this video since you put the preview out. Did not disappoint. Thank you! 5 Reply Thomas Long Thomas Long 4 months ago Your videos keep getting better and better. 5 Reply Lawrence Lawrence 4 months ago A very interesting and informative video. Thanks Stephan 5 Reply Anna Magnani Anna Magnani 3 months ago (Thank you I love this.) I ALSO HAVE SEEN ANOTHER 12 PART SERIES ABOUT OUR ORIGINS STARTED OUT OF AFRICA. THANK YOU FOR THIS. ❤️ Reply 2 replies L Monk L Monk 4 months ago I liked the video. Hopefully new fossils can be found that shed more light on this topic. 6 Reply Saaya Saaya 4 months ago your videos are so well made, i love them so much 1 Reply Uncle Toad Uncle Toad 4 months ago Thanks once more for sharing all this phantastic information with us, Stefan! Your channel is a treat. 18 Reply andrew ryan andrew ryan 4 months ago Another great video. You put a lot of work in. Really well done. Thanks I enjoyed it!! 1 Reply egon fawlkner egon fawlkner 4 months ago I think this is your best presentation yet, Stefan. Such interesting questions explored, and very nicely produced. Thank you. 2 Reply Ken Lyneham Ken Lyneham 3 months ago I really love your enthusiasm in your presentation of this video. You have certainly enthused me. I have been interested in the history of mankind since first reading 'The 7 Daughters of Eve' by Bryan Sykes and then, 'Guns Germs and Steel' by Jarod Diamond, many years ago. These days, many say there are shortcomings in the works of both authors, but in their day, they were considered cutting edge and one has to start somewhere. Please, keep up the good work. Reply Sharen Donnelly Sharen Donnelly 4 months ago Great video, very informative and thought provoking. I appreciate the effort you put into this video and find your presentation to be valid, if not a bit astonishing. Thus, the question: how many species of Homo were on earth, and how were they distilled down to just one, Homo Sapiens. Perhaps a video suggestion for the future? 1 Reply Alan Lowe Alan Lowe 4 weeks ago I was hoping you wouldn't be able to finish the video. I could have watched so much more of this. Amazing stuff Reply Samuel Spicer Samuel Spicer 4 months ago Hey Stefan! I love your work. Have you heard of the Cerutti Mastadon? Do you think you could discuss it at some point? 8 Reply 3 replies Ron Schlorff Ron Schlorff 3 months ago Good stuff, my favorite show to watch before beddy bye time. Very thought provoking and also intellectually stimulating as I'm a retired biologist and have studied many species in the field, and their adaptations to various environmental factors. And of course, we are just another animal, a clever monkey species, in the end. Nice episode about these little tool using monkeys migrating out of Africa and exploring new territories, like all animals on this planet have done, over uncounted millions of years. They are different from original stocks, due to pressures and result of evolution on them to adapt to new environments, like wetter, colder climates than their hot and drier Africa had, for one very obvious example. Even some "chimps" who are commenting here should understand that!! Nice to see a new episode on this subject, the migrations and adaptations. Thanks Stefan!! :D Reply Larry Paris Larry Paris 3 months ago A wonderful, informative video. Well done. Reply Dale St. Louis Dale St. Louis 4 months ago I am interested in details of the hows and whys of the movements. As you drew those long lines across Asia, I wondered how many generations that trip took. I think we'll eventually find remains to show that they lived (did not just travel through) the regions that one of those lines covers. The idea that a tribe moved to follow it's prey herd makes sense, but the animals did not go as far as the hominins eventually did. And, what are the other reasons? I think they go in search of better hunting and gathering territories, but they travel some days and have to stop to find food. Then they settle into this new territory, perhaps changes that environment, and a later generation repeats the process. Nobody walks thousands of miles for no reason, not knowing what's at the other end. 2 Reply 3 replies radstar radstar 1 month ago The longer the better. I really enjoy your content. Reply Richard BENNETT Richard BENNETT 3 months ago I love you, Man. Your ending was perfect---sincere, heartfelt, humble, friendly, gentle, and awed. It was perfect, dude. Reply Wesley Taylor Wesley Taylor 4 months ago A video on archaic hominid admixture found in modern populations would be great 8 Reply 1 reply Addison Huy Addison Huy 9 days ago What a cool video. It is really interesting to see how humans developed. Reply Sam Hunt Sam Hunt 1 month ago This is how archeology should be presented......well done and well worth the subscription. Reply Mikayla Cross Mikayla Cross 3 months ago I’m doing my archaeology degree in york this year and you totally inspired me to persue the prehistory section! Awesome vid !! 1 Reply 2 replies Electrochemical Path [EP] Electrochemical Path [EP] 1 month ago very interesting video. i have been trying to find this type of adventurous and brave look at history. I have one question concerning this specific topic. What if 'man' left 'Africa' by crude sail? Natural worldly ocean currents, imo, offer an early avenue to Earth population as well. Do you have any information or opinion on this? I have seen limited study on this idea. Love your work! Back to this video! Reply crivensro crivensro 3 months ago Excellent Video! Thank you for all your work doing it! Reply Charles Mouse Charles Mouse 4 months ago (edited) As always a fantastic, well presented, and extremely interesting video. "Out of Africa zero..?" FWVLIW: I'd go so far as to say that I'd be amazed if 'we' don't find solid evidence for Australopiths established outside Africa, maybe we already have..? I suspect the situation is somewhat equivalent to when there was no evidence for peoples in the Americas before Clovis - the 'lack' of said evidence was purely because nobody looked and what accidentally turned up was dismissed having assuming there wouldn't be any. 5 Reply Ashes of Hopes in a Bonfire of Dreams Ashes of Hopes in a Bonfire of Dreams 3 months ago I dig it. I know how difficult it is to even talk about homo sapiens but to talk about homo genus in general is totally mind boggling task. I can only imagine how much effort you had to put in to this video but it's worth it because I enjoyed each second if it. thank you so very much. Reply ManuLuck82 ManuLuck82 3 months ago Very interesting and it looks pretty updated with the last info related to the subject, thanks a lot for the video! Cheers! 👍 Reply Jhezmo Jhezmo 8 days ago (edited) Dear Stefan, I really enjoy your videos mate. Nice form. I have a question: As you demonstrated that Homo Floresiensis was in Indonesia over 2 million years ago, I immediately wondered what the continents looked at at the time. This would have been right between the permian and Triassic, in which all the continents were formed into one basic landmass. Pangea in the Permian, and then Laurasia and Gondwana land during the Triassic. However, later in the video you considered various migration routes across the continents as they currently are, that went down around the coast (as we know later waves of migration 70,000 odd years ago probably did, and I wonder about this conflict. Do you not believe in plate theory, and how the continents shifted? Or is it simply an oversight? Or some other reason. I ask out of curiosity, and wonder what you think? Personally, seeing how the continents were basically one, I think it makes imagining how early hominids got to those places easier to concieve. Thanks for your time and content. Reply Petros Hernandez Petros Hernandez 4 months ago I have no doubt that some of the next wave of paleoanthropologists are young homo-sapiens who have stumbled upon your channel and are inspired/fascinated/intrigued enough to learn more until their own passion grows to the point where they take that brave step of choosing to embark upon the life-long journey of higher education and research. Much in the same way that Carl Sagan inspired our current crop of astronomers/cosmologists/astrophysicists. You are that good a science communicator. Thank you Stefan. 1 Reply Aaron in Portsmouth,NH Aaron in Portsmouth,NH 3 months ago This video is a 'banger'. Love your delivery and enthusiasm, and impressed with your knowledge. Reply URBN CTRL URBN CTRL 4 months ago (edited) Very interesting video. Just one question, when mentioning brain size of these dwarf hominids, do you imply also that the brain size must mean they were incapable of higher function in social and technological development? I am aware of the types of brain, however it has been researched more and more that brain size is not equal to definitive level of intelligence. These dwarf cousins of ours could have led very similar lives to us on a social and even skill level as it comes to the average joe 2 million years ago, with the exception ofcourse of the benefit of time when it comes to development. Anyways, love your curious mind and as a Melanesian from Offcoast Papua (Maluku on the Wallacea line) i have always been interested in these things. I myself have dna strains of yet unidentified archaic hominin species as have many of my countrymen, we are apparently a missing link between Melanesians and later Polynesians. I believe there is alot of uncovered history of our human evolution hidden in the Pacific. 3 Stefan Milo Reply Stefan Milo · 2 replies Andrew D Mackay Andrew D Mackay 1 month ago Interestingly - after watching other YouTube videos today I learned that both the neanderthaals and the floresiensis hominins produced similar tools - in particular the small hand drills which are thought to have been used for putting holes in stones or bones to make necklaces - or perhaps holes in leather to make sling shots. These drills are roughly 'pistol 'shaped flints with narrow drill 'bit' at one end. I interpret the little floresiensis people as dedicated fisher/diver people - and this is because they have long feet, short lower legs, and according to one researcher, have arm sockets angled differently to other hominins which may assist swimming motions. I also came across a BBC video about the Bajau people - who also come from Flores -as well as nearby islands and they also dedicate their lives to diving. Apparently they have spleens which are twice the normal size and this allows them to stay under water at great depths for quite long periods. Reply Tim Robertsen Tim Robertsen 4 months ago Considering that toothdecay, and other tooth and gum related infections, are very deadly if left untreated, I've wondered if ancient humans had some form of knowledge or practice of antibiotics. 2 Reply Smooth_sundaes Smooth_sundaes 4 months ago Love your channel, very much in my realm of interest. Thank you Stefan 1 Reply Zena O'Brien Zena O'Brien 4 months ago Thanks for making this video. It's VERY informative. 2 Reply 1 reply Ian Stettner Ian Stettner 3 months ago You should take a look at the TV show Primal. Not by any means realistic but there's some encounters between distinct hominid species that are really cool to see on screen. Reply Read My Comment Read My Comment 4 months ago Life must have felt so visceral and free back then. Short. Brutal. Intense. 5 Reply Johann Weber Johann Weber 3 months ago Fascinating how Stefan shows respect to to the life of human-like individuals living millions of people ago. Reply Gorgonite Gorgonite 4 months ago Dude! Another awesome video. I love your work. 2 Reply Jon Kline Jon Kline 2 months ago Thank you very much this was just fascinating. Your enthusiasm for the topic was obvious Reply Jason Stire Jason Stire 4 months ago Another banger Stefan ! Thanks for the amazing content ! 1 Reply RawBogan RawBogan 1 month ago Thank you Stefan! Anything to do with early human/hominin migration is just fascinating to me. Reply LuxisAlukard LuxisAlukard 4 months ago Not enough aliens nor world wide ancient civilizations, but this video is really good! =) 3 Reply Simon Ward-Horner Simon Ward-Horner 4 months ago Wonderful to see you back with another great video. I'm looking forward to the next video in October! Reply jean gorman jean gorman 4 months ago I was waiting for your next video. I know you have a busy life. l am delighted to have a new, excellent piece of your work to enjoy. Trained as an anthropologist, went on to be a physician and now happily retired with time to enjoy your videos. Thanx 1 Reply Mary Ann the Nytowl Mary Ann the Nytowl 3 months ago Stephan, you have blossomed into a truly top-notch science communicator! Perhaps you might be able to collaborate with others, such as Gutsick Gibbon, on primate, hominid and hominin development, too. I truly enjoy your work. ❤️❤️ Can't afford any streaming services right now. Especially since I've got $1.47 left until I get paid on the 3rd. Sucks to be disabled and abandoned by the guy you expected to spend the rest of your life with. He waited until our 39th year of marriage to toss me away, too, so ... not gonna be any shopping for replacements, for me. Not like I would've, anyway. I mated for life. Just ... he didn't. Anyway, enough of thst shyt. I might be able to see the show someday. 1 Reply 16 replies Laura Walker Laura Walker 4 months ago Love Stefan’s thoughtful videos. Re: migrations of hominids, weren’t the ocean levels lower 1.5 million years ago? That fact could greatly affect migration. Back when New Zealand was a continent and quite large, it could have afforded access to South America. 1 Reply William Cashell William Cashell 4 months ago Always looking forward to your next video. You are an amazing science communicator. Wish you’d write a book. Best wishes always homie. Reply Elizabeth McGlothlin Elizabeth McGlothlin 4 months ago Yet another archeologic site I've never heard of before! Thank you. 3 Reply 2 replies Myles F. Corcoran Myles F. Corcoran 4 months ago Excellent summation Stephan. Thank you. Reply Scott E-P Scott E-P 4 months ago Really enjoyed the video. Looking forward to more. 1 Reply Jack Delvo Jack Delvo 4 months ago I think the concept of “migration” is misused when applied to our ancient ancestors in a time when the spread of a small clan from one end of a valley to the other may take several generations. Our ability to adapt not so much as individuals but slowly one generation to the next, one step, one mile, one valley at a time over thousands of years passing new information from one generation to the next was and is our greatest strength. We must remember each new generation is not a stranger in a strange land but a native born to the land living just a few miles down the road from where they were born and equipped with all the passed down accumulated skills needed to survive. I think the beginning of our “ humanity” is when we began to honor and respect our elders and ancestors for passing on those hard learned skills needed to survive. 2 Reply redstone1999 redstone1999 4 months ago About Gummy Joe. I think you misunderstood his life. Just because he was toothless for many years, does not mean he could not chew food on his own. My wife has been toothless for 25 years and me for around 15 years. Rarely there are foods we can not eat and without dentures or someone else chewing our food for us. Humans are ingenious in adapting to challenges. We enjoy very rare/almost raw steaks and salads, raw fruits & vegetables with no problems. Nuts (after crushed into a paste, think peanut butter.), whole hard grains/beans (after soaking overnight and pounded into paste, or boiled. ). The list is an endless list of options. I know and can imagine the horrible pains Joe went through with broken/rotting teeth and he had no dentist to help him. Christmas eve is a bad time to have two molars crack and break. It took me to January 2 to finally get a dentist. After that nightmare, I booked an appointment to have the remaining fragile cracked/enamel-stripped teeth removed. 6 Reply 1 reply Mariaangelita Anderson Mariaangelita Anderson 3 months ago This is a great rendering of this important twist in information. So much love how much we learn, the deeper... or more expansive we dig. You are looking good 👍 So funny how you can't stop giggling about the next subject. 😂🤭 Reply Stephen Hughes Stephen Hughes 4 months ago I'm glad Stefan is in the world to bring some thoughts about the human journey to my mind 7 Reply Sam Gamgee Sam Gamgee 4 months ago Take it one step further, Stefan my friend, perhaps it wasn't one person chewing Gummy Joe's food, but a whole big family and their friends. Everyone loved GJ.! 2 Reply 1 reply mad555555 mad555555 4 months ago I am extremely happy for you! If you are going to do videos on nebulous platform consider me a subscriber to nebulous. You do prehistory videos the best. Hands down. Your videos should be curriculum for schools. 👏🏽👏🏽👏🏽 2 Reply M.C Ellen M.C Ellen 3 months ago 6:00 I agree, but it also shows me a value for life. The fight for survival. I’d be curious if enough of his remains, well, REMAINED to do an analysis on how well he ate before he died. Did starvation do him in as he couldn’t eat anything without pain, or did he fight his food down and was killed in some other fashion? This reminds me of the example of ancient prosthetic limbs for amputees. Reply Jo Smotherman Jo Smotherman 4 months ago This was very informative and interesting. 1 Reply Chirilas521 Chirilas521 2 months ago Excellent documentary Dr. We definitely must accept with modesty, that we, humans, are a product of the evolution. Forget about deities, gods and celestial goblins that intervened in our existence. Great and scientific video. Sincere congratulations.👍👏 Reply Andro Galaxy Andro Galaxy 4 months ago increíble, nuestra historia me deja sin palabras, que mundo tan grande 10 Reply 1 reply John Hamilton John Hamilton 4 months ago Wonderful information. Could we please have this information in book form? There is so much here to remember and study. I ould like more! Reply Sean Balme Sean Balme 3 months ago Fascinating stuff. I love how paleontology and anthropology has changed so much since I was a kid obsessed with with evolution on Earth Reply Gandalf Greyhame Gandalf Greyhame 2 months ago The Dmanisi people could have used their Oldowan tools to tenderize the meats and chop it up into smaller pieces for Gummy Joe - they didn't necessarily have to chew it up for him/her. Also could have done the same for any plant foods, like seeds and nuts, etc. This person would have most likely been a very high value individual, somebody who was either an elder leader and/or an important source of information for the tribe - they didn't exactly have either books or the internet to learn how to do something back then. Reply Andrew Hudson Andrew Hudson 2 months ago Great video, excellent topic. Wondering if there was any DNA to be had from the Dmanisians. Reply erik ringdal erik ringdal 3 months ago I have a distant memory of reading something in a book around 30 years ago: in dutch indonesia , Perhaps in the twenties or thirties a group of people had to be relocated for some major project. They asked if the little people also were being moved! A few Lines in an old book many years ago, and i did not take note at the time! Has anyone read something similar? This was before the hobbies were excavated 1 Reply Hollylivengood Hollylivengood 4 months ago This was a lot of fun. I love your presentation, it's made for those of us who need a laugh now and then if we are going to digest any information. 5 Reply Scott Oldfield Scott Oldfield 3 months ago Great stuff. So glad to 'discover' this channel.👍 Cheers.⚓🎣 Reply Wayne McLeod Wayne McLeod 4 months ago Nice video. quite informative. Curious as to how small an island has to be to get the phenomenon of island dwarfism? Reply 1 reply The Wandering Sloth The Wandering Sloth 3 months ago just a wonderful video! No other words to describe it. Reply WabiSabi WabiSabi 3 months ago It would be instructive to know: 1. what was the optimal population number for the survival of a hominin group/settlement? and 2. how many generations would it have taken for one gene pool group to go from Africa to Flores? 1 Reply Ray Davison Ray Davison 1 month ago Thanks for all the info. I like that you stick to the known evidence & that you don't make wild speculations as do many podcasters. I will look for your history of the magic herb. I am vaping some "Maui Wowie" as I watch your video on this rainy Sunday morning in Central Kentucky(US). Reply Microchasm Microchasm 4 months ago Awesome video! Very glad I found your channel. 3 Reply 2 replies Experience Experience 4 months ago Well our ancestor migration is more confusing than i ever thought. Thanks for the video, it's give me new understanding about humans migration. Reply Gypsum Gypsum 3 months ago Stefan, I liked this a lot. I learned, loved the images, information, but loved your humor most of all. Seeing you grinning at the tooth section added a personal touch no other podcaster has achieved. I’ll be back, subscribed and “liked”. Thx, sir. Reply John Holly John Holly 4 months ago I watch a lot of you tube educators/commentators, and Stefan, you are my favorite. Reply Maurice B Maurice B 4 months ago @Stefan Milo. Another clue on 2 big out of africa events may be the DNA of the human flea. I read somewhere that the human flea dna evolved along with or homo sapiens ancestors but then met another much older human flea dna branch in asia. That other branch would then be fleas from earlier smaller hominim species already in asia, could be? 2 Reply BasilBrush BooshieBoosh BasilBrush BooshieBoosh 3 months ago Great stuff Stefan, again.. You're a star mate. Reply Jane's Brain Jane's Brain 4 months ago This is a top tier Stefan video. Great job :^) 5 Reply 7 replies PortlandLife PortlandLife 4 months ago stefan milo, you are an S tier youtuber my friend. Definitely getting nebula now. Stefan Milo Reply Norbert Djihnson Norbert Djihnson 4 months ago (edited) The real reason that early hominids were so successful at exploring new uncharted places and populating the world, largely on foot ...was the reason behind what drove them to do so .....to get away from their annoying families 2 Reply David Barton David Barton 4 weeks ago Cool stuff! I found your content through the Graham Hancock rabbit hole and am glad I did! Reply John Samsung S7 John Samsung S7 4 months ago I would like to thank you for your work it is well done and very interesting! Who are of we and when did we become us and why are we the only one left on our branch? The Orangutan is the only one left on its branch but for different reasons I think. Reply 1 reply Matt Murder Matt Murder 3 months ago I actually love you! PLEASE keep making content Reply LudosErgoSum LudosErgoSum 4 months ago One of the best channels on YouTube! Doesn't post regurarly and always top quality content with compelling stories that doesn't stray from the channel to "please" the algorithm. I recently purged many channels because they feel inauthentic and "samey" to cater to the YouTube Gods for views and AdSense. I also fear the Patron system could force the channel to go in circles by patrons forcing the same topics because they think it's "funny". This channel does neither of these things, it's got integrity! Slow burner and yet it will burn on forever! Thank you for making these fantastic videos, wish you and your family all the best! 10 Reply 1 reply Judith Gockel Judith Gockel 4 months ago Possibly the edentulous fellow(?) knew things, and could convey that information to the young of the group. Someone not having to hunt or gather or do maintenance would have had a lot of time in their hands to demonstrate many skills to children. This would also provide some child care, freeing mom for other work. Reply CLAY CLAY 1 month ago you just do amazing work! thank you Reply Jayne H Jayne H 1 day ago (edited) I like the fact that after doing this for a really long time now - all through covid - archeologists are talking to you and appearing on your videos. Your English accent is going though. Reply Princess Polly Princess Polly 1 month ago In some cases they may have chewed food for the elderly or sick but they did have stones for grinding roots and stuff that was too fibrous to chew so maybe they ground their food with stones for them and mixed it with water or something. Very hard to tell what people did over 2 million years ago lol Reply gobblinal gobblinal 3 months ago So, Hobbits left Africa 2.4M (or so years ago), wandered along the coast and/or inland, settled on Flores Island, then died out a mere 80-50k years ago? That's a DAMN long time to be hanging around. I hope there are lots more remains found eventually. Human history is one convoluted graph! 1 Reply Matt’s take on the ancients Matt’s take on the ancients 4 months ago Out of Africa two sounds like a boxing rematch. Easy to remember though. Great video btw. 5 Reply NogodsNomasters NogodsNomasters 4 months ago Great stuff looking forward to your next one 1 Reply daniel daniel 1 month ago (edited) Answers the question in first 15 second, expands, tv quality production value, funny, great personality, no bs, to the point, good data and presentation, like and subscribed. Reply Robert Gotschall Robert Gotschall 3 months ago (edited) I think it is amazing that there were probably people living in Asia a milion years ago who could make fire and knew how to fish with high tech fishing tools, yet it would take them another nine hundred thousand years at least, just to get across the Bearing Straights. Reply 1 reply Arlene Katz Arlene Katz 4 months ago Milo. This is wonderful. Thank you. 1 Reply 1 reply Brian O'Donnell Brian O'Donnell 1 month ago Great video, great presentation, wow just love this clip , its just fascinating Reply Peter Garrone Peter Garrone 4 months ago Regarding the one-toothed Dmanisi fossil proving that someone else chewed his food. I wonder what eliminates the possibility that he pulped his food with a stone tool and a rock? 5 Reply The man in the Cape The man in the Cape 4 months ago Excellent as always Stefan Reply Pencilpauli Pencilpauli 4 months ago Great stuff thanks Milo, a real banger of a video! 2 Reply Delia_Watercolors Delia_Watercolors 3 months ago (edited) You gave three travel options- all are on foot and alll plausible, and each likely taken by groups of our kin over 100,000s (if not longer!) of years. But, why was sailing along the coast also not mentioned as a possibility? Evidence of early seafaring skills, even by Neanderthals, has been seriously discussed in academia over the past couple of years. 2 Reply Austin Linton Austin Linton 4 months ago always good to see a new Stefan Milo video Reply Norris H Norris H 4 months ago Brilliant presentation. Bravo! Reply Dark Matter Dark Matter 4 months ago The idea of very early humans leaving Africa and then spreading out across thousands of miles through lush and exotic locations for millions of years and caring for each other to such a degree that they were even chewing food for older relatives is...breathtaking. It's hard to not feel a sense of obligation to that legacy and to doing our part in advancing ourselves so that future generations can look back and say the same. 5 Reply 1 reply John Mew John Mew 3 months ago Dear Stephan I am surprised that so few anthropologists mention the rise and fall of sea levels during the various Ice Ages. It is suggested that these were of 50 or possibly 80 feet at different times and must have trapped animals and early hominids in isolated areas where as Darwin confirmed evolution happens quickly. Prof John Mew. 1 Reply Jens Eklof Jens Eklof 4 months ago Another great video! Thank you 1 Reply Jonathan Cabrera Jonathan Cabrera 1 month ago I could watch your channel all day bro, thank you for the content. Reply sandwip sen sandwip sen 4 months ago Very well narrated. 2 Reply imetr8r imetr8r 3 months ago A 4th way early hominids could have travelled to Indonesia is underwater. Millions of years ago there were intense ice periods with dramatically lower sea levels. This would have placed continental and island boundaries far from their present outlines, placing them under the sea today, making for a much shorter and very bountiful routes along those ancient coasts. Reply Jason Colon Jason Colon 4 months ago (edited) Just imagine how much fossil evidence is now under water... A lot ! 24 Reply 2 replies Kirk Marrie Kirk Marrie 4 months ago Outstanding presentation!!! Thank you 1 Reply Ana Luísa Ana Luísa 4 months ago I love your videos Stefan 💖 1 Reply Terry Towelling Terry Towelling 4 months ago very enjoyable video, hats off to stefan Reply Hin Håle Hin Håle 4 months ago Great video a always! How's the search for the Flores hobbits going btw? Reply Bengtajax Bengtajax 3 months ago (edited) Love the video, but could you show the actual world maps at that time? Like flores was probably not an island, as indonesia was connected untill pleistocene ended. Correct me if im wrong. first vid I saw of you. Def subbed Reply Carol Hough Carol Hough 4 months ago Mumble years ago, when I was studying anthropology and archeology in college (yes, they had colleges then. No, we didn't scribe in stone.) I had a textbook called "Halluginogens and History" which was absolutely fascinating. Second comment, just because a person doesn't have teeth doesn't mean that they can't eat food easily. It doesn't have to be prechewed or pureed. 6 Reply 6 replies Anthony Proffitt Anthony Proffitt 4 months ago Absolutely fascinating! 1 Reply Tyler Marchus Tyler Marchus 4 months ago Love your videos! 2 Reply THE TAPELOOPS THE TAPELOOPS 3 months ago I look forward to yr upcoming video focusing on the role of psycho-active plants in human evolution. The mind boggles. Literally Reply Stoyan Dinev Stoyan Dinev 4 months ago (edited) very nice video and good points, cheers! 2 Reply John Harn John Harn 3 months ago Stefan, did you leave a white plastic fork sticking up out of the dirt near the Picture Rock petroglyphs between Summer Lake and Silver Lake Oregon? I saw one there and thought of you. It had been placed there deliberately. Reply branominal branominal 4 months ago Another absolute banger of a video 5 Reply 1 reply spacejack spacejack 4 months ago Awesome video Stefan! 1 Reply Muad'Dib Muad'Dib 3 months ago The more answers, the more questions! That's what's great about science. Reply tosehoed123 tosehoed123 3 months ago You said large animals tend to decrease I size when isolated. Well there's also something called Island gigantism where they get larger when isolated, so it can go both ways Reply Nick Stafford Nick Stafford 4 months ago I love your videos. I once (at much to my current embarrassment) found Graham Hancock’s (well at least some 😵‍💫) stuff super interesting and thought it could be true. What I love is that you make real history just as interesting. 1 Reply 1 reply Luke Washington Luke Washington 3 months ago I'm in no way an expert on ancient humans, but my thoughts on the matter are that given one seemingly universal behavior of humans (at least based on modern ones) is a desire on some level to explore and seek out new pastures, would it be out of the question that humans have been expanding for practically as long as humans have a species/group have existed? Reply barbacoa666 barbacoa666 4 months ago Call me a skeptic, but I have difficulty accepting this video could be made, and only a single spoon was used. 594 Reply 41 replies gadolinii gadolinii 4 months ago That's some quality work there, cheers! 1 Reply ThatOneVRGuy ThatOneVRGuy 4 months ago These numbers blow my mind ! Theres no way we just woke up few thousands yrs ago and started making awesome statues . Guys like Graham Hancock are most deff right with their theories 2 Reply Monkey Wrench Monkey Wrench 1 month ago Brilliant as always! Reply pima Canyon pima Canyon 1 month ago great video. yes, it is fascinating. thank you! Reply Torbjörn Larsson Torbjörn Larsson 3 months ago Thank you Stefan... very good videos... Reply Gabriel Nunes Gabriel Nunes 4 months ago A cup of coffee, a lighter, a bowl, some plant material, a Stefan premier...damn I don't need anything else. 13 Reply 2 replies wim ziekman wim ziekman 2 months ago Such a interesting and entrtaining narrative! Super! Reply Pixelkip Pixelkip 4 months ago would be awesome to see that interview! You gotta be my favorite channel on here =) 1 Reply Obi Wan Cannabi Obi Wan Cannabi 2 weeks ago good video you made some great points, I personally believe the initial migration would have been following the coast line, its certainly the easiest natural barrier when you consider all the mountain ranges out there. Evidence like you say is spotty at best, and its not like you are going to find evidence on any coast that exists today, the planet looked a bit different with a majority of the worlds water locked up as ice., we just have to look at the problem logically, they were smarter than we think, navigating the coast stopping at streams for fresh water would have been way easier than climbing the harshest mountains we know, sure evidence of the odd idiot might survive there but hey it would, its not like things decay or get eaten by any animals, nothing survives there for long Reply Victoria Burkhardt Victoria Burkhardt 4 months ago Amazing information. Thank you. Reply kelvin Trieu kelvin Trieu 3 months ago When you illustrated the route that our ancestor took to go to asia, would have the continent looked different back then? Reply mirrorblue100 mirrorblue100 4 months ago Those were the days!! 3 Reply Christopher Carr Christopher Carr 1 month ago (edited) Did Gummy Joe wear clothes? It's a bit hard to understand how he didn't, in that climate. The combination of the climate, and his lack of teeth, also suggests to me, pretty strongly, that they were making use of fire, at least sometimes. I like your Oregon Zoo shirt. :-) Reply Just another commenter Just another commenter 3 months ago 'Let's look at the evidence' and I already love these channel Reply blondie x blondie x 3 months ago Love what you do! Reply Cheetahtastic Cheetahtastic 4 months ago Always look forward to your videos! 1 Reply Bruce Taylor Bruce Taylor 3 months ago I don't know this guy but I like his videos enough that if it was a case of survival I'd chew his food for him. Now as for surviving on food someone chewed for me... I'd really want to know that person, close family or partner close. So it seems to me chewing someone's food is simpler than eating chewed food (from a not starving point of view). Now starve me for sometime and that chewed food probably look like chocolate! Reply TuAFFalcon TuAFFalcon 4 months ago I was a man of astrophysics until I discovered this channel. The telescope will have to wait now. I want to save up for an Sahelanthropus Tchadensis skull from bone clones along with the premium box. 10 Reply V V 4 months ago 6:39 ish. I very much agree with you that cooperation is key. Thank you for reinforcing this idea. Reply Jason Jenkins Jason Jenkins 4 months ago One thing about the island dwarfism theory. You must remember that sea levels may well have been much lower at the time due to glaciation. Not really sure what sea levels were like 80,000 years ago Reply Apocalypse 2049 Apocalypse 2049 1 month ago (edited) Fun fact: Some of the Hominis didn't leave Africa and they currently exist there. 2 Reply Spyro Frost Spyro Frost 4 months ago Oh boy. Another channel to randomly stumble upon to binge over the next few nights. 2 Reply 1 reply Baron von Quiply Baron von Quiply 4 months ago It's fascinating to think that it started with a rock and a stick, but now human technology can leave the planet. Reply thehuntfortruth thehuntfortruth 4 months ago Yay new video!!! 3 Reply Cynthia Shepherd Cynthia Shepherd 4 months ago Missed you. This one was really good, thanks so much. 1 Reply Raissa Anstett Raissa Anstett 3 months ago (edited) I love your videos! Thanks for making them. Do you know where I can find a 3D print file for the toothless skull? 1 Reply 2 replies AG's House AG's House 4 months ago I like the way you say the things... facts and stuff. Cheers! Reply Graham Turner Graham Turner 4 months ago Fascinating, thank you! 👍 1 Reply George Clark George Clark 2 weeks ago Are you taking into account the various water levels of the oceans and seas during ice ages? I suspect Flores was not an island at all during different time periods. Reply 1 reply CharKi CharKi 3 months ago (edited) Im Aboriginal and in my country we call them Net Net's. They are the little people. They are part of our folklore and stories of the deep past. They are revered and deeply respected. 4 Reply The observer The observer 2 months ago Gummy Joe would be a great subject for an early hominin novel. A great prehuman adventure love story! Reply 1 reply Eugene V Eugene V 3 weeks ago I really enjoyed this video, so much I subscribed! Reply roxammon roxammon 2 months ago Great video Stefan. Reply OOL OOL 3 months ago Pre-chewing is still practiced here and there, it’s how you made baby food before Gerber took it over. I can easily imagine it being done for a disabled elder in an ancient setting. 1 Reply Mohammed Says Rashid Mohammed Says Rashid 3 months ago Interested video with excellent explained 👌 👏🏻 👍🏻 thanks Reply Gary K. Nedrow Gary K. Nedrow 4 months ago First, Milo, many thanks for sticking to the facts. Out of Africa 1 and 2 are convenient constructs for describing a range of findings; the constructs are not arbitrary, but they are used too frequently as absolute. Many of us have argued that hominins migrated out of Africa many times. Whether those early migrants were "human" is a very different question; it depends on how you wish to define humanity. To my mind, homo habilis and homo erectus were proto-humans; they did not yet possess all of the qualities seen in modern humans. Indeed, the fossils labeled "homo sapiens" found in Morocco 300,000 years ago may not have been fully human, but the record they left behind is so sketchy, no one can say definitively. If the entire record of human evolution had been discovered all at once, our present classifications would not be used. Instead, we woudl probably limit the term 'homo sapiens sapiens' to our ancestors who lived about 60,000 years ago and thereafter. Beginning at that time, we see real evidence of abstract thought, language, trading networks, the making of fire, clothing and shelters that enabled adaptation to harsher environments, art, culture, and all the rest. We can say with some confidence that none of us are genetic descendants of the hominins described in this video. It still seems most likely that modern humans branched off from late homo erectus around 400,000 years ago and evolved separately in Africa and then in the Levant, Asia, and Europe. 3 Reply 1 reply julia Ruva julia Ruva 4 months ago Do you think the earliest migrators used clothing? Or did they have enough fur/hair to survive the frozen winters of the coldest areas? I know there are a few primates that live in very cold areas but they seem to have luxurious fur/hair IMO. 1 Reply 3 replies cHAZE cHAZE 3 months ago Hey Stefan I have been looking on bone clones at some neanderthal skulls and they're so expensive to me does your code still work? And if so what is it I can't find the video you said it in? Reply John Augsburger John Augsburger 4 months ago Thanks, I love your videos. Reply Makima chan Makima chan 1 month ago Good stuff. But we need to remember when thinking about the journey we took millions of years ago the coast lines were very different from today Reply EXcellent stuFF EXcellent stuFF 3 months ago Thanks, very good job done... informative video Reply oakdogfu oakdogfu 4 months ago SM, I pray your beauty face is prevalent! No more of this threatening to be serious. You ARE serious…. and also approachable for us non-combatants (academic-wise). Just stay WONDERFUL. K?! 8 Reply 2 replies Christine Fedruk Christine Fedruk 4 months ago I hope you let us know when the nebula series is up. YT is terrible for that topic but I am quiet interested 1 Reply Andrew Scoppetta Andrew Scoppetta 4 months ago (edited) I appreciate you Stefan! What a BANGER (x5) of a video! Premiere chat was fun, y’all missed out 2 Reply Judy Casley Judy Casley 3 months ago I could have watched a much longer video. Good going. Reply Steve Fisher Steve Fisher 4 months ago Incredible info. THANK YOU Reply Ryan FitzAlan Ryan FitzAlan 2 months ago Stefan, I would love to know your take on a theory of mine. The basic idea is that a central behavior was key to the very beginning of early hominin evolution, pulling them from arboreal lifestyles towards and into the Savannah while also setting them in the exact right place to ascertain more and more gradual knowledge that would culminate in the exact descendent modern human behavior that is core to early modern humans, ancient modern humans and very essential to humans today. the long name for the theory as i refer to it (perhaps there is a scientific name already), The Wildfire-to-Slash and Burn Theory. The premise if i can be short about it, is that Early Hominins were drawn to fresh wildfire scars due to the abundant extra resources, smoked out bee hives, animal carcasses, and most importantly Fresh re-growing perennial and annual plant shoots and roots. This new knowledge would keep them returning to the same places for differing ecological stages for different resources associated, and draw them to "chasing" wildfire zones and migrating around. This behavior and the knowledge associated with it, parallels early modern humans who we know all across the world practiced slash and burn techniques, as a form of early unorganized semi-agrarian behavior. This same behavior and its innate use by early modern humans, is the reason that domestic agriculture was seemingly inevitable wherever humans would go and independently occurred several times across the globe. This early part of the theory also helps us understand why and how an arboreal sylvan species, would come to spend enough time learning to forage plant species in the savannah, which would need to be prerequisite before they would become more bipedal. Its easy to imagine that if such a population came to become isolated in a sylvan island like Mount Ng'iro next to lake Turkana, that the proportion of the population spending time in the surrounding border savannah would outnumber the still completely sylvan members and genetic drift would push the whole Sylvan island populous, towards Savanah adaptations while not taking the exclusively out of the forest. 1 Reply Silvia B Silvia B 1 month ago The researchers took DNA from fossils of our close relatives (Neanderthals and Denisovans) dating back 40,000 to 50,000 years and compared it to the genomes of 279 modern humans from around the world. Using a computational method called the "ancestral recombination graph" - a stochastic process that simulates a phylogenetic tree going back in time to the common ancestor of a DNA sequence - they were able to distinguish similarities and differences between the different DNA. They found that only 1.5% of the human genome is both unique and shared by all people living today, and that up to 7% of the human genome is more closely related to that of Homo sapiens than to that of Neanderthals or Denisovans. This does not mean that 93% of our genome is Neanderthal. In fact, every non-African individual has only 1.5-2% Neanderthal DNA. But if you look at different people, these pieces of Neanderthal DNA are in different places in the genome, so if you add them up, a large part of the human genome is covered. Another large part of the genome also includes DNA from other extinct and still unknown hominids. The figure of 1.5 to 7% is therefore DNA that is strictly unique to Homo sapiens and not found in other species. 5 Reply 2 replies kevokevokevo kevokevokevo 4 months ago Can we get a video about Man's earliest use of mathematics? 1 Reply Are Hansen Are Hansen 4 months ago Thanx, great video. You are getting more and more professional, yet not losing your non-formal style. I did miss the plastic spoon and its tiny clip-on mike, though… Reply John Kroener John Kroener 3 months ago I think I sort of missed the implication of the lack of cut marks on older skull specimens. Is this about tool usage or more having to do with hypotheses about the extent of warring among those early humans? I know this has been a big debate among public intellectuals recently—the extent of violent conflict among ancient humans—and obviously an issue that’s kind of a Trojan horse for contemporary politics. Reply hope1575 hope1575 4 months ago Hey, you should keep plugging your book! I just remembered I never bought it, and the link isn't as easy as it could be to find 1 Reply Rebecca Hale Rebecca Hale 2 days ago Awesome! I personally know a couple of people that I'm sure are pre-homo sapien. I'll introduce you to them if you want. Reply Max Chu Max Chu 4 months ago I’m not waiting 8 hours, just gonna hop on nebula instead 3 Reply DDeden DDeden 4 months ago I think proto-hominins expanded INTO SW Europe & NE Africa after the MSC from the Black Sea region (descendants of Danuvius, Hungaripithecus, Graecopithecus) following the Rift Valley & Sea coasts, later expanding out again back to the Black sea (Dmanisi), this happening many times. Reply Vinny Kwa Vinny Kwa 4 months ago Loved this video! Reply Arnaud Vaillant Arnaud Vaillant 4 months ago Great video as usual! Getting much more professional, but I miss the spoon Reply Dr. Spongebob Sucks 12 Dr. Spongebob Sucks 12 4 months ago 15:30 I find it hard to believe they shot straight through the jungles of east India and indo China. It certainly would've been safer to hug the coast, especially knowing how relatively calm the Indian ocean is Reply 1 reply Damien Steiner Damien Steiner 4 months ago Awesome question that is not easy to answer. Homo Florensis bothers me to no end. Reply Anders Gustafsson Anders Gustafsson 4 months ago "Out of Africa, again and again" by Templeton (2002). After all the evidence since 2002, the title still makes sense... 5 Reply Michael Moore Michael Moore 4 months ago I loved this video, as usual it was a banger. love it. 1 Reply Plus gel Plus gel 4 months ago doing great Stefan! thanks! Reply P Q P Q 2 weeks ago Thank you for humouring those of us who use Imperial System and giving both units of measure 👍🏻 Reply 1 reply Jay Ski Jay Ski 3 months ago Chewing someone's food for them does sound grim to us modern hominids but I think researchers believe that it's what all mothers did for their children prior to the invention of baby food. Some speculate that's the origin of the kiss. I've also read that humans living near the arctic circle would wear down their teeth prematurely chewing hides to soften them so the elderly of their tribes needed pre-chewed foods as well. But if I'm ever in need of chewing assistance, I'm glad we've invented the blender - pass the smoothie please. Reply Richard in Spain Richard in Spain 1 month ago Stefan, do you happen to know any christians or other god believing persons? I would love to hear their explanations about their past. Thanks for exsisting, by the way, your work is priceless. Reply 1 reply Sam Gamgee Sam Gamgee 3 months ago Another thing about Gummy Joe. Don't want to blow any theories about love and good cheer, but I suppose there were such things as mortars and pestles in those days, or (two rocks to grind together) and someone could have pre-chewn Gummy's food that way, or perhaps even Gummy did it herself. Something to consider anyway. Reply dixon481 dixon481 4 months ago Just beautiful. Thank you. Reply WOTHAN*** WOTHAN*** 7 days ago Danuvius guggenmosi is an extinct species of great ape that lived 11.6 million years ago during the Middle–Late Miocene in southern Germany. It is the sole member of the genus Danuvius. The area at this time was probably a woodland with a seasonal climate. A male specimen was estimated to have weighed about 31 kg (68 lb), and two females 17 and 19 kg (37 and 42 lb). Both genus and species were described in November 2019.[1] Reply dschonsie dschonsie 4 months ago 0:58 sets my imagination on fire, i can really feel how it might have been 50 000 years ago Reply Brian Ridlon Brian Ridlon 3 months ago (edited) I do not think anyone was chewing food for gummy Joe. It was more like use smooth and rough different kinds of river rocks to process food which most like lead to the development of stone tools Just make most sense for the development of primitive tools and pottery #stefan Milo I have my reasons WHY I believe this to be true I really did enjoy watch your video recording Reply Brandon Winstead Brandon Winstead 4 months ago GET HYPED ITS EFFING MILO 4 Reply 1 reply Gary Pugh Gary Pugh 3 months ago Wish we had fossils of what we looked like before caveman...between when we were in the amphibian stage up to what we looked like as amphibian walking up into and out of water. Reply Penelope Hunt Penelope Hunt 1 month ago Makes sense. Met the locals and ran screaming away 😂 Reply Latoya Plummer Latoya Plummer 1 month ago One of your best Presentations Reply Freedom Born Freedom Born 3 months ago Oh man I'm glad I stayed until the end. Nice work mate. I'll give Nebula a look Reply Jonathon Cardwell Jonathon Cardwell 2 months ago There are artifacts older than that in Germany and in NC in the bc era. Reply Apollo Apollo 4 months ago (edited) Hey do you know they found 6 millon year old footprints in Crete Greece?. Fascinating. Kind of messes with your video and timeline 3 Reply 1 reply Denny Smith Denny Smith 4 days ago Gummy Joe equals love! You said it, sorta, once, but it bears repeating. Don't short-shrift the immense power of hominid love, affection and empathy in keeping us alive and surviving, persisting and thriving. To care for a debilitated elder or any member of the tribe demonstrates our social obligate-ness and the primacy of empathy over bellicosity. We didn't, apparently, kill each-other off to the last decrepit geezer, now did we!? No, we're still here, feeding all the family--whether impling or limping, and all at the pace of a beating heart. Reply Kevin Stewart Kevin Stewart 2 months ago Refering back to gummy Joe. When you suggested that someone chewed their food for them. A thought came up. Is it possible that these early hominids had a better command over fire than what we give them credit for? I know that making fire with primitive tools seems daunting to most of us. But if it's your one of two advancements that separates you from the chimp lineage I would assume that you cling to that advantage like it's your last meal (because it could be). Of course, I don't know what the science says on this, but it makes sense as a hypothesis to me Reply Colin Barnett Colin Barnett 2 months ago Did the descendants of Out of Africa 2 systematically eliminate the descendants of Out of Africa 1? Would this have happened in the same way that OOA 2 eliminated (possibly) large mega-vertebrates in North America? Or did the resemblance of OOA 2 descendants to OOA 1 descendants make their extermination more an instance of warfare (killing, mating) rather than a predator-prey dynamic? Reply john harris john harris 4 months ago Yes very interesting vidieo. Its a very complex subject and there's so much that we don't know. We need more people working in the "feild"! Reply Leah Kirkpatrick Leah Kirkpatrick 4 months ago First of all the spoon comment wins everything if there's a prize. Most importantly is the direction of cooperation and resilience.And when did the appearance of the sclera appear? Love you work ❤️ Reply GogoGidget GogoGidget 4 months ago oh hell yayus 4 Reply 1 reply rigeus rigeus 4 months ago €5.00 Fascinating, mate! Thanks! Reply Janis Joplin Janis Joplin 2 months ago Chewing their food is kind of grim, but when you think about it, premastication was probably common with small children as well. They were breastfed until later in childhood, but it's not uncommon for kids now to turn 1 and get their first baby teeth. I'm sure they reached up for whatever mom was eating, and in the absence of food processors, she probably chewed some up and passed it on to her child. It happens with all kinds of animals, why wouldn't it be something moms would do with their kids? Reply No Sondre Norheim No Sondre Norheim 1 month ago This is quite eye opening. The established status quo is being pulled apart like pre masticated meat. Reply Dan Patterson Dan Patterson 4 months ago So much more to be discovered. Reply jeannick guerin jeannick guerin 3 months ago The Bab el Mandel strait opened and closed with sea level and tectonic during the last millions years it link Ethiopia and Yemen is a very practical short cut , Ethiopia is also very close to one of the focal location for Homo Abilis Reply Vladimir Putin, Dreadlock Rasta Vladimir Putin, Dreadlock Rasta 3 months ago (edited) Hominins bore me. I want to know about Ad Hominins! 3 Reply Shannon Daniels Shannon Daniels 4 months ago Would you say our greatest strength is our extreme cooperation or how easily domesticated we are? Reply 1 reply Ali Al-Mahdi Ali Al-Mahdi 3 months ago I am an esteemed psychologist from Yemen, and I once went into the great pyramid of Giza and found a jug of urine that belonged to Pharaoh Ramesses ii, I drank 50ml of it and had strange dreams for a whole week:- 1- This might sound a bit odd and random, but I have actually dreamt of Zeus mating with a palm tree and begetting an ant that is capable of crawling on the edge of the Higgs Boson! 2- I also dreamt of my mitochondria protesting to break free from my organelles, claiming that nature has enslaved them! 3- On another night of a full moon, I dreamt of Professor Noam Chomsky eating books and regurgitating the field of Modern Linguistics! 4- The funniest dream I ever had, was when I had a vision of a Neanderthal swallowing a whole apple, and it played ping-pong with his heart while passing down his esophagus! 5- This is by no means a joke, but the most disgusting dream I ever had, was of a female's menstruation blood turning into jelly and being marketed by an Oompa Loompa as Halloween treats! 6- I also had a nightmare of riding on a mare at night, with the Pharaoh's personal witch, she was pregnant with a fetus that was eating her placenta! Do you think my dreams have any philosophical implications at all? I'm just a little concerned that I'm having a neurological malfunction! Given that I've heard my neurons conspiring to abandon the dwelling of my skull, things don't seem to be heading in the right direction, ever since! Reply Lufe Lufe 3 months ago The more we learn the more we realize how little we know about human history and yet after each discovery of a few fossils new claims are made. Even though (given the evidence found so far) the explanations are interesting and plausible, just maybe, one day someone will challenge the 'out of Africa' theory. There seems no doubt some species of hominins or humans did roam out of Africa (rather than just decide to leave) but maybe other species developed elsewhere. Who really knows! 1 Reply David Vasey David Vasey 1 month ago Georgia is a stunning location Reply katherandefy katherandefy 1 month ago I wanna know when humans started to speak. How did this happen!? Fascinating. Reply 1 reply NORTH 02 NORTH 02 4 months ago (edited) Humans are not from africa. Just kidding, I just get this comment on every video I post ;/ Also nice video as always, production is fantastic! 5 Reply 1 reply Amiranis Goro Amiranis Goro 3 months ago At Masol they have found not only cut-marked bones, but also stone tools, different from olduwan tools, and contemporaneus, if not older than the earliest olduwan stone tools assemblage in Africa (i.e. Bokol Dora in Ethiopia, 2.61-2.58 Ma)... About homo habilis, the discovery, in the Olduvai Bed I, of an homo erectus phalanges (OH86) suggest that homo habilis was not the best candidate as maker of olduwan industry... Reply Jacob Creech Jacob Creech 4 months ago absolute banger of a video, mate! Reply Robert Celiberti Robert Celiberti 2 months ago I found the video very interesting. I wonder if the had primitive language. I know chimpanzees went their separate ways between7 and 5 million years ago. More will be discovered in the coming years. Reply christian goodpaster christian goodpaster 4 months ago I'm pretty sure that was the best ad pitch for Nebula that I've heard so far. I am not joking. 1 Reply Airstream Wanderings Airstream Wanderings 3 months ago Banger of a video, 10 stars. Reply All Ones All Ones 4 months ago 10am chummer you got to be joking some of us also live in portland and need our beauty sleep as we are not as good looking as your spoon. 3 Reply 3 replies TheSuperhomosapien TheSuperhomosapien 3 weeks ago (edited) If they added "Electric Boogaloo" to the end of "Out of Africa 2" then it instantly becomes the best title ever. Reply Noman Dodson Noman Dodson 3 months ago The irony of finding ancient prehistoric human remains under a cathedral… 1 Reply Yuvaraj Gopal Yuvaraj Gopal 2 months ago Geography was pretty different during 2.5million years ago Africa india and South east Asia was much closer for migration from Ethiopia if one knows exactly the physical nature of earth and vegetation it is easier for anthropologist to determine how and why migration took place 1 Reply Aaron in Portsmouth,NH Aaron in Portsmouth,NH 3 months ago The point of sociability is an important feature along with a basic intelligence, no matter how less evolved than later iterations, made all hominids having the same 'humanness' and potential for evolution of body and mind. No matter our physical appearances, in essence we have always been 'human' and in possession of that most vital human quality---A Soul. Reply Brandon Brandon 4 months ago 6:42 we can work together but we are also our own worst enemy. 1 Reply El Foreigner El Foreigner 4 months ago (edited) That’s the essence of great migrations: constantly fluctuating weather and adaptation to new environments. BTW: Our ancestors lived side by side with other human species: our stories of giants, trolls, orcs, gremlins, dwarves are just our memories turned into fantasy. Humans have a tendency to turn history into myth 3 Reply Maci Zabok Maci Zabok 4 months ago It was really funny with chewing food for somebody else while you can tender any food with two stones. Reply PlantSerialKiller PlantSerialKiller 4 months ago I never had a creator that I would follow on nebula. See you there Stefan! Reply MONICA BENNETT MONICA BENNETT 3 months ago I think these ancient hominins floated to far-off places. Even a 4-year-old instinctively knows what floats and what sinks after only a few observations. Have you looked into the the findings along the coast of Eritrea? I think that is where these hominins left from. Reply Frank Mitchell Frank Mitchell 4 months ago You say the skull was an older hominin when they died. Any idea of how old they were at death? Reply Frogpal Peeper Frogpal Peeper 3 months ago I want to point out that as early humans left Africa for Eurasia they encountered not only different prey species but also different potential predators. There have never been bears or tigers in Africa, for example. Our ancestors had to learn to survive new threats. Reply walter shumer walter shumer 4 months ago I thought the out of Africa theory has been debunked?The anthropologist Robert Sepher has a video series "called not out of Africa" On his YouTube channel called Atlantean gardens. 3 Reply 1 reply Nicky Keenan Nicky Keenan 4 months ago An absolutely banger as always Reply Magdalene Magdalene 4 months ago This was an absolute banger😎 1 Reply daniel 44 daniel 44 2 months ago Stefan i can judge you as a good man , thank you it was fantastic Reply Nabium Nabium 4 months ago It says in one of the papers you quoted on screen: "most of the traits seperating H. floresiensis from H. sapiens are not readily attributable to pathology (e.g., Down syndrome)." Does that mean that we've found other hominins with Down syndrome? Do some people think H. floresiensis was another hominin(erectus I guess) with Down syndrome? 1 Reply 1 reply Jane Kahn Jane Kahn 3 months ago Loved ur show...I've subscribed...thanks Reply Gar Gar 1 month ago Slept with, such a nonsensical term. They interbreed and were close enough to have fertile offspring. 3 Reply 1 reply Sean Welch Sean Welch 3 months ago Perhaps from their point of view they never left, they just slowly spread out over their known world. What were the environments and animal territories of the time? That seems more relevant than when people crosses a continental divide or arbitrary natural border. Reply obstinatejack obstinatejack 2 months ago chewing food for gummy joe got me cracking up so hard Reply B C Meslier B C Meslier 3 months ago Pretty good video. One thing that paleontologists never seem to consider is the time it took these migrations. They certainly would have followed the wanderings of herd animals. It may have taken them 100,000 years to travel a 100 or 1,000 miles. They would have had to take breaks to make tools, household goods, etc.,all the things necessary for living and hunting. As such a baby born would have known the animals his generation hunted. Older people may remember different animals of their youth. It may have only consisted of one or two animals. Since life spans were short, several generations may have occupied the camp site before moving on to follow the herds. So I don't think the "hunting new animals" means anything other than the animals were not the animals of Africa. Some migrations in Indonesia area would certainly have occurred during a time of the land bridges between the islands. Please learn to pronounce the country Georgia. GAY-OR-GIH-UH, not JOR-JUH, JOR-JUH, Georgia, is a state in the Southern United States. Reply Alfredo Jonstone Alfredo Jonstone 4 months ago Stefan Milo a dude so dedicated to ancient history that he hangs out in his wood shed with his Hominid skull. The main question is does he throw it against the wall in moments of pondering, like Cpt. Virgil Hilts from the Great Escape ? Reply Roonho7 Roonho7 3 months ago how do you determine whats a tool and a corroded rock? Reply mikepette mikepette 4 months ago Gumming the food ? I bet they made stews and ate soft fruits. The entire idea of cooking meat and vegetables is food in the fact this person lived so long after losing the ability to chew. I bet this elder took care of the young and prepared the daily harvest/catch for the rest. Sure it's just speculation but what else can someone like this contribute ? You can bet there were no freeloaders back then. And the other obvious concept is that of love and caring. As Milo said we took care of our companions and families we didn't just leave them to die. Many animals do this. I saw a documentary about a lioness that was injured and basically lay around with the pride until she was able to eat again and had she not had their protection its likely hyaenas would have killed her. Hominid success is driven by a hyper notion of caring for the less fortunate. Its amazing and I'll maintain that this is the beginnings of the concept of love. 7 Reply Joe Shmoe Joe Shmoe 4 months ago Hey that was so good, love love love your content boss! Please don’t stop baby! Reply Bat Man Bat Man 3 months ago After finding new artifacts, they now believe that the Australian Aborigines were here probably 70,000 years ago. So that would mean they were part of the 1st wave as they also have Neanderthal DNA. I have thought for a long time now that there were more than one group coming out. 1 Reply Paul Quirk Paul Quirk 3 months ago Took me a long time to figure out "Oldawan." IMO, this should have been explained. Reply khankrum1 khankrum1 1 month ago Nearly 40 years ago I was ridiculed by some members of Sheffield University Archaeology Dep't For suggesting that Australopithecus was capable of leaving Africa. Reply Eric Taylor Eric Taylor 3 months ago Do you think there was some proto human child who was grossed out to be chewing his grandfather's food for him? Reply NaySay Network NaySay Network 3 months ago This is pseudo science 3 Reply 7 replies Michael Kyriacou Michael Kyriacou 4 months ago Yo Stefan, another brilliant video, thanks so much!!! ❤️ Shame about the cannabis video's,damn!!! Btw YouTube is chocka block full of video's about cannabis... 💚💚💚💚💚 1 Reply James Carter James Carter 4 months ago Such good stuff 1 Reply Michael Haars Michael Haars 1 month ago Seems like many great places are accidentally found, how much more is still unearthed? Reply Hala Hala Hala Hala 4 months ago Faaaaascinating, Milo. Thanks so much Reply john doe john doe 1 month ago Great Video ... why do they try to keep it to a couple migration time points out of Africa? There could have been hundreds or thousands of instances where small groups travelled out of Africa. Some groups could have died out rather quickly being in a different climate, others could have survived and evolved. Reply Valter Couto Valter Couto 3 months ago The "out of Africa" theory has been totally academically debunked and everyone that studies Anthropology is aware of the fact. It's kept afloat for political reasons. 3 Reply 1 reply 𓆏 𓆏 4 months ago (edited) What's pretty fascinating is haplogroup R1b around Central Africa. It traces back to Central Asia/Siberia 27k years ago, entered Africa around 18k-14k years ago. They come from the same population that makes up a large part of European and Native American Ancestry. It's quite fitting that they live in Chad, since they made they journey out of Africa, migrated to Siberia, then went all the way back to Africa again. Absolute Chad. Funnily enough we still have stories from that Siberian population from 40k-30k years ago, like the cosmic hunt myth. 1 Reply 1 reply John Tiller John Tiller 4 months ago (edited) I study the hemp trade of Japan during the isolation period from 1600,s to 1945. If you wanted the best sails cloth during this era Japan was where it come from. The Shito Priest refuse to wear silk. As a result work and methods was refined to produce a top quality light weight cloth the priest could utilise. They also realise the best growing areas were on the steep south side of mountain which did not impede on the flat cropping areas. Rice was not allow to be consume by the farming class so had no means of making their own sake. So they use cannibus for recreation use and barter for other produce. But Dupont put a end to that industry during the USA occupation. Reply Hareecio Nelson Hareecio Nelson 1 month ago imagine being a medieval builder who finds the bones of weird looking animals, some of which look disturbingly humanoid. No-one would believe you, unless you carried the pieces with you. Reply 1 reply AnNo AnNo 4 months ago It's awesome that you're now on Nebula as well... slowly I am biding a farewell to YT Reply Imminent Extinction Imminent Extinction 3 months ago Very nice. Well played. Say on! Reply John D John D 4 months ago Really interesting and informative, great! Until you said "gummy joe" and made light of the fact that person had no teeth for a long time. Losing all your teeth is deeply upsetting let alone a major problem eating to this day. Poor joe as you called him must have suffered greatly. He had a really debilitating condition, if he'd had one eye socket smashed in would you have called him "one eyed joe" or something similar? No...out of respect and probably feeling sorry for him. 3 Reply 5 replies Andrew Benoit Andrew Benoit 4 months ago Haircut and beard looks clean! Amazing video, was just wondering when we were going to get a new one from you! 2 Reply Shallow Comics Shallow Comics 4 months ago Alright he’s back!! Been waiting for a video. Reply Alan OReilly Alan OReilly 3 months ago Australia's first nation people go back around 65,000 and have rock paintings from 45,000 years ago Reply Craig Wiley Craig Wiley 4 months ago (edited) The Great Schema that is embroidered on Eastern Orthodox Christian monks’ robes features the skull of Adam buried under the Cross - so finding remains of early hominids underneath a monastery is weirdly On Brand 1 Reply Em K Em K 2 months ago There is even another loop in your poetic thread: H. Flouro “running into” us- the descendants of them (low %), H. neanderthal (bigger low %), and ancient H. Sapiens, these many years later! Reply Jack Starr Jack Starr 3 months ago What's this rubbish about apes and implying they were human? Humans developed separately in Europe, Asia, & Africa. Stop lying... we are not the same... 4 Reply 3 replies eurybaric eurybaric 4 months ago This video was a BANGER Reply Karl Mokross Karl Mokross 4 months ago Love thinking on how humanity began with Gummy Joe Reply Petros Georgiades Petros Georgiades 4 months ago Stefan has lost some weight... we're witnessing human evolution in real time, sort of 😂😂 1 Reply Malachite Mack Malachite Mack 4 months ago Another banger episode! Reply Deep Fake Studio Deep Fake Studio 3 months ago interesting video indeed Reply Charles Speaks The Truth Charles Speaks The Truth 4 months ago Thanks Stefan for speaking on facts and truth, especially with all of these alt right folks out here twisting history to fit into their ignorant beliefs on race and history. It's a breath of fresh air on this YouTube streets lol. 6 Reply Doug Thompson Doug Thompson 3 months ago many people who take psychedelics are always happy and just can`t wipe that grin off their faces..other`s not so much Reply Rebekah Davis Rebekah Davis 4 months ago I'll sign up for Nebula just to watch your Banger of a video :) Reply Juan Pascal Luciano Bravado Juan Pascal Luciano Bravado 3 months ago Thank you, sir, may we have another? Reply perrin6 perrin6 3 months ago when you said 'right in the ball park' I crossed my legs and winced. Reply Beverly Blake Beverly Blake 2 months ago Please do Australia!!!!! Reply Mane Gelis Mane Gelis 3 months ago (edited) Don't take this channel as an authority on human origins. He pushes the line that Caucasoids arose from migrating sub-Saharan Africans (or else ambiguous Dravidian/North African brown ethnic people, going off of the artwork he commissions) who evolved white European features as recently as 30,000-20,000 years ago. Wrong, Stefan. Stop it. 6 Reply 1 reply John Ishikawa John Ishikawa 4 months ago Establishing then that the earliest migrations of hominins out of Africa at some 2.6 million years ago, this means that we are seeing the galaxy in andromeda as it was when these proto humans were first venturing out of Africa--the andromeda galaxy being 2.6 million light years distant from us. Now that's something to think about! 2 Reply Dani de Janeiro Dani de Janeiro 3 months ago Lots of animals work together and cooperate, everything from ants to orcas. But what separates us from them is only one thing: language. Reply Mark Newberry Mark Newberry 3 months ago When? Long enough to benefit in all sorts of ways from the move. 🙂 Reply RockThe Red870 RockThe Red870 4 months ago The Soviet Union may be gone but it lives on in the hearts of many millions around the world Reply The Steelworks The Steelworks 3 months ago Can’t remember the specific day when they left Africa but I remember it was a Tuesday Reply Lestats Games Lestats Games 3 months ago He has better teeth than I do. Yep, there are foods I can’t eat, but I basically eat almost everything I want. And I gum everything pretty much. Reply Jacob Williams Jacob Williams 3 months ago Some of those "stone tools" are just regular rocks. 1 Reply Tulu Solo Ren Tulu Solo Ren 3 months ago Crazy to think we went from splitting rocks to splitting atoms. Reply Catherine Ames Catherine Ames 4 months ago Giggling at "as you can see, this person is kind of old", the person in question being some approximate 1.85 million years old Stefan Milo Reply Woody Woody 1 month ago Thank you! Reply Mysha M. Mysha M. 2 months ago On the claim of subtle traces of OoA1: Is there a reason for there being traces at all? Do we have anything to proof the Red Sea was a sea, where anyone might settle after passing over it? Or do we know if the Suez Straight might have been wet, inviting taking a pause, rather than a wide beach? Reply 3 replies Lauren Lauren 3 months ago CHOCOLATE?! I remember when they first invented chocolate. Reply susan Legeza susan Legeza 4 months ago Thank you! Reply Donna Donna 4 months ago Chewing food for infants and elderly remains a very common practice in many cultures Reply Santiago Londoño Osorio Santiago Londoño Osorio 4 weeks ago Something I did not understand. If Out of Africa 2 humans met with Out of Africa 1 humans in Java about 60.000 yrs ago, then the remains found in Java would have been 60.000 yrs old and not 2.5 mill yrs old. The difference in the timeline would suggest that they dod not meet, and in fact many Out of Africa 1 expeditons might have died out before the new humans arrived. 1 Reply Sam Gamgee Sam Gamgee 3 months ago I was going to say, Stefan: you've made a variety of great videos, but you have never done a herbaceous one. Reply Daxxon Jabiru Daxxon Jabiru 4 months ago Thanks for this video. The "Gummy Joe" part gave me the 'feels'. (It also made me throw up a little in my mouth... I won't offer you any.) Reply uncletigger McLaren uncletigger McLaren 4 months ago I wish YouTube would stop messing with my notifications and subscriptions. I keep having to re-sub to you, Stefan. Reply rafaelfcf rafaelfcf 4 months ago Milo, you should add your face to the thumbnail. I saw it like 10 times, youtube even recommended it, but I was not that interested. HOWEVER, youtube just played it after another video and I was like: "oooooh, it's a Milo's video" and now I'm watching it. The plastic spoon microphone is part of your charm, USE IT. 1 Reply Nettle Nettle 2 weeks ago I’m a simple woman; a YouTuber refers to an early toothless hominid as “Gummy Joe”, and I hit subscribe… Reply 1 reply erstazi erstazi 4 months ago Great video. Unrelated topic but potential video idea: A recently published paper: DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13991 "A new research conducted by two paleontologists at the University of Malaga has just revealed that human evolution uniquely combines an increase in brain size with the acquisition of an increasingly juvenile cranial shape." 1 Reply 2 replies rh1507 rh1507 4 months ago I am wondering what the climate was like in the region when they migrated from Africa into the middle east. Reply Michelle Nguyen Michelle Nguyen 3 weeks ago i think back in the days they study certain animals which immigrated through out different continent came back to africa at different times and was curious where they went and how they knew how to come back safe with such a big heard. just like any humans their will be adventures and curious being wanting to know whets out their. they most likely fallow certain animals, and ended up staying some where their was plenty of food and what not. some probably came back for the rest and brough some more with them and as they continued moving arund like that with the help of animals . im sure some times no one came back and at one point, they had to move on by them self but im sure after decades, they have thought the travel routes to later generations . once they found a better habitat to survive , im sure a bunch of them decided to stay there . maybe tthey found caves , higher advantage points for protection and hunting. more resource for food and what ever reasons made them stayed instead of going back home. maybe met other tribes and ci exists with each other or they both fought and killed each other off lol. their just so much possibilities which keeps this topic so interesting as they dig anf find new things about prehistoric humans. also , they never talk about how many women were around these times and how many they were in a tribe . did everyone just took turn if thier was only one.im sure as soon they could get pregant, they did it as soon a possible to grow their tribe for new blood as life was short for them abck then , Reply Tony Lambregts Tony Lambregts 4 months ago That was really good. 1 Reply yamin alam yamin alam 3 months ago thank you brother . I am from BANGlADESH , your follower. best wishes for you. Reply Joseph Zorzin Joseph Zorzin 3 months ago The skull with the teeth missing for an old person- very interesting! Reply Watchman Watchman 4 months ago I left Africa in 1992. That was early. 1 Reply Catherine McClane Catherine McClane 2 months ago Did you know there was a major celestial event where a brown dwarf that came within a one lightyear of our own sun, highjacking energy from it, which is suspected to of caused environmental issues and an exstincton event on earth around seventy five thousand years ago. Reply 1 reply Aaron in Portsmouth,NH Aaron in Portsmouth,NH 3 months ago Great video and great information. Yes, hominids have been around for over a million years, and therefore several migrations out of Africa had to have occurred. It's only with Homo Sapiens that must of the focus of migration out of Africa focused on that iteration that took place about 70,000 years ago. Unfortunately, the Jewish and Christian Clergy were unaware of population genetics, biochemistry, biology, geology, or any other Sciences. And therefore they had to create a mythical 'Biblical Genealogy' about Noah and a Great Flood to make sense of human diversity and geographical spread. Racialism gets its impetus from bad Biblical genealogy, and the myths of autochthony and purity of blood as well derive from misinterpretations of Biblical Text. A text composed mostly of metaphors about human creation and dispersal for a humanity that wasn't ready for Science principles, nor the more accurate interpretations found in the Baha'i Writings of Baha'u'llah and His eldest son, Abdu'l Baha. Reply Jonathan Cabrera Jonathan Cabrera 1 month ago Or guming their fruits down, i mean, they did eat alot of vegetation too didnt they? and all the nutrients we need come from plants (except b12 which comes from bacteria found in the soil) so he/she couldve def survived w/out eating flesh. Reply Eric Olson Eric Olson 4 months ago You're a banger Stefan. Reply Darth Atlas Darth Atlas 3 months ago “Out of Africa 2” sounds like a bad Eddie Murphy movie😂 Reply pete'spal pete'spal 3 months ago The first time I heard of Denisovans I knew people must have left Africa way before anyone had considered in order for them to exist. I've always thought they would have followed the coast as that would have been the easiest means of travel. As the next generation looked for new land to settle that again would have been the easiest path, and they wouldn't have had to fight other humans to make it happen. The rivers flowing to those coasts would have also been an easier way to move inland, just as far as people could go. All those generations just on and on, it gets pretty heady after a while. Reply 2 replies punxxi punxxi 3 months ago My youngest son is 3 % Neanderthal according to his DNA test. I found that really interesting, most people won't , but that's my story & I'm sticking to it. Reply Katy Ungodly Katy Ungodly 4 months ago I can imagine a situation where someone else chewed that person's food for them. Ignore our modern precepts of "EWWW" Reply Eugenio Arpayoglou Eugenio Arpayoglou 4 months ago It was like Lord Of The Rings back then. So many different "races" coexisting. 1 Reply caveman caveman caveman caveman 3 months ago I think the exit came when the southern gold mines played out 1 Reply Tad S'Klallam Tad S'Klallam 1 month ago toothless joe was definetly someone's grandpa and I think that's really profound Reply 1 reply rose rose 1 month ago i kinda feel like colonized is a very strange word for talking about prehistoric migrations. maybe colonization means something different when it comes to prehistoric times but if not, it’s kinda weird to saying they’re colonizing eurasia. right? Reply Sky Pilot Sky Pilot 3 months ago Highly speculative , conclusions But scholarly and appreciated Reply John Riley John Riley 3 months ago Its not hard to imagine that there was much selection happening in Eurasia and then, with migration, injecting gene-flow back into Africa. The fullest story of human evolution has to involve all of Africa-Eurasia. 1 Reply Louis Cervantez Louis Cervantez 2 months ago Excellent for me - thanks Reply billy skinner billy skinner 4 months ago I love watching prehistoric documentaries. I find it funny tho how we can't get these migration theories out of our heads. I don't believe it anymore🤔 it's funny that for dinosaurs it's no migration theories, but for mammals, for some reason we all came from the center of Africa 🤣 Reply Lane Roth Sailing Lane Roth Sailing 4 months ago Thanks for these videos Milo! I believe in the biblical creation story but I also love to hear about the archeology of Earth. it's a great information. I think it's possible both can fit together somehow. Reply Konnor James Konnor James 2 months ago This is was a great video. Reply Cullen Farran Cullen Farran 4 months ago Sea level would have been much different too Reply Speedo Mars Speedo Mars 3 months ago They did not leave until the ice age started to end and the cold weather retreat. Reply Lakrids Pibe Lakrids Pibe 4 months ago Absolute banger video! Reply Jennifer Finn Jennifer Finn 2 months ago This video was a banger! Reply Bentcop . biz Bentcop . biz 3 months ago How can stone tools be dated if not bio material? Reply Andoro S. Andoro S. 4 months ago I wonder if Gummy Joe talked with permenant whistle through his tooth/gums like the creepy old dude on Family Guy. I also wonder if Gummy Joe discovered the first batch of prison hooch after leaving his buffalo horn of rotten berries and pond water out in the sun for too long.... definitely hired one of his daughters to sew him up some woolyrhinoskin-proto-overalls Reply Alex Cook Alex Cook 2 months ago I need to find someone that loves me like Stefan loves tracing hominid ancestry Reply 1noduncle 1noduncle 4 months ago Two words intelligent intervention Reply Andy M. Andy M. 4 months ago That’s my ‘Out of Barnsley’ hypothesis shot to pieces then. Reply chickenassasintk chickenassasintk 4 months ago My like and comment. Please add in the names of the music you use cause its hard trying to find them with just the names of the creators 1 Reply Jacob Darling Jacob Darling 4 months ago Absolutely love your videos but can you also speak on the proportional importance of brain to body, elephants have much bigger brains then us yet we are smarter. Other wise your doing amazing 1 Reply 2 replies Nick Turner Nick Turner 3 months ago Curiosity... I wonder what is over that hill, lake, river.... Reply Darrayl DeWolf Darrayl DeWolf 1 month ago The primitive tools they used to skin the game were just as efficient to slice meat to a minimum; and perfectly digestible. Reply Glen Coveney Glen Coveney 4 months ago Hominids have had an incredibly long story,and now we are getting to the last ragged pages through our own efforts. Reply eatanAustralopith _ eatanAustralopith _ 22 hours ago What about Ebu Gogo? Coincidence? I think alot of those little boogers got out and did pretty good for themselves. Reply Michael Bryant Michael Bryant 3 months ago I don't know how but, l had missed you. But, l am a banger now! Subscribed. Reply Sipho the Guy Sipho the Guy 3 months ago I first left Africa when I was nineteen. Reply MammaDuck MammaDuck 4 months ago Uncooked meat is much easier to gum up than cooked meat. I know from experience. I was born with a genetic condition which caused my teeth to come in without any enamel, both as a child, and as an adult, and by the time I was in my mid-20's, they had all worn down to the gum line, at which time they had to be removed. The dentist cursed the whole way through because whenever he'd try to pull one, it would immediately turn to powder or shatter into multiple pieces which were even harder to dig out. Raw fish (such as sushi and sashimi) are super easy to gum up, and certain cuts of beef are also easier to chew raw. I don't eat pork or chicken raw because of risks from parasites and salmonella, but I imagine that it would be much the same with those foods. I know this sounds preposterous that early on in prehistory, but is there any chance that these people may have been consuming a lot of dairy? I remember my dentist telling me about the foods I would need to avoid in order to keep my teeth for the longest time possible, and one of the things he said to stay away from was anything dairy. He told me that the lactase and lactose in milk was a type of sugar, and that they would cause rapid decay on teeth which had no enamel on them to protect them. Early homo from that period would not have known about dental hygiene, and a diet high in milk would cause their teeth to rot out quite quickly. It would have taken quite some time for the bone to fully recede after all the teeth were lost, and either the guy was far older than most people got to be in early agricultural communities, or else something was causing rapid tooth decay at a young age. Most vegetable matter would not do it, and meat wouldn't do it as fast. MIght they have been milking horses or aurochs as far back as that? We have no idea when animal husbandry might have started on the open range, though there are societies who, even today practice it. They utilize everything from reindeer to horses, to sheep and goats, to modern cattle on open range, instead of pens. Just a thought. Feel free to shoot the idea down. There is a strong lack of evidence either way, and it is unlikely that we will ever have evidence for something like that, short of finding bones which have undergone little enough fossilization that we can run tests on them to better determine what they were eating, 2 Reply 3 replies Mike Fantasia Mike Fantasia 4 months ago Wow Milo, you've come quite aways! 1 Reply shaddup shaddup 3 months ago my favorite thing abt my guy is he says “hom oh” when he says the word by itself but “hoe mo erectus” or something lmaoo Reply Kamla Arora Kamla Arora 3 months ago Paleoanthropology : to me it also contributes to the puzzle of mix breeds animal lower-man shape, similarly big birds; that understood homosapiens utterrances. Reply Sebastian Rios Sebastian Rios 3 months ago Gracias! Reply bleupeony2 bleupeony2 4 months ago I like being able to see you in this presentation Reply Joe the Stack Joe the Stack 4 months ago Did the early hominins roaming Africa and Asia live in tribes, tribal communities, or perhaps small family groups or clans? I think they must have had culture too, to thrive and spread as they did. Imagine all the other things they must have been doing besides cranking out Olduwan-style stone choppers. And I think they already had some kind of language beyond hoots and grunts. 1 Reply Martha Newsome Martha Newsome 3 months ago Doesn't change the fact that my kids through I roamed with the dinosaurs. Reply marti forse marti forse 4 months ago I’ve been following you since your debut and I’m really happy for how much you expanded. I disagree with a couple of your personal perspectives but hey.. you do you. And you’re doing great Reply Stevie Reedeker Stevie Reedeker 3 months ago Must have been a very good reason , because every day they still keep coming. Reply Robert Schuster Robert Schuster 2 months ago (edited) Gummy Joe could have just 2 rocks to make mash out of food. The ancient bologna being made. Reply OneTwoMark OneTwoMark 1 month ago (edited) So do we share no relation to out of Africa 1 people? But only out of Africa 2? I’m a complete noob to this, evidently. 18:49 is what confused me and made me ask. Reply Stephen Gent Stephen Gent 4 months ago We only know what we know. Science needs to keep an open mind as to what was possible and when. For myself, I am of the view that we began our colony of the world far earlier than we now accept. Why not? Man is endlessly curious Reply Marcelo Antunes Marcelo Antunes 1 month ago (edited) If I had no teeth for so long that the holes closed up I'd probably say 'It's time to migrate!" Reply Peter France Peter France 1 month ago 2.5 mya. For context the end of the Cretaceous Period (extinction of dinosaurs) was 65 mya - to give a perspective on the speed of evolution. Reply Jose Luigi Marvalera Jose Luigi Marvalera 1 month ago I like the idea of someone chewing food for then but also…if their teeth holes closed it almost seems like it was a generational evolution or adaptation and maaaaybe we loved for millennia’s but suckling minimal foraged food and maybe where we got our sucking as affection, and even candy and snacks we still have vestiges of. Reply Joel C Joel C 3 months ago How does the apparent existence of sasquatch fit in ? Reply dshreve34 dshreve34 4 months ago "You aint a man until you kill a Neanderthal"- If I had a nickel for every time someone said that or was it a hobbit, no perhaps pygmy. Anyhow, we were killers. Banger of a video. Reply Tanner Black Tanner Black 4 months ago your videos kick ass Reply Henry Hawthorn Henry Hawthorn 3 months ago I’m willing to think outside the box and think of the possibility that early hominids from outside of Africa did NOT migrate from Africa, but instead evolved simultaneously in Eurasia in the same time frame as the earliest African hominids from about 2 mya. This hypothesis would be explain, in my opinion, of the great diversity of different species of hominids, and the variety of races of modern homo sapients. 1 Reply 1 reply Al Marzian Al Marzian 4 months ago Others might have chewed the food for the toothless. I believe the Inuit would chew the food for infants Reply Jeep Mega Jeep Mega 3 months ago Out Of Africa 2: Migration Boogaloo 1 Reply OldOwl OldOwl 3 months ago What's so eye-opening for me is that at my age of 52 our media for decades always portrayed "cave men" as being essentially human / homo-sapian sized or like Neanderthals. You never really thought in detail of how for a very long period of time, potentially a few million years, that there were these little 4 ft tall hairy monkey-like hominids running around together with the most primitive of tools, not even any spears yet, and were omniverious hunter-gatherers following animal herds, killing them, eating them, and at 1.5 to 2 million years ago, still long before homo sapiens, were cooking them with fire. It would be so wild to go back in time to 5 million, then 4 million, then 3 million, then 2 million years ago to see how it all evolved. And it makes you realize that even now we're evolving too but will never know into what because it takes so long. 1 Reply Powersend Powersend 2 months ago @4:13 did you say they “perhaps not surprisingly, for smaller brained hominids, they produced older warn/one/wand -style tools” ???? Reply Pablo Sánchez Pablo Sánchez 4 months ago Calling him gummy Joe sounded a bit cruel. It may be to soon... Reply Jeff Moore Jeff Moore 2 months ago (edited) danuvius guggenmosi = Bipedal Austrians 12 million years ago? I'd love to hear your take on it. Reply 6 replies Lilaec Kitties Lilaec Kitties 4 months ago 18:30 Could they not have ''chewed'' up their food by using the tools? Like how we tenderize meat with a mallet? 2 Reply Udit Pande Udit Pande 3 weeks ago Love from india I love ur videos Can you clear my one doubt when humans started eating animals Reply Freedom Born Freedom Born 3 months ago Bosei have always amazed me Reply Benjamin Dover Benjamin Dover 4 months ago PNAS Now there's an institution you can trust. 1 Reply Ti Ti 4 months ago Can we go back in time and prevent it?? My mortgage is due on the 1st thank you Reply Robert Queberg Robert Queberg 4 months ago As to chewing another’s food, it goes with;”What goes around, comes around.” Many women, as late as the early 20th century chewed foods for their babies, in order to provide better nutrition than breast milk alone. And when the parent could no longer properly chew their food, it was time for the kids to return the gift of life. Or as I had seen done in making a tough cut of beef useful, you throw it on a counter and beat it, in order to break the fibers. These people could throw a stone cut chunk of critter on a rock, and beat it nearly to a paste. With the addition of some blood you have a nutritious meal. It is a very interesting subject that will certainly have addendums added in the future. Your presentation was very enjoyable. Thank you. 1 Reply Sigma_Gejmer Sigma_Gejmer 1 month ago my ass wouldve stayed in primordial soup if i knew this is the world we would live in 1 Reply 2sik_UK 2sik_UK 4 months ago It kinda bothers me that researchers treat skulls and bones not like parts of people but more like objects Reply Neaera DeMuri Neaera DeMuri 3 months ago This may seem unrelated but, I am very curious! Have you done much work studying traditional indigenous knowledge with western archaeology? Or know of any other creators that make videos on pairing indigenous knowledge and history with western style archaeology? Especially stuff made by indigenous creators or at least letting them speak for themselves. Currently listening to Fresh Banana Leaves and I am really interested in learning more science from indigenous perspectives. Reply Gisela Metcalfe Gisela Metcalfe 3 months ago £2.00 Thanks! Reply Bob A Bob A 4 months ago How can you date stone tools? and how accurate is it? Reply 1 reply Martin Supra Martin Supra 3 months ago They did not left . They still here Reply Grant Raynard Grant Raynard 4 months ago I'm sure they could have mashed Gummie's food with a stick. But I'm sure it was with love. Reply Ellen Mendoza Ellen Mendoza 3 months ago I'v just found you.. how happy I'm I.... what joy... lovely voice Reply Geron 24 Geron 24 1 month ago No context, visit Georgia, a great country, for tourism too. Reply TJae TJae 3 months ago (edited) Unrelated to the video but have you been working out? You look so good bro! You've got confidence resonating out of you Reply Electronick7714 Electronick7714 3 months ago "Out of Africa 2: Electric Boogaloo" Reply Timothy Wirkman Virkkala Timothy Wirkman Virkkala 3 months ago It seems to me that talking about Flores and Homo florensias and not talking about the cyclical rise and fall of sea levels due to Ice Age glacial cycles seems a lapse. There were times, obviously, when the above-water land mass was much more extensive than now. This would be hugely significant for hominid exploration and migration. I also do not see why sea routes for hominid migration do not get some mention. It strikes me that fossil preservation for reed sea craft would be almost zero, and also under much water now because of sea level rises in the Holocene. But lack of evidence is no reason to circumscribe our speculation. What is possible may be likely. 1 Reply Max Planck Max Planck 1 month ago This is important for the story of the homo genus, small brained with basic tools were migrating from Africa and able to adapt to different environments 1.8 m.y.a and successfully hunting European animals , abig important story. The homo genus was a morphology freak show with huge variations at any time, today we are evidence of convergent evolution ✌️❤️🇬🇧good show Reply Gordon Pkm Gordon Pkm 2 months ago Pangea was almost One Continent 12k yrs ago with very little fracturing Reply 2 replies Chloee W Chloee W 2 months ago Chicago has kept the culture live. 1 Reply Chroniclesof_Alicha Balaam; VidsbyAB Chroniclesof_Alicha Balaam; VidsbyAB 2 weeks ago Take it back to 2 million years ago for our earliest ancestors!!! Reply 1 reply Alton Brek Alton Brek 3 months ago How comes no one seem to factor in the idea of a devastating flood which seems to have trapped an awful lot of fossilised remains - in very similar and widespread circumstances around the world? 1 Reply 1 reply sedevacantist1 sedevacantist1 3 days ago What about the Ashley Phosphate Beds? Dinasour and human bones found together, 60 million-year-old humans? Did you hear that sound?... Darwin just rolled over in his grave, thank goodness Carl Sagan wasn't here to read this. Reply paurush bhatnagar paurush bhatnagar 3 months ago Its not just about when but also why ? Reply Asher Dupuy-Spencer Asher Dupuy-Spencer 3 months ago great video. Anyone ever tell you that you look like Gonzalo Higuain? a fantastic and undeservedly maligned striker. Reply Powersend Powersend 2 months ago @11:02 it seems more likely the one wave spilled over to Indonesia Reply James Pazera James Pazera 4 months ago wonderful Reply Luis Aldamiz Luis Aldamiz 4 months ago (edited) To my eyes, with that ridiculously tiny brain size, that small body size and mere Olduwayan tools they were not H. erectus at all, they were a branch of H. habilis, so H. habilis georgicus is the most proper name IMO. Same for H. habilis floresiensis. Also no H. ergaster: H. erectus africanus. Reply מנשה בן יוסף מנשה בן יוסף 3 months ago ₪6.00 תודה! 1 Reply Lucid Lucid 4 months ago lots of animals work together, it's the knowledge of good and evil that sets us apart Reply 2 replies Christine Shotton Christine Shotton 2 months ago Breaking news! The one-toothed Dmanisi skull has been tentatively identified as H. Kentuckyensis.😎 I'll see myself out. Reply Sara Temp Sara Temp 4 months ago Okay here is kind of an off topic question. Why is the past always buried under ground? It's because plants grew on top of it, right? But how long can that go on? How high can it go? At some point, will the earth run out of organic material to build on top of? 1 Reply 1 reply John Lee John Lee 2 months ago If they were so tiny it's a wonder the dinosaurs didn't eat them all up Reply 1 reply Leland Wilson Leland Wilson 1 month ago 6.21 shows me that this is where kissing originated. If this person lived longer despite having one tooth, someone was masticating food and giving it to them. Reply robert robert robert robert 3 months ago I can imagine primitive people chewing food for 1 or 2 year olds to help with the weaning process or if the Mother did not have enough milk. So chewing food for elderly toothless people is not at all far fetched. I learned to change diapers of my children when they were babies, and then had to do the same for my 90+ yro Father who had dementia. I asure you it was a lot easier to do with babies. Reply 1 reply Dennis Harrington Dennis Harrington 3 months ago Thanks. So. Did these Georgian ancients helicopter in? Why isn’t there a “trail” (or two)of these guys leading back to Africa, say, through valleys and over plains? Reply Guy North Guy North 3 months ago Hominins being cooperative back 1.8 million years, I always thought the human time span they offered was way off!! Reply Paul Eugenio Paul Eugenio 2 months ago (edited) How genetically diverse were the first hominids? I would imagine small migrating groups would have a hard time find genetic diversity far from Africa, and that this would place a lower bound on the size of these far-traveling groups. My understanding is that eventually h. erectus was prolific in Asia, so my question is for much before that, first migrants. Thx! Reply Khauleza Skhosana Khauleza Skhosana 2 months ago I wonder who you addressing in this podcast especially when you say, "WE" Reply LeRainbow FPV LeRainbow FPV 2 months ago Imagine you begin to dig on Mars and the Moon and find endless debree, trash, housing, bones and non-human technology. That would be something amazing. Reply 1 reply Skankhunt42 Skankhunt42 3 months ago Best decision my ancestors ever made Reply MrRedberd MrRedberd 4 months ago Hominin waves out of Africa always remind me of Europeans colonizing the new world. Seizing the most prosperous land first and pushing the indigenous population farther and farther to the fringes. It makes sense to me, but it portrays the native peoples as less evolved, which isn't true. They were just isolated from the latest technology. That makes me wonder if the same could be said for Neanderthals, or Homo Floresiensis...and I'm doing it again. 2 Reply The observer The observer 2 months ago I just had a really bizarre thought! What if reincarnation is true, and you're an anthropologist, and you dig up one of your own early bodies? And what if that triggered memories of that life? ...puff, puff..... Reply 6 replies It’z Chico It’z Chico 3 months ago Think about most of the people watching this video saw one of their relatives sculls here Reply MERR MERR 1 month ago Way better videos out there on this…. If you thought this video was enlightening, I’d go study anything else. At all. For your own good. And ours. Reply chickenassasintk chickenassasintk 4 months ago anyone know the tune at 01:46 ???? Reply malkomalkavian malkomalkavian 3 months ago Banger :) Reply Steven Mitchell Steven Mitchell 3 months ago There have been multiple "migrations" since that's what humans do. Several Ice Ages have come and gone during the evolution of the homo genus appeared. Homo Erectus, one of the earliest, has been found in Europe and Asia. The movement of, and interbreeding among, these various groups led to mutations and evolution of new variants. We are simply the latest iteration and, barring some great improvements, the end of the line! Reply Ben Bedford Ben Bedford 3 months ago So what about the remains in California that date back to 130k years ago? Reply ruspj ruspj 3 months ago when people talk about migrations out of africa and show routes in diagrams it allways sounds like people has set out on a long journey. while it the journeys were long didnt they expand at something more like 10 miles per generation rather than set out on an adventure? like if rabbits and their preditors didnt exist - if you released some rabbits in portugal there would eventually be rabbits in east asia within a few thousand years - just from the population expanding rather than rabbits packing up and setting out on a journey 1 Reply lucy spectrum lucy spectrum 3 months ago Hopefully Stefan always does this topic all the many sapien left a mass migration were due to weather and any large die off Earth was volatile and weather is important but the oldest was flooding when shapeshifter firstlings moved out of a shape like butterflies even swiftly and that was only one next is weather and weather always was very volcanic and volatile so gasses kill masses and these early beings moved fast as birds or snakes and are glyph on stone depicted as fast moving like Olympic beings a brain was small since it was concentrated intelligence above ours and for good reasons size meant youth to era of lives sentient and learning when these heavy bodied lives survived cold and flooding and volcano they were always coming and going from caves caves caves so some day I will bring you better facts Reply Ian Anderson Ian Anderson 4 months ago Ahhh the great algorithm has brought us together once again , hello friends 👋🏻 Reply Terry Reynolds Terry Reynolds 3 months ago I love your videos and view them often. I get very concerned when I hear THE EARTH IS 6000 YEARS OLD AND IT TOOK 6 DAYS TO MAKE IT GO..... Reply caspar coaster caspar coaster 3 months ago that was from cobalt 60 treatments for a brain tumor at age 12... no wait, those were my bad teeth Reply Pau Jorba Pau Jorba 3 months ago